Urban Planning Engineering
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- Itemتخطيط منطقة التطوير الحضري "جنين-طوباس" ضمن المخطط الوطني المكاني2050(2024) سندس اسماعيل المناصرهPreviously, the development of urban corridors was not used as a model or urban planning solution in the Palestinian context, despite its significant benefits and effectiveness in the planning field. Given the importance of these areas along the line connecting cities, the urban corridors solution was formally adopted by integrating it into the new National Spatial Plan 2050. A set of corridors, or "urban development areas," were proposed to be developed in the coming years, starting from today. The project aims to plan the Jenin-Tubas urban development area, one of the proposed development areas in the National Spatial Plan 2050. This research provides a model for what these urban development areas will look like and answers questions about their nature and importance in Palestinian planning. These areas work to enhance spatial plans and rejuvenate planning at the regional level, strengthen the connection between cities, and invigorate the corridors linking major cities and towns. This is particularly important due to the lack of planning for these areas in the Palestinian context and the need for integrated planning at both local and regional levels to enhance resilience and provide a cohesive planning approach. These urban development areas are crucial urban elements that play a significant role in the development of cities and towns, offering solutions to many issues such as traffic congestion, lack of services, and chaotic planning, thereby providing an organized and regulated solution for the area. The Jenin-Tubas urban corridor, located in the northern West Bank, was studied for its particular importance in strengthening the resilience of the north against occupation plans to divide and isolate it from its surroundings. This urban corridor is characterized by its agricultural and industrial nature and its significance in both fields. Additionally, it is easily accessible and holds religious, tourist, and educational importance, as it includes the Qabatiya quarries area, the American University area, and the plains of Tubas and Jenin.
- Itemإعادة التخطيط والتطوير الحضري لمدينة طولكرم(2024) العنود منصورPalestinian cities are experiencing many problems related to urban replanning and development. The most important of these problems are high traffic density and unequal distribution of services. Most cities also suffer from the problem of random planning, and that development precedes planning, which leads to many problems, so advance planning is important, in order to provide more realistic solutions regarding the future. I chose this project due to the need to shed light on the issue of urban replanning and development, and the necessity of developing solutions and assisting relevant parties in developing solutions to problems, and because urban replanning and development would be a good option to address these problems and connect areas to the city’s various neighborhoods. Urban replanning and development also include achieving economic and social goals, and it is an effective tool that addresses the social, environmental and economic conditions of communities. This research aims primarily to conduct a comprehensive study of the reality of Tulkarm city, to diagnose and analyze the reality of the city, and to identify the problems and needs it faces. It focuses on replanning and urban development of Tulkarm city, due to the presence of many opportunities and possibilities, the most important of which is the fact that Tulkarm city is a sub-regional center, in addition to the presence of many urban challenges and problems, the most important of which are attacks on high-value agricultural lands. And as a resident of the city, I have good experience with it. The project focuses on replanning and urban development through organizing, evaluating and distributing services in the city, and expanding the master plan in the northern and southern regions.
- Itemالتخطيط العمراني لمواجهة سياسات الإحتلال في ضواحي مدينة القدس، فلسطين – الرام نموذجا(2024) ساره فتيانThe current transitional phase that the Palestinian society is going through in the occupied Palestinian territories (the West Bank and Gaza Strip), especially after the Oslo Accords in 1994 and the subsequent partial Israeli withdrawals from Palestinian areas, despite Israel's continued seizure of land for the construction and expansion of Israeli settlements and the construction of bypass roads, as well as the reoccupation of most Palestinian cities and villages since the beginning of the Al-Aqsa Intifada in 2000 and the subsequent destruction of homes and infrastructure and the construction of the separation barrier on the borders of the West Bank, imposes a new reality and many challenges on Palestinian planning institutions (especially at the local level) and hinders the possibility of developing and implementing the required urban planning. The importance of the study lies in the necessity of shedding light on these neighborhoods and giving them planning priority as they have emerged in areas earmarked for future expansion of the city of Jerusalem, outside its administrative boundaries. There is a need to raise awareness and perception, and to direct the attention of society and responsible authorities towards this phenomenon, especially future generations, to work on limiting its spread, and then to develop a comprehensive action plan for the planning of these neighborhoods. The importance of the research lies in the following: 1. Jerusalem has political, religious, and national significance as it is the subject of the past, present, and future. 2. The scarcity of studies related to the outskirts of Jerusalem due to the Israeli complexities and obstacles that hinder the provision of comprehensive data and information, especially under the conditions experienced by Palestinians. 3. Establishing a database on the subject of integrated planning using urban modeling for the Ramallah area due to the lack of studies on this subject. 4. Studying the current situation of the village of Ram and the surrounding settlements, thus providing a comprehensive database that any local authority or researcher can benefit from. 5. Presenting a comprehensive spatial plan for the village and adjacent settlements based on scientific evidence and proof. The study aims in general to develop a new sustainable development planning system that regulates the relationship between the village and its surroundings, in addition to analyzing the general situation of the village of Ram and its surrounding settlements and its regional and local relations, studying the efficiency and suitability of land use distribution in the village of Ram and the surrounding settlements, and redistributing it in a sustainable manner. The main aim of the study is to highlight the impact of informal residential neighborhoods in area (C) on structural planning in the outskirts of Jerusalem, and the detailed objectives of the study are as follows: Starting from the general aim of establishing a sustainable planning system that regulates the relationship between the village of Ram and its surroundings, detailed objectives can be highlighted as follows: 1. Studying the phenomenon of informal residential neighborhoods in area (C), and its impact on structural planning in the outskirts of Jerusalem. 2. Identifying the patterns of emergence of informal residential neighborhoods and their causes. 3. Diagnosing the current situation of the study area and highlighting the most important problems it faces. 4. Analyzing the internal structure of the residential settlements located outside the wall and adjacent to it in Jerusalem (Ram) using factor analysis and data from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. 5. Proposing practical and realistic solutions to the existing problems aimed at organizing the planning process at the local level within a sustainable vision. The town has an important geographical location, as it serves as the regional center for 44 cities, connecting the north to the center of the West Bank and the towns and villages of the Jerusalem governorate, and hosts a large number of government and developmental entities. The central location of Ram also comes from its presence on the borders of the separation barrier, with part of it being inside the barrier. Ram contains a main street that separates its south from its north and between the built-up area and the quarries and quarries and connects Ram to two regional roads, one of which connects the Ramallah area with the south of the West Bank. Ram also contains a local street that separates the built-up area into a western part and an eastern part, and cuts through the built-up area from the center, making access to all areas easy.
- Itemموائمة ومحاكاة نظام الابنية والتنظيم 2011 للواقع الفلسطيني(2024) ساره شتيهThis graduation project aims to study and evaluate the suitability of the building and planning regulations from 2011 for the current situation in Palestine, with a special focus on the city of Salfit as a selected case study. The research aims to understand how this regulatory system deals with modern and rapidly emerging challenges and the current societal requirements. It will identify existing gaps in the current system and measure the extent of compliance among stakeholders To achieve these objectives, a comprehensive research methodology will be employed. Firstly, a thorough review of scientific sources and literature related to building and planning regulations in Palestine will be conducted to grasp its historical development and content. Subsequently, data will be collected from various sources, including relevant authorities and experts in the city. A meticulous field study will be carried out to identify deficiencies in the implementation of the regulations and assess their alignment with the current reality. The field study will involve surveys of different areas and buildings, collecting data on potential violations and infractions. Upon gathering and analyzing the data, the level of compliance with the building and planning regulations in Salfit will be evaluated. Statistical analysis will be used to identify strengths and weaknesses in the implementation process and address any hindrances encountered. Moreover, an analysis will be conducted to understand the reasons behind violations and infractions committed by some actors. At the end of the research, potential amendment proposals for the building and planning regulations in Palestine, particularly in Salfit, will be presented. The aim is to enhance their suitability for current challenges and strike a balance between the rapidly evolving societal needs and the preservation of the built environment and cultural heritage. Economic, social, and environmental factors will be taken into consideration when formulating these proposals. Consequently, these studies will serve as a valuable database for Salfit Municipality and lay the foundation for implementing a violations tracking system in the municipalities across Palestine. This research holds significance for the community and relevant authorities as it provides a better understanding of the current suitability of building and planning regulations and informs future policymaking and decision-making in this field
- Itemالتخطيط التكاملي البديل للاستيطان في منطقة رام الله الحضرية(2024) لانا يعيشUrban Areas worldwide face complex and entangled challenges due to uncontrolled, random urban expansion and increasing population growth, leading to the consumption of extensive agricultural land, increasing demand on natural resources, and loss of arable land. In the Palestinian context, the situation is notably different, as Israeli Settlement activities obstruct Palestinian development by confiscating land for Settlement construction. This exacerbates infrastructure deficiencies and intensifies pressure and the demand of available resources. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop sustainable solutions and strategies focusing on alternative planning to effectively address the realities of Settlement expansion. This study focuses on Ramallah and Al-Bireh Urban Area due to its significant and harsh Settlement issues and their adverse impact on urban development, making it more vulnerable compared to other Urban Areas in the West Bank. The project aims to advance and emphasize the concept of alternative Planning, which seeks to enhance Palestinian resilience and transform the current Settlement situation into a promising future filled with hope and development. Additionally, it aims to improve resources availability and infrastructure to meet the needs of both current and future populations, and support sustainable development despite existing challenges. The research addresses two scenarios, each elaborating a fundamental phase integrated with the surrounding environment on all levels. The first scenario (2024–2035) deals with adapting to the cruel settlement reality by developing master plans within the study area that integrate with external Master Plans. The second scenario (up to 2050) addresses the absence of occupation by preparing a Framework Plan for Spatial Development, focusing on utilizing and reusing Israeli Settlements in both the near and distant future, and includes preparing a detailed plan for re-planning a significant Settlement within the study area. This research will contribute to achieving the primary vision and objectives by mitigating various problems and challenges through optimal spatial utilization, enhancing functional integration, balancing services, and improving quality of life through sustainability and innovative technology by proposing developmental projects. It offers a comprehensive perspective that supports adaptation and growth despite challenges. Furthermore, the study aims to serve as an inspiration and guide for other urban areas and Palestinian cities, empowering Palestinians to confront political and other challenges and contribute to achieving their aspirations for a better future.