Mecatronics Engineering

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Mechanical System for school of optical (An-Najah university College)
(2011) Abdulla Alawneh; Islam Salahat; Mohammed Jaber; Majdi Shwawra; Iyad Assaf (Department Head)
Abstract The aim of this project is to design installation of heating, ventilation and air condition system (HVAC) for the school of optical which will be built in Nablus city / Palestine. The school consist of six floors, two floor up the ground, three basement and aground. There are different rooms inside the building such as meeting room ,computer room ,laboratory ,guest room ,staff lounge ,clinic, waiting rooms , offices(dean and other ),stores ,class rooms, video conference ,break area and stage, secretary rooms, and kitchen and the last thing is (electrical room, pump room, mechanical room ,control room, generator room, transformer room. as shown in appendix(I) HVAC system provides comfortable and clean healthy environment free of germs and diseases could harm the student and the peoples inside the school of optical l to achieve comfort inside the school. Many requirement must be taken in the building structure. First providing a insulation systems for various school. walls and windows that will reduce the amount of heat lost into the building. This habitual be established with the construction of the building including the development of insulation material and spaces inside the wall and the selection of quality glass where the heat transfer through it can be reduced. Second providing appropriate adjustment temperatures and moisture in absent of adores, and are able to purify the air inside the building so that the atmosphere inside the building suitable for people stable and relax. In addition adjustment to the school devises in order to protect them from damage and to give accurate results and therefore accurate treatment. Third existing of fire alarm system and fire fighting system to keep the faculty safe from fire this system is very essential to provide early detection of the fire and extinguished it in its initial stages. In addition to the HVAC system, water services and plumbing design is required, the availably of water service system inside the building the hot or cold water, this service can be achieved by the selecting the right size of piping and tubing for fixtures of drainage system prevent the hose from the hazard leakage, pollution, the medical gas system consisting of a central supply system (manifold, bulk, or compressors), including control equipment and piping extending to station outlets in the facility where medical gases may be required, the medical vacuum system consisting of central vacuum-producing equipment with vacuum switches and operating controls, shutoff valves, alarm warning system, gauges, and network of piping extending to and terminating with station inlets at location where patient suction may be required. Includes surgical vacuum systems, waste anesthesia gas disposal (gas scavenging systems), and beside suction systems. Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) considered as system climate controller because it provides heating, cooling, humidity control, filtration, fresh air, building pressure control to the condition space .The HVAC provides heating and cooling from its central plant or rooftop units. Plumbing essential for any buildings is divided into two categories, potable water (water service) and sanitary drainage water. The water services will provide all consumers with a continuous sufficient supply of good quality drinking-water at an affordable price in order to ensure the health and well-being of those served on the other hand, Sanitary drainage has been said that todays water supply is tomorrows sewage problem. The sanitary drainage system carries away the foul fluids and solids created at the fixture . There are many different types of fire systems, which they are used for monitoring, communication, fighting fire, indication, raising alarm, and diverting smoke. In general ,the fire system can be classified into two categories, Fire Protection System, and Fire Fighting System. The fire alarm system is used to generate alarms whenever there is any occurrence of fire, and the Fire protection is the prevention and reduction of the hazards associated with fires All the alarm signals can be linked to a central location where humans can carry out activities to handle the fire. Human Comfort The main objective of air conditioning is to maintain the environment in enclosed spaces at conditions that include the feeling of comfort to human. This feeling of comfort is influenced by a number of air parameters including temperature, humidity, air motion and purity. The purity of the air includes the absence of odors, toxic fumes and suspended particles, such as dust.
AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR CHOOSING SOLDIER IN ARMY
(2012) MoathOmair; MontaserIshtawi; Ahmad shouli; Bashir M.Y NOURI
One of the problems within Army units is collecting accurate height and weight data and to know more about if they have flat foot or problem in the main body of soldiers. Time management is another problem since it takes a substantial amount of time to process many soldiers, for example: writing down the name, age, sex, height, weight, and last four numbers of the social security number and after that inputting this into the computer into a specific military form for each individual soldier. This project will involve the building of an Automated system for choosing soldiers that will automatically record the weight and height, test the flat foot, and color blindness. Based on the results (sex, age, height, and weight and the other information) the soldier will have or not have to be taped according to the army standards. If the subject is out of the range, further measurements have to be done manually to see if that person meets different body fat percentage standards.
Stair- climbing wheelchair
(2013) DuaaDmadi; RawanMassad; Maram Al hassan; Muna Al athma
In our society there is a problem with special needs who are unable to climb stairs because of a disability.In our project we address to resolve this problem by designing a wheelchair which climb the stairs without any assistance. This wheelchair who climb the stairs works on the principle of the tri wheel mechanismsThe aims of our project is toward increasing the autonomy of persons reliant on mobility assistive devices, and to reduce the load on care workers in providing such mobility to walk and climbing stair as well as any other people without any problem.
Petrol Filling Robot
(2013) Mohammed Zohud; Mais Mansour; Mustafa Abd_Allah; Hasan Mohammed
As we see nowadays there are so much fuel filling stations spread in all over the world. By using petrol filling robot in these stations we can minimize the time, effort, and cost. The methodology relies mainly to design robot which can take image of the car to track the fuel tank slot. Then robot will reach to the tank slot and enter its gun inside it in order to fill fuel in tank. The study recommended using VISA card automated with robot and a gripper for the robot, to enable opening the cover of the tank and closes it, so we can use that alone without any worker. The robot has three important chapters, which are constructed very will to illustrate the construction of the robot. The first chapter talk about Mechanical construction. The second chapter talk about electrical construction. The last chapter talk about control construction of the robot.v Mechanical In this chapter we shown the final form of the mechanical design of the robot and its main parts and we discussed the problems we faced during fixing them together in order to achieve the proper, desired and soft movement, which is the main wish for a mechanical design.In addition to that, we shown how the assembly ways for several parts were used (in details) and of course the selections for every component used.The resulted robot was a 3 degrees of freedom robot (serial robot) with prismatic joints since wheels and power screws where used in linear movement.Wheels were the first problem in mechanical design and the most dangerous since they waste a lot of time to recognize either them available or not in markets. Unfortunately we did not find wheels that have the desired design characteristics mentioned. So we decided to make wheels by our own hands and purchase a polyethylene rod with 3 cm diameter and prepare a cutting tool which has semicircular shape suitable for groove to be made and we made from the rod 16 wheel pieces using the Lathe machine.Four wheels were driving ones and the rest were driven by them and each couple of driving wheels were assembled by a rotating shaft (rod) that have a pulley at its center which attached to the stepper motor by a belt. See Figure 1.3 which shows the rotating shafts for the driving wheels, one for cartage 1 and another shaft for cartage 2.Cartage 1 and cartage2were formed in different measures and shapes, for each cartage, there were eight wheels; two wheels were driven by the motor mounted on the cartage and six wheels were driven by the driving wheels.Two power screws were essential for the vertical transformation for the horizontal plate which has 2 split nuts fixed between the horizontal plate and both power screws by hexagonal head screws.Bearings are considered as 1 degree of freedom (1DOF) joints to which the rotating of the shaft attached. And the rotational axis is vertical over its circular face and passes through its center. Bearings main function was to reduce mechanical friction in order to make the horizontal plate move fast and more efficiently.Belts were used to transmit rotational motion between stepper motors and their associated pulleys attached at the drive shafts in the cartages.v Motors Motors are essential parts in machines; they perform the mission of moving parts by convert the electrical power to mechanical power, this conversion of power occurs by electromagnetic phenomena, which states that the flowing current in the source circuit of the motor generates magnetic field in the motor coils causing the motor shaft to moving in the form of torque(rotating), which depends on the induced armature current, flux intensity, and other parameters related to motor structure (number of turns, poles, connection type, etc). Motors are classified in terms of various objects including source type (AC/DC).DC or AC motor types selection: In our project we need to use motors for driving the mechanisms to satisfy the desired position of the gun. It is better to use DC motors than AC motors, because the AC driving encoder for controlling the motor more expensive and less accurate than DC motors types.Our project includes three motors, one of them is a DC motor and the others are stepper motors. The DC motor found in Trucks windshield wipers is used with encoder circuit for controlling the level of the gun in vertical direction, due to the relatively large weight of robot components, and two stepper motors are chosen with theirs drive circuits for monitoring the motion in perpendicular and horizontal directions, due to relatively small torque needed to satisfy the motion.Thecontrol of speed and position of the motors was done with the appropriate circuits that are satisfy the mission, and the safety was the first concern of our project.Limit switches: In our filling robot there are six lever-operated limit switches to limit the movement in x, y, and z directions. They work as an interrupt for the microcontroller inputs. The analogue distance sensors are a common choice in most projects which requires accurate distance measurements. This sensor is more economical than others. And it provides much better performance compared with other alternatives.ADigital Camera is a device that records images which can be stored directly, transmitted to another location.v Control Image processing is a method to convert an image into digital form and perform some operations on it, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract some useful information from it. It is a type of signal dispensation in which input is image, and output may be image or characteristics associated with that image. Most image-processing techniques involve treating the image as a two-dimensional signal and applying standard signal-processing techniques to it.OpenCV is an open source computer vision library available .The library is written in C and C++ and runs under Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. There is active development on interfaces for Python, Ruby, Matlab, and other languages. OpenCV was designed for computational efficiency and with a strong focus on real-time applications. OpenCV is written in optimized C and C++. Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy to use hardware and software, Arduino can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect it surroundings by controlling lights, motors and other actuators. Its microcontroller is programmed by Arduino program language. The applying code was writing to satisfy the required target of the robot, and the safety approach was the first concern. The working sequence of the robot was illustrated and described in details in the report.
Automated pharmacy
(2013) Aseel Majed Nassar; Manar Hasan Ramadan; Ola Hazem Al-Aghber; Rudina Maher Dwikat; Aladdin Masri
Automated storage and retrieval system is the project connect mechanical , electrical , and control systems , to perform many tasks such as storage and retrieval operations and control the inputs and outputs , it can be used in workplaces , pharmacies wherhuosies , storage places , and it can be used in the supermarkets .The project constructed using four chrome rods and the aluminum plate which moving horizontally on these rods by bearings at the edges and acme thread in the middle, this plat carry the vertical rail and the rail of the gripper, all these motion created by 4 stepper motors, the steps and direction are controlled by Arduino controller, the project uses ac/dc switching charger power supply and drivers for protection and connection between the power supply and Arduino. The project also contains barcode reader to infer the appropriate location of the drug in the process of storage and retrieval,and the shelves which Contains two holes, hole in the top and hole in the bottom use the slot upper for storage system where they are dropping from it.The purpose of our project is to save the time , space , increase the income of the pharmacy , reduce the errors during distracting , and give the pharmacies more time for checking the medicine before giving it to the customer .but it need high initial cost to perform , and increase the unemployment in the society.
Box of palletizer machine
(2013) Iessa Asrawi; Islam Barhom; Mahmaoud shreem; Mohammed Ali
This project was selected because of the importance for the palletizer machine to national company for manufacturing cartoon.The machine is used to arrange and organize the cartoon on the ballets that make the inventory stock will be controlled and save the time, cost and labor efforts in load and unload for products.The machine is connected on the end of production line where the products will be located on the conveyer after been printed and marked, according to the design the fixed number- size of products will be go inside the machine which had sensors controlled the puncher who punch the products to steel base which controlled by sensors also, the steel base will be moved with tow axial direction to locate the products on the required shape and arrangement in the ballet.The movement of the steel base is divided two directions, vertical direction which is used to control the product to up and down motion as required to arrange it in the ballet and to decide the height of products on the ballet, and the horizontal which is used to make the same shape required in the ballet. This project explains the process required to design the palletizer for the cartoon factory and show the engineering concepts which help to make the machine under practical stage.
AUTOMATIC SEEDS PLANTING
(2013) Allam Abu Hasan; Ahmad Farraj; Hiba Adli; Ghader Alfar
Automation is the use of control system and information technologies to reduce the need for human work in the production of goods and services. Also, it greatly decreases the need for human sensory and mental requirements, increases the productivity and reduces the labor cost. In the current scenario, most countries do not have sufficient skilled manpower specifically in agricultural sector and it affects the growth of developing countries. So its a time to automate this sector to overcome this problem. An innovative idea of our project is to automate the process of sowing seeds such as sunflower, baby corn, groundnut and vegetables like beans, ladys finger, pumpkin and pulses like black gram, green gram etc to reduce the human effort and increase the yield.The main components of the production line are the pneumatic system, the conveyor belt, motor, sensors, and microcontroller. The conveyor belt allows the trays to move in a straight line from one position to another. When the tray is detected by the sensors fixed on the table of the conveyor, the operation of sowing will start and then the tray will move to the trolley by the worker. This operation will be repeated for all trays that farmer want to sow.
Electric Wheel Chair
(2013) Bassam.H.Subuh; Hamdan.R.Shehadeh; Karim.M.Yasin; Mohammad.R.Belleh; Aladdin Masri
The main purpose of this research is to know the design of the chair wheel and how solid Parts are connected together. The final design is controlled by many factors that affect speed of chair, such as weight of person. The engine selection affects motion quality by providing the force needed to move. The hard ware is used to know the structure of the machine and the use of every partAnd how it is joined with other parts. For example, the front wheel to the structure of chair and gear may be fixed to the wheels. Another example is the rawer wheel connects with motors. Finally, there is an important part of the chair wheel hardware; that is the joystick which helps in pointing to the desired direction. The free body diagram is used to calculate the unknowns forces free body diagramShows all forces of all types acting on this body. The solid work program is used toDisplay the shape of the parts. We design an electric wheelchair for people with special needs, and as we know the price of this equipment in the market are very expensive, and we are trying to provide affordable. It consists of: four wheels, two motors permanent magnet fixed in rear, 12V-26 dry battery, micro controller, and joystick, and also will work on some additions to the electric chair like control by voice in the electric chair and a fund to put the needs of the person, and rear wheel to prevent the coup in steep roads.
Stair- climbing wheelchair
(2013) Duaa Dmadi; Rawan Massad; Maram Al hassan; Muna Al athma
In our society there is a problem with special needs who are unable to climb stairs because of a disability.In our project we address to resolve this problem by designing a wheelchair which climb the stairs without any assistance. This wheelchair who climb the stairs works on the principle of the tri wheel mechanisms The aims of our project is toward increasing the autonomy of persons reliant on mobility assistive devices, and to reduce the load on care workers in providing such mobility to walk and climbing stair as well as any other people without any problem.
Soft Dough Divider Machine
(2013) Atheer Salameh; Raed Ghanem; Soha Ali; Aladdin Masri
The aim of the project is to operate this machine to solve the problem of existing and that the machines on the market dont meet the requirements needed for the production of soft dough, so in this project it's offered the requirements of the market and produce a machine contain world-class.It discuss the manufacture of full automated mechanical machine for the production of uniform weight cut dough, where a person can electronically request any weight, which facilitates the process of cutting the dough and the desired weight. As well as a person can also control the number of pieces produced by the machine during the time, and any number of pieces that have generated as needed. By this way saves time, effort and money together, and gives a high accuracy of the product.This project aims to understand the Mechatronics systems and how to build such one, and learn the team work, learn the responsibility. Design of volumetric dough divider, its automatic division of dough into pieces of equal volume and weight, the weight of the dough itself cuts the dough thanks to the vacuum generated by piston cylinder movement, also variation of the weight in the outgoing dough pieces results from the adjustment of the volume of the chamber located in the drum. Also explained VDDM component, these components have a specific material descriptions and technical specifications that specify the operating of this system(divider machine).
CONTROL OF MOBILE ROBOT
(2013) Manar Mohammad Said; Deema Abd-Rahman Odeh; Rola "Muhammad Eid" Sabbah; Bashir M.Y NOURI
Control of mobile robots is considered a new research that deals with several sides such as mechanical, physical and control, as well as the software side. The importance of this project is to present a new control strategy of mobile robots, such path tracking and obstacle avoidance. The aspects that will be covered in this project are: The hardware structure of a mobile robot, the low-level control of mobile robot and the high level control strategies the direction of motion of mobile robot, the path following/ tracking and obstacle avoidance controller.The methodology of this project is to understand and build a simulation model for every hardware component of a mobile robot ,also to design low-level controller for the driving DC motors of the robot ,and building a complete simulation in Matlab and simulink software as soon as , designing a navigation controllers for the mobile robot taking into account path following and obstacle avoidance.Several research has been done and still going at both universities and industry of controlling mobile robots.
Rain gauge
(2013) Iman M.shreim; Riham A.Barakat; Reema Y.Daraghmeh; Worood I.Salameh; Bashir M.Y NOURI
This project is concerned to design a modern rain fall gauge .that is able to measure the quantity of the rain fall in period of time such as rain fall of 10 minute storm or more, and gives the average storm rainfall, and also the total delay rain fall .The data collection will be stored in to a local memory of the device.The collected data will be helpful for future weather for cast and also it helps for the design of the infrastructure of cities such as the design of the sewer system and drainage system that will be very helpful to avoid flooding of streets.The most important and main objectives of the project are:-1- Study the existing rain fall gauges and methodology of data collection in weather station in Palestine.2- Design the modern rain fall gauge (udometer).3- The construction of the designed rain fall gauge.4- Testing the designed rainfall gauge.
Home Automation
(2014) Esra Hanani; Hedaya Abdulrahim; Mohammad Asaad; Sami Hamad; Hanal Abuzant
Home Automation:Home automation refers to the use of computer and information technology to control home appliances and features. Home automation will be achieved with connected computing power and memory within lots of pieces of house equipment, each of which will communicate with the user and with other equipments, the communication media will include infra-red, radio, mains wires, installed twisted wires and coaxial cable, etc.Systems can range from simple remote control of lighting through to complex computer/micro-controller based networks with varying degrees of intelligence and automation.Our project (Home automation system) consists of many small systems: Security control system: safety door work with the voice tag or fingerprint or by motion detection. Fire system or smoke detector: detects a fire or smoke condition, causing all lights in the house to blink to alert any occupants of the house to the possible emergency. Detection of gas leaks and water leaks (fire alarm and gas alarm). The burglar(thief) security system: burglar warning will be activated to tell the user. Lighting system: the lamps will be activated when the door is opened and still activated until the user presses the deactivated push button. And many systems can be added like heat control system. Elements of a home automation system include sensors (such as temperature, daylight, or motion detection), controllers (such as a general-purpose personal computer) and actuators, such as motorized valves, light switches, motors, and others.
Automated slicing machine
(2014) Abd Alwahad Hindi; Banan Mehdawi; Hanan Hamdan; Lujain Alfares; Maymouna daglas
The main idea of the project is designing integrated systems for measuring weight, and thickness to produce slices as ordered from customer.Firstly, the desired weight and thickness specified by the costumer, and these values, entered by keypad, and the keypad sends these values to the control unit. After the Arduino received the values, it will turn on the machine and the product will pass through several processes. A screw will push the product toward the cutting knife which in turn, move and cut. . The machine will slice the product according to what it has received and put it on a plate. Then the slices will weighted by a balance. When it reaches the required weight the Arduino will send a signal to the machine to stop cutting. As a future work, A belt could transfer the pieces to the place of packaging. Then it will label the bag by the weight. It is possible to add improvements on this primary transfer line to develop it.By using this machine labor cost will reduced and the accuracy of the weight will increase. Also the errors will decreased, Time of process will decrease thats why the machine is important.Maybe this project was done before and already used in markets but not exactly the same. The new idea here is that the weight and thickness will be specified from the customer directly to the machine that automatically achieved the desired and then stop.
Design of gas leakage detection system
(2014) Jehad Hamdan; Motaz Hindyh; Owais Abd-aljawad; Malik Eshtayah; Bashir M.Y NOURI
Every day in this world occur several accidents of the fire and asphyxias and explosions due to the gas devices, which it causes the death of nearly two and a half million people each year around the world. House safety is important of our life, and the main cause of dangerous is gas devices, cooking gas is the most popular fuel in our houses, sometimes firefighters cant control the fire when they couldn't reach to gas source, a lot of people killed by gas source, in restaurants and hotels, the control operation of the gas devise valve will eliminate these problems.Controller of gas leakage system is work automatically at a certain concentration of gas so when the gas leakage occur their concentration start increasing in air and when the concentration excess the certain limit the transducer calibrated on it, the system is operate and the actuator start up (motor-in our situation) to close the source of gas and also operate the alarming to alert the people in place of the leakage through audio-visual indications that gas leakage occurred in danger amount and the system operated and the source gas is closed.v The controller of gas leakage system consist mainly of the following components: Measurement system: design and produce transducer that detects the gases. Actuator system: design the way that connect the actuator to the valve of the gas. Safety indicator system: design and produce alarm device (through audio-visual Indications). Control system to operate all the component to gather. In order to produce a control of gas leakage system the following steps will be followed. First step research and information collection, a research operation should be achieve to collect larger information about the gases and all component of the system. Second step produce measurement system (transducer), to achieve this step the transducer will be calibrated to active the actuator before the danger limit. Third step is design and produce actuator, the operation of the actuator (motor in this system) must be safely without cause any danger. Fourth step is design and produce an alarm device, it should be gave a people in place an indication about status of system. Last step all component will be connected and interface together. Note that all the design will be achieve through the software, and the experimental application will be in graduate project two. This project hadnt been done before and there is no similar one exactly, but there is some applications which have similar ideas and parts of this project but not a complete device for the gas cylinder, such as the transducer of the gas detection, which is called oxygen gas detector or the sensor of fire extinguishing.
Multi-system robot
(2014) Jamil Hamed; Amr Ibrahim; Hanal Abuzant
It is undeniable to any of us that robots have a great part in solving problems that facing humanity, it can carry out varying tasks in dangerous environments for humans to get to, we have chosen this idea as the starting point for our project and so we have decided to design and build a robot to carry out the aforementioned task and even more, we have decided to call it a Multi System Robot. Multi System Robot is a robot that moves on four wheels equipped with a robotic arm with five degrees of freedom to give it the flexibility and easiness in executing various tasks, the importance of this robot lies in the technology used to control its operation process as we can control it from any place in the world using wireless control technology in other words using the internet. The robot s assured to have video cameras to lively stream whats going around the robot to make the control process easier. The naming of the robot goes to the multi tasks is can do and to the multi systems that exists in the robot which are wireless internet control, manipulator system and video camera system. On the other hand, each of the aforementioned system can be used separately, for example the manipulator is considered a very important element in recent industries, the camera system could be used for security purposes in residential areas, public places and stores, the wireless control system can be used for integrated home automation.
Automated slicing machine
(2014) Abd Alwahed Hindi; Banan Mehdawi; Hanan Hamdan; Lujain Alfares; Maymouna daglas
The main idea of the project is designing integrated systems for measuring weight, and thickness to produce slices as ordered from customer.Firstly, the desired weight and thickness specified by the costumer, and these values, entered by keypad, and the keypad sends these values to the control unit. After the Arduino received the values, it will turn on the machine and the product will pass through several processes. A screw will push the product toward the cutting knife which in turn, move and cut. . The machine will slice the product according to what it has received and put it on a plate. Then the slices will weighted by a balance. When it reaches the required weight the Arduino will send a signal to the machine to stop cutting. As a future work, A belt could transfer the pieces to the place of packaging. Then it will label the bag by the weight. It is possible to add improvements on this primary transfer line to develop it.By using this machine labor cost will reduced and the accuracy of the weight will increase. Also the errors will decreased, Time of process will decrease thats why the machine is important. Maybe this project was done before and already used in markets but not exactly the same. The new idea here is that the weight and thickness will be specified from the customer directly to the machine that automatically achieved the desired and then stop.
CLIMATE CHAMBER
(2014) Hamza Johari; Mosab Ordonya; Hisham Khanfa; Kamel Subhi Saleh
This project was conducted to build a machine, which simulates two environmental conditions; Humidity and Temperature, called Climate chamber. Hence, what is the climate chamber and what its applications? Climate chamber, as the name indicates, a cabinet or a chamber that modulates many cases of storing, working and calibrating conditions for many products such as measurement systems, electronic equipment and drags. The concept of this equipment is, when the user enters the needed condition by adjusting the Temperature and Humidity options, a control system works by increasing or decreasing the temperature and the humidity until the required condition satisfied. Using a secured feedback system, the condition in the chamber will be achieved and maintained until another order comes from the user. In this project there are many aspects covered. In the first hand, the mechanical approach appears in the Main frame, the Isolation system to prevent temperature lose and the Heating-cooling systems. In the second hand, the computer approach covered by using sophisticated system based on using modern techniques of interfacing between user and machine. In the third hand, the control part covered by using control and feedback system to get the best results. However, from the previous ideas working was started by simulating the expected shape of the machine by using 3D designing program, and then the required parts were got and the non-available parts were produced, finally assembling the whole system. There are many applications for the Climate chamber, for example; when a company tries to produce a new product such as measurement system or even a computer system, they will test it under special conditions of Temperature and Humidity to find how the Interfering input affects the efficiency and performance of the equipment and to find the best operating conditions, through this machine the manufacturing company states the recommended operating condition Operating condition from -5 to +55. Moreover, it can be used in finding the best storing condition of foods and drags; they test the product in many conditions through this machine then they choose the best one, Stored in Cold and Dry Condition. A climate chamber is an enclosure used to test the effects of specified environmental conditions on biological items, industrial products, materials, and electronic devices and components.Such a chamber can be used:1. as a stand-alone test for environmental effects on test specimens2. as preparation of test specimens for further physical tests or chemical tests3. as environmental conditions for conducting testing of specimens A climate test chamber artificially replicates the conditions under which machinery, materials, devices or components might be exposed. It is also used to accelerate the effects of exposure to the environment, sometimes at conditions not actually expected.These conditions may include: extreme temperatures sudden and extreme temperature variations moisture or relative humidity electrodynamics vibrations electromagnetic radiation salt spray rain weathering exposure to sun, causing UV degradation vacuum Manufactured samples, specimens, or components are placed inside the chamber and subjected to one or more of these environmental parameters to determine reliability or measure after-effects such as corrosion. In the case of machinery such as internal combustion engines, byproducts such as emissions are monitored. An environmental chamber can be a small room used both to condition test specimens and to conduct the test. It can be a smaller unit that's used for conditioning test items. Also, some chambers are small enough to be placed onto a universal testing machine or other test apparatus. Many chambers are set at a certain set of conditions. Others can be programed to cycle through specified sequences of conditions. There are many applications on climate chamber such that: Aerospace Automotive Biotechnology Defense Electronics Energy Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Mobile Clean Rooms
BRAILLE PRINTER
(2014) Rabee waheeb; Yasmeen Ateeq; Mahmoud Qasrawi; Jamal Khlif
In our project we look at the reality of life and search for the most marginalized groups which need serious attitudes to help them and work for them and we found that the more groups that deserve assistance are a class of blindness.We want to develop a plan or proposal to try to help the blind category, through the development of hypotheses to try to raise the critical for the blind and try to invent a device that outputs papers printed in Braille.Braille Printer (bp) will print the texts from computer or from flash memory, the principle of operation of the device is to convert each letter of the alphabet character to its corresponding Braille letter that will be printed on a special paper using a needle moved by solenoid which is mounted on a carriage moved horizontally by means of linear bearing and actuated by stepper motor.When you start the printing process, paper will pulled by rod which connected to DC motor until the paper reaches to the appropriate location to start the process of printing ,after that Raspberry Pi will start reading the text character by character . Raspberry Pi will deal with the paper as a main matrix that is divided into secondary matrices each of them consists of three rows and two columns. Raspberry Pi then begin the process of packing for these matrices zeroes and ones to produce the form of the letters in Braille, each secondary matrix represent one letter of braille language, after that Raspberry Pi will send commands to stepper motor to move to the suitable place and to solenoid to strike the paper (ones mean strike and zero means do nothing). When we want to move from line to another Raspberry Pi will send a command to the DC motor which is connect by rod to move.
AUTO-TRACKING SOLAR RADIATION SYSTEM
(2014) Mohammad Attayyeb Abu Kishek; Abbas Atabeh; Aseel Salem; Hamzeh Zayed; Bashir M.Y NOURI
Palestine is considered a poor country in the sources of fossil fuel ,nowadays this fossil power prices are raise to Significant levels, which is not affordable by our economy especially that the demand on this type of power is increasing, and its prices is expected to go higher & higher which our citizens cannot withstand. On the other hand, the new strategy of the Palestinian government is that, the citizens could share the Electric Power Distribution Company is producing electric power by utilizing the solar energy. The rules of that share that; a house has to produce at least 5 KW of electric power. To produce 5 KW you need 16 m of fixed solar panels that cost about 8,000 USD. As long as Palestine is a sunny country, the most suitable solution for our poverty in fossil fuel is to look for the means that allow us to utilize the free power of the sun. The auto tracking solar radiation system is considered to be the most efficient way to utilize the most amount of this power, to reduce the need area of solar panels that will save in the capital cost of such systems.Auto-tracking solar radiation system is a kind of two axes robot that is able to always keep the sun rays perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel. In this project, the literature review of the solar radiation systems will be studied and compared to obtain the optimal design of the auto tracking solar radiation system. The design steps of the optimal auto-tacking solar radiation system will be as follows:Firstly, the mechanical and electrical actuators will be designed and selected. Secondly, the required transducers and control components will be designed and tested. Thirdly, the complete auto-tracking solar radiation system will be constructed and tested. Finally, experiments will be done for the purpose of comparison between utilizing solar energy by auto-tracking solar system and the fixed ones.

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