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A COMPARISON OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING FRACTIONAL VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATION OF THE SECOND KIND
(An-Najah National University, 2026-08-05) AbuSamaan, Ihab
Fractional Volterra integral equations of the second kind provide an effective mathematical framework for modeling complex phenomena in physics, engineering and biology where traditional integral-order methods prove inadequate. The main objective of this research is to compare several numerical methods for solving fractional Volterra integral equations of the second kind. We start by reviewing some of the fundamental concepts of fractional Volterra integral equations and their solvability. Moreover, we address the numerical methods used to solve fractional Volterra integral equations of the second kind, namely, the Haar wavelet collocation method, the Bernstein polynomial collocation method and the spectral Galerkin projection method. Their convergence and stability properties together with their error analysis associated with the proposed numerical methods have been investigated. These numerical methods are illustrated through some numerical examples. Numerical results show clearly that the Galerkin method provides more efficient and accurate results.
MORAL DISTRESS AMONG EMERGENCY NURSES IN PALESTINIAN HOSPITALS IN THE NORTHERN WEST BANK: PREVALENCE, PREDICTORS, AND COPING STRATEGIES – A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
(An-Najah National University, 2026-07-29) Khmous, Rawan Saeed Mohammad
Background Moral distress is considered an important ethical and psychological issue for nurses, especially in situations characterized by heavy patient flow, such as the emergency room. Due to the lack of resources and political instability, situations arise in which nurses find themselves unable to act based on their ethical judgment. Objectives This study aimed to determine the level of moral distress among emergency nurses, identify its key predictors, explore coping strategies, and examine the relationships between these variables. Methodology The research design used was a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative research design. The study took place among emergency nurses working in both public and private hospitals located in the Northern West Bank, Palestine. A sample of 165 nurses participated in the study, selected through a convenient sampling technique. Data collection tools used in the study included the Measure of Moral Distress for Health Care Professional and Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory questionnaires. The data were in collection started in March,10th till April,30 and were analyzed using statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. Result The total number of emergency nurses included in the study was 165. Moral distress was common among the subjects, with an average frequency of 73.28 (SD = 7.65) and an average severity of 67.92 (SD = 8.19). About half of the respondents (47.3%) expressed the intention of quitting their current jobs due to moral distress. Total coping among the nurses was moderately high, with an average total COPE score of 65.25 (SD = 10.26), where problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidant coping scores were 2.37, 2.32, and 2.31, respectively. There were strong negative correlations between total coping and composite moral distress (r = -0.561, p < 0.001) as well as distress severity (r = -0.575, p < 0.001). Distress severity among female nurses was significantly higher than that among male nurses (p = 0.006). Distress and coping also varied significantly by age, education, years of experience, and professional position. Multiple linear regression results indicated that age, years of experience, professional position, and moral distress training predicted total moral distress, which explained 55.7% of variance (R² = 0.557, adjusted R² = 0.540; F(6,158) = 33.073, p < 0.001). Conclusion Moral distress represents an important and prevalent issue amongst emergency nurses in the Northern West Bank. There is a key organizational element involved in creating this distress, which highlights the need for organizational-level solutions. Improving ethical working conditions, improving resource management, and developing coping mechanisms must be considered if moral distress is to be minimized
A SIMULATION-OPTIMIZATION APPROACH FOR EVALUATING AND SELECTING MUNICIPAL PROJECTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
(An-Najah National University, 2026-08-02) Odeh, Moath
Municipalities in developing countries often face constrained budgets, institutional limitations, infrastructure instability, and uncertainty when selecting among competing projects. Palestinian municipalities provide a relevant applied context in which these pressures are particularly visible. Conventional project-prioritisation approaches may not adequately differentiate alternatives or represent uncertainty in expert judgement. This thesis proposes and evaluates a three-stage simulation-optimization decision-support approach for evaluating and selecting municipal projects. The approach integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a Monte Carlo-based Modified Analytic Hierarchy Process (MAHP), and non-parametric bootstrap inference to produce a deterministic baseline ranking, assess ranking robustness under uncertainty, and evaluate pairwise statistical differences between project scores. A panel of 20 experts performed pairwise comparisons of criteria and performance ratings for three municipal infrastructure projects against four criteria: technological feasibility (C1), economic viability (C2), social impact (C3), and resilience to external constraints (C4). AHP produced deterministic criterion weights and a baseline project ranking. MAHP used K = 10,000 Monte Carlo iterations sampled from the empirical distribution of expert judgements. Bootstrap inference used B = 5,000 replicates and 95% confidence intervals to assess pairwise score differences. The highest-ranking criterion under AHP was C1 (w = 0.514), with an acceptable consistency ratio (CR = 0.047), producing the baseline ranking P3 > P1 > P2. Under MAHP, P3 (Southern Industrial Zone Transfer Station) remained first with a mean score of 0.799, while P2 ranked above P1 under uncertainty. Bootstrap inference showed positive pairwise differences between P3 and P1 (Δ = +0.097) and between P3 and P2 (Δ = +0.079), supporting P3 as the highest-priority project within the analysed case set.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH FATIGUE AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADVANCED CANCER PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN PALESTINE.
(An-Najah National University, 2026-08-02) Ghanim, Haneen Najeh
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE OF ACUTE STROKE MANAGEMENT AND ATTITUDE OF EVIDENCE-BASED CARE AMONG EMERGENCY NURSES IN NORTH WEST- BANK HOSPITALS
(An-Najah National University, 2026-06-30) Bayda, Dalia
Stroke is recognized as the world's first and most common vascular illness of the brain. This issue, which is regarded as the third most prevalent cause of disability worldwide, can negatively affect a person's ability to move, see, speak, feel, and perceive their social environment (Albart et al., 2022).