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Improving the service level at the traffic department in the ministry of transportation
(2026-09-21) Rand Shayeb; Nada Kabaha; Ruba Odeh
Report Summary Improving the Service Level at the Traffic Department in the Ministry of Transportation Full Project Summary Abstract This project focuses on improving the service level at the Traffic Department in the Ministry of Transportation. Long waiting times, high demand, manual procedures, and limited service capacity can reduce service efficiency and citizen satisfaction. The project proposes a smartphone application that provides important Traffic Department services electronically. The system includes: • Electronic citizen profile • Driving license services • Traffic violations • Notifications • Electronic payment • Online communication The project also uses previous studies about waiting time, Lean Six Sigma, and queueing theory. The main goal is to reduce waiting time, reduce unnecessary visits, and improve service efficiency. Chapter 1 — Introduction 1.1 Problem and Background Waiting is a major problem in many service organizations. When the number of people requesting a service is greater than the service capacity, queues are created. Long waiting times can: • Waste citizens’ time • Reduce customer satisfaction • Increase pressure on employees • Reduce service efficiency Therefore, the project focuses on improving the way Traffic Department services are provided. 1.2 Electronic Government Services Electronic government applications can improve public services. They can: • Reduce time and effort • Reduce human errors • Improve efficiency • Improve transparency • Make services easier to access • Improve communication with citizens The project applies these ideas to Traffic Department services. 1.3 Proposed Solution The project proposes a smartphone application that provides Traffic Department services electronically. The application allows citizens to access different services without visiting the department for every procedure. The system is supported by: • A mobile application • A control panel • A database • Connection with the government database 1.4 Project Objectives The main objectives are: • Create an electronic citizen profile. • Issue and renew driving licenses. • Manage traffic violations. • Provide notifications. • Support electronic payment. • Support online inquiries and communication. • Provide theoretical and practical driving exam simulation. • Reduce waiting time. • Improve service efficiency. 1.5 Project Significance For Citizens The system can: • Save time and effort. • Reduce waiting time. • Reduce unnecessary visits. • Provide easier access to services. • Improve communication. For Employees and the Organization The system can: • Improve productivity. • Improve data management. • Increase transparency. • Reduce some operational costs. • Make service processes more organized. Chapter 2 — Theoretical Background and Previous Work 2.1 Purpose of the Chapter This chapter presents previous studies related to: • Waiting time • Service improvement • Process efficiency • Queueing systems These studies help support the proposed solution for the Traffic Department. 2.2 Previous Study: C-Auto The first study was about a car service center called C-Auto. The center served about: 2,300 customers per month The average repair waiting time was: 6.02 days Customer satisfaction was about: 54% The study aimed to reduce waiting time and increase productivity. 2.3 Method Used in C-Auto The study used: DMAIC DMAIC means: • Define • Measure • Analyze • Improve • Control The study also used Lean Six Sigma tools. The researchers analyzed the work process and identified the causes of delays. They used tools such as: • 5 Whys • Fishbone Diagram • 5S • Process analysis 2.4 Results of C-Auto Study The study reported improvements in: • Cycle time • Repair time • Productivity • Process flow The main idea was that analyzing the causes of delays and improving the work process can reduce waiting time and improve service efficiency. 2.5 Previous Study: Health Services The second study analyzed a health service system. The system had: 2 service providers The utilization was: 96.88% The average queue length was: 29.55 patients Because the service providers were highly utilized, a long queue was created. 2.6 Proposed Solution The study proposed adding a third service provider. The researchers compared: M/M/2 with M/M/3 The results were: Measure M/M/2 M/M/3 Utilization 96.88% 64.58% Queue Length 29.55 0.76 System Length 31.49 2.70 System Time 33.86 min 2.90 min The results showed that increasing service capacity greatly reduced the queue and waiting time. 2.7 Connection to Our Project The previous studies show that waiting problems can be reduced by: • Improving the service process • Increasing service capacity • Using technology • Reducing unnecessary procedures The current project applies these ideas to the Traffic Department by providing services through a mobile application. Chapter 3 — Methodology 3.1 Methodology Approach The project follows several main steps: 1. Study the current service problems. 2. Identify waiting and efficiency problems. 3. Design an electronic service system. 4. Develop system diagrams and workflows. 5. Develop the application. 6. Test the proposed system. 3.2 Main System Components The proposed system consists of: Mobile Application Used by citizens to access services. Control Panel Used to manage and control the system. Database Used to store and manage information. Government Database Provides the possibility of connecting the application with the main government database. 3.3 Functional Requirements The system should: • Provide basic Traffic Department services. • Allow citizens to access license services. • Provide information about violations. • Support electronic payment. • Provide notifications. • Provide online communication. • Be easy to use. 3.4 Non-Functional Requirements The system should be: • Fast • Easy to use • Mobile-friendly • Secure • Private • Accessible • Reliable The project also considers standards and guidelines related to security, accessibility, and privacy, such as: • ISO/IEC 27001 • WCAG • GDPR 3.5 Design Alternative A web-based system could be used. However, the project selected a smartphone application because it provides: • Faster access • Easier use • Better mobile accessibility • Notifications • Convenient access to services 3.6 System Modeling The project uses different UML and system diagrams: • Class Diagram • Activity Diagram • State Diagram • Process Flowcharts • Use Case diagrams These diagrams help explain how the system works and how users interact with it. 3.7 Main System Classes Citizen Contains citizen information and citizen functions. Employee Contains employee information, role, and contact information. Driving License Contains driving license information and related services. Insurance Contains insurance information. Violation Contains traffic violation information. Application Represents service requests and their processing. 3.8 Development Technologies The project uses: • Flutter — application development • Adobe XD — user interface design • Firebase / API — system support and integration • CMS — content management • PHPMyAdmin / MySQL — database management 3.9 Estimated Cost The project includes estimated costs for: • UI Design • Application Development • Device Compatibility Testing • Performance Testing • Quality Testing • Application Publishing • Technical Support • Bug Fixing • Hosting • Maintenance Examples of estimated costs include: • UI Design: from $500 • Development: from $1,000 • Testing: about $500 for each testing activity • Publishing: $100 • Technical Support: $200/month • Hosting: $50/month • Maintenance: $200/month • Bug Fixing: about $500 per bug Chapter 4 — Results and Analysis 4.1 System Users The main users are: Primary Users Citizens who need services such as: • License renewal • Insurance-related services • New license applications Secondary Users Traffic Department employees who manage and process applications. 4.2 System Strengths The proposed system provides: • Modern technology • User-friendly design • Content management • Better data management • Clear separation between citizen and employee functions 4.3 Test Case 1 — Driving License Renewal A citizen submits a driving license renewal request. The system: 1. Receives the request. 2. Verifies the citizen's information. 3. Processes the request. 4. Issues the renewed license. 4.4 Test Case 2 — Expired License If the driving license is expired: 1. The system identifies the expired license. 2. The citizen receives a notification. 3. The system supports the electronic payment process. 4.5 Test Case 3 — New License Application For a new driving license: 1. The citizen submits the application. 2. The system verifies the information. 3. A request is sent to the health department. 4. The citizen completes the medical examination. 5. Approval or scheduling information is sent to the citizen. Chapter 5 — Discussion The system was discussed based on several important factors. Accuracy The system is designed to process the main service tasks accurately. Efficiency The system can reduce manual procedures and make services faster and easier. Extensibility The system can be expanded in the future by adding new services and features. Data Quality Accurate and well-managed data is important for the success of the system. User Efficiency The application can help citizens access services more easily and reduce unnecessary visits. System Support The system requires continuous technical support and improvement. More testing is also needed under wider and more realistic conditions. Chapter 6 — Conclusions and Recommendations 6.1 Conclusions The project concludes that the proposed system: • Achieves the main project objectives. • Supports accurate processing of basic services. • Improves service efficiency. • Reduces manual procedures. • Can reduce unnecessary visits. • Provides easier access to Traffic Department services. • Can be expanded with additional services in the future. The project shows that using electronic services can provide a more organized and efficient way to deliver Traffic Department services. 6.2 Recommendations The project recommends: • Performing more comprehensive system testing. • Improving the user interface. • Improving the user experience. • Maintaining high data quality. • Adding advanced online services. • Improving electronic payment services. • Supporting automated vehicle registration. • Supporting driver record verification. • Providing user and employee training. • Providing continuous technical support. • Continuously monitoring system performance. • Considering cost and maintenance requirements. • Maintaining strong security and privacy. • Ensuring compliance with relevant requirements. Overall Project Summary The project focuses on improving the service level at the Traffic Department in the Ministry of Transportation. The main problem is that high demand, manual procedures, and limited service capacity can create long waiting times and reduce service efficiency. Previous studies showed that waiting can be reduced by improving work processes and increasing service capacity. The first previous study, C-Auto, used Lean Six Sigma and DMAIC to identify and reduce causes of delay. The second study used queueing theory and showed that increasing the number of service providers can significantly reduce queue length and waiting time. Based on these ideas, the project proposes a smartphone application for Traffic Department services. The application provides citizens with electronic access to services such as driving license renewal, new license applications, traffic violations, notifications, electronic payment, and communication. The system includes a mobile application, control panel, database, and possible connection with the government database. The application is designed using modern technologies such as Flutter, Adobe XD, Firebase/API, CMS, and MySQL. The system was tested through different cases, including driving license renewal, expired licenses, and new license applications. The results show that the proposed system can support the main service processes and improve service efficiency. The project concludes that digital services can help reduce manual procedures, unnecessary visits, and waiting, while improving access to government services. Further testing, user interface improvements, better data management, advanced services, technical support, security, and continuous system monitoring are recommended.
Smart agricultural robot
(Dr. khaled daoud, 2025-06-27) layan barq; rahaf aboalhuda
The smart agricultural robot aims to assist farmers in tilling their land. We designed and implemented this robot to increase agricultural production, improve crop quality, reduce human intervention, and lower operational costs. Our project integrates electronic and mechanical technologies with programming to automatically control tilling, planting, and irrigation processes. The robot tills the soil using a track mounted at its rear and plants seeds in a systematic manner, promoting plant growth. Additionally the robot measures soil moisture using humidity sensors and automatically activates water pumps when the moisture level falls below the required threshold. This helps maintain optimal conditions for crop growth and prevents drought. One of the most important components of the agricultural robot is a local web server, which allows us to control the robot's movement (forward, backward, right, left). The server also controls the plow's raising and lowering, as well as the water pump, which can be operated automatically (based on the humidity sensor) or manually. Furthermore, the server allows us to control the planting of seeds by opening and closing the servo
ASSESSING SEVERITY OF ISCHEMIC STROKE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AT EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS IN NABLUS, PALESTINE
(An-Najah National University, 2026-09-10) Abdurrahman, Mohammad
Abstract Background: ''Ischemic stroke'' is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, and its severity at presentation can influence clinical management and prognosis. ''The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)'' is widely used to quantify neurological impairment in patients with acute stroke. . Despite the importance of early assessment of stroke severity, limited evidence is available regarding factors associated with NIHSS-defined severity among patients presenting to emergency departments in Palestine. Objective: The study aimed to assess the severity of ischemic stroke and identify socio-demographic, clinical, and emergency department factors associated with NIHSS-defined stroke severity among patients presenting to emergency departments in Nablus, Palestine. Methods: A quantitative analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 61 patients with ischemic stroke presenting to emergency departments of selected hospital in Nablus, Palestine. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and clinical assessment, including the NIHSS and "Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)". Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant characteristics and NIHSS scores. Mann–Whitney U, Regression and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to examine bi-variate associations, while multiple linear regression was conducted to identify factors independently associated with NIHSS scores. Results: NIHSS scores ranged between 1 and 27 with an average of 9.89 ± 7.57. Among the study population, 32.8%, 42.6%, 8.2% and 16.4% suffered from minor, moderate, moderately severe and severe stroke respectively. NIHSS scores varied significantly based on several factors, both demographic, clinical and emergency room based. On multivariate regression analysis, TIA history, time to first evaluation from ED arrival and GCS score were significant predictors of NIHSS, while dyslipidemia showed marginal significance. Conclusion: This study showed that ischemic stroke severity NIHSS among patients presenting to emergency departments in Nablus mostly moderate with several clinical factors being related to higher NIHSS scores; Diabetes, atrial fibrillation chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, previous TIA or stroke and pre-stroke functional status were associated with greater severity. However, when the different factors we considered together, previous TIA, GCS previous at presentation and especially the time taken to perform the initial assessment were the main factors related to stroke severity. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing stroke early and assessing patients promptly and systematically in the emergency departments. Finally, further multicenter studies with large samples are recommended to confirm these findings and provide stronger evidence for stroke care
Robotic Nurse System
(Dr. Saed Tarapiah, 2026-06-15) Nora Qanazea Saifi; Ghada Qanazea
This project presents the design and implementation of a Robotic Nurse System intended to assist with basic flu assessment and wound treatment procedures. The system integrates sensor-based hardware exe- cution, event-driven software coordination, and image-based wound classification within a unified, modular architecture. A Raspberry Pi is used for high-level decision-making, workflow control, and user interaction, while an Arduino Mega handles all low-level actuation and sensor verification to ensure deterministic and safe physical behavior. The system incorporates multiple sensing modalities, including temperature, pulse oximetry, proximity detection, and vision-based wound classification using a YOLO-based model trained externally on a GPU- enabled environment. All actions are triggered explicitly through user input or hardware-originated events, with no autonomous or background execution. Experimental results demonstrate that the system operates reliably within its design constraints and achieves the intended functional objectives using primarily hobby-grade components and a limited training dataset. While further refinement is required for medical deployment, the project validates the feasibility of an event-driven robotic assistance framework and provides a scalable foundation for future development.
NutriPulse
(Dr. Khalid Daoud, 2026-01-27) Ghada Montaser Qanazea; Nora Montaser Qanazea
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle has become increasingly challenging due to unhealthy dietary habits, limited nutritional awareness, and the lack of personalized health monitoring tools. To address these challenges, this project presents NutriPulse, a smart health and nutrition tracking mobile application designed to help users monitor their dietary intake, physical activities, and overall health progress. The system integrates several key functionalities, including secure user authentication, personalized calorie calculation based on Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE), meal tracking, weight monitoring, and health progress visualization. Users can set specific goals such as weight loss, weight maintenance, or weight gain, and receive personalized nutrition plans accordingly. In addition, the application incorporates an AI-based food recognition feature that enables users to capture food images and automatically obtain nutritional information, including calories, protein, carbohydrates, and fat values. Furthermore, NutriPulse provides reminder notifications for water intake, meals, and weight tracking, while an administrative dashboard allows system administrators to manage users, recipes, and diet plans efficiently. The application aims to simplify health management by combining nutrition analysis, calorie tracking, progress monitoring, and intelligent food recognition within a single platform. The developed system provides users with an accessible and user-friendly solution for improving nutritional awareness, supporting healthier lifestyle choices, and facilitating long-term health management through personalized and data-driven insights.