Plant Production and Protection
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- ItemEffect of Different Salinity Levels on In Vitro and Ex Vitro Growth of Potato(2016) Abu - Madi, Ahmed; Nawsreh, Ali; Arfat, Mutaz; Bani Odeh, Musab; Abu qaoud, HassanSolanum tuberosum cv. Sponta explants grown in vitro on MS media, , were subjected to 4 NaCl treatments. Meanwhile potato plants of two weeks age were subjected to the same levels of NaCl in the green house, growth and development of the plants and explants were analyzed. Plants were highly sensitive to salt treatment, both biomass and tuber production were influenced significantly. Salinity is one of the major abiotic constraints that severely affect the productivity of agricultural crops in arid and semiarid regions Salt stress limits yield of crops by 1. Affecting the metabolism of plants and causes important modification in different biochemical and molecular processes (Allakhverdiev et al., 2000). 2. It can activate certain photosynthetic enzymes activity causing decomposition of membrane structures (Meloni et al., 2003). 3. Rate of photosynthesis and respiration in crop plants is severely interfered causing reduced plant growth and low productivity at high salts (Silva et al., 2001; Zhang et al., 2005; Fidalgo, 2004). 4. Higher level of salinity disrupts plant roots making water deficiency, nutrients imbalance by altering uptake and transport, ionic stress by higher Na + and Cl- accumulation, (Munns, 2002). 5. Severe yield reduction in many crops has also been reported by Zhu (2007). FAO suggested that approximately 6% of the world’s total arable and 20% of irrigated land is affected by high salinity (FAO, 2008). Extensive breeding and selection in potato for traits other than abiotic stress tolerance have resulted in cultivars that are considered moderately salt tolerant (FAO, 2010). The study of plant salt tolerance through tissue culture to identify crop sensitivity seems to be a fruitful and short time approach
- ItemUse of microorganism as a biofertilizer on bean(2016) Bdeir, Lara; Adawi, Amer; Omar, Lama; Al Faris, HibaLegumes (Leguminosae) are economically important crop, Legumes are a high quality, protein-rich animal feed and whole some source of nutrition for people; moreover, they are a valuable crop in different crop rotation systems. Legumes are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen up to 250 kg ha-1, thus reducing the load on the agro fertilizer.
- ItemSmart Hydronic(2016) Ayoub, Mohammad; Abu qaoud, HassanOne of the modern methods of agriculture is hydroponics which is a method of growing plants that takes advantage of this fact by providing all of the nutrients, in their inorganic form, in a liquid solution with or without solid media. Industrial applications of hydroponics have been developed for crops such as lettuce which used in this project.
- ItemThe detection of the most suitable salinity adapted barley cultivar(2017) Salman, Subhi; Shtaya, MonqezBarley is the 4th planted plant in the international rank .during to its economical , industrial benefits . Barley is one of the most plant that adapted to the saline water and soil . Barley crop adapted to the dry areas .Because of this benefits we decided to determine which is the best landraces VAR in the saline conditions.
- Itemمدى انتشار ذبابة أوراق و أغصان الزيتون في مناطق شمال الضفة الغربية خلال عام 2018(2018-05-13) طحاينة, أكرم; زيدان, يزن; سليمان, صهيب; صوافطة, النمر; بدوي, داليا; بطة, يعقوبتعد أشجار الزيتون من المحاصيل الزراعية الرئيسية في الأراضي الفلسطينية ، وتعتبر هذه الشجرة الأكثر انتشارا بالمقارنة مع أشجار الفاكهة الأخرى حيث تشكل مساحة أكثر من 80% من مساحة الأشجار المثمرة . أما بالنسبة لأصناف الزيتون الرئيسية المستخدمة في الأراضي الفلسطينية فهي : شملالي ، جيع ، منزلينو ، نبالي بلدي ، نبالي محسن ، شامي ، سوري , وقد أظهرت دراسة بأن النبالي البلدي و النبالي المحسن هي السائدة بين أصناف أشجار الزيتون المتنامية في الضفة الغربية . أما أهم الآفات التي تصيب أشجار الزيتون فهي : ذبابة ثمار الزيتون , سوسة أغصان الزيتون , ذبابة أوراق و أغصان الزيتون . ذبابة أوراق و أغصان الزيتون تصيب هذه الحشرة بشكل أساسي أوراق الزيتون مسببة تدرنات عليها وتهاجم الأغصان وتسبب وجود تدرنات على قشرة الأغصان , مما يؤدي إلى جفاف الأوراق وتساقطها وجفاف الأغصان المصابة و تفقد هذه الأغصان قوتها , كما أنها تهاجم العناقيد الزهرية مسببة تدرنات على سيقان عناقيد الثمار مما يسبب إجهاضها .
- ItemThe Effect Of Salicylic Acid On Cucumber(2018-05-13) Al-Fares, Ansam; Jabi, Abdullah; Qarash, Donia; Sakhen, Weal; Daragmeh, Omar; Howari, Nidal; Ayoub, Mohammad; Al-Fares, HebaCucumber “Cucumis sativus “ is one of the famous and a widely cultivated vegetable plant in Palestine and in worldwide , it is belongs to the ground family of “ Cucurbitaceae “ genus of “ Cucumis “. Salicylic acid is a phenolic phytohormone and is found in plants with roles in plant growth and development, photosynthesis, transpiration, ion uptake and transport. SA has the formula C6H4(OH)COOH.
- ItemGrowing Beneficial Bacteria on Different Levels of Salinity(2018-05-16) Atawnah, Waleed; Mansour, Hamza; Ateeq, Mahmoud; Khlaif, Ayman; Zakef, Osama; Al-Fares , HebaThere is several types of micro organisims, ones are can cause harm and others are beneficial as: EM1, Bacillus megaterium(BM) or Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF).
- ItemMicropropagation of GF-677 rootstocks (Prunus amygdalusx P. persica)(2018-05-16) Marab, Osama; Abad, Taj aldeen; Qalalweh, Mohammed; Rabaya, Alaa; Abu Qauod , HassanGF-677 is one of the most suitable rootstocks for almond and peach used in calcareous soils to overcome lime-induced chlorosis. This hybrid produces strong roots and has a good potential for pests and diseases.
- ItemUsing Yeast in Tomato Production(2018-05-16) Atawnah, Waleed; Mansour, Hamza; Ateeq, Mahmoud; Khlaif, Ayman; Zakef, Osama; Al-Fares , HebaTomato considered one of the most important vegetables in Palestine, so there is many efforts to improve its yield and properties as producing new cultivares,to improve the surrounding environment and in our case using microorganisms.
- ItemThe Effect of Salinity and Bacteria on Wheat Emergence(2018-05-16) Howari, Nidal; Qarash, Donia; Ayoub, Mohammad; Sakhen, Wael; Daragmeh, Omar; Al-Fares, Ansam; Jabi, Abdullah; Al-Fares , HebaWheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. Salinity is one of the most brutal environmental factors limiting the productivity of crop plants because most of the crop plants are sensitive to salinity caused by high concentrations of salts in the soil, and the area of land affected by it is increasing day by day. Salinity acts to inhibit plant access to soil water by increasing the osmotic strength of the soil solution. To solve this problem with salinity we use two type of bacteria: Pesudomouns Florscens, Bacillus Megaterium on two cultivars of wheat White hetiah ,Yellow hetiah.Under three concentration of salt 0,4,and 8 ds/m.
- ItemEffect of Bacteria on Germination of Barley Grown Under Wide Salt Range Stress(2018-05-16) Sakhen, Wael; Daragmeh, Omar; Al-Fares, Ansam; Qarash, Donia; Jabi, Abdullah; Howari, Nidal; Ayoub, Mohammad; Al-Fares , HebaBarley is the fourth most important cereal crop in the world after Wheat, Maize and rice. Barley originated in or near the area bordering Syria and Iraq with Iran and Turkey ( fertile crescent). Barley can adapted under semiarid condition and most tolerance cereal for extream condition of salinity and drought. Barley economic importance: Barley was mainly cultivated and used for human food. Producing malt(beer). Nowadays its primarily use for animal feed. Salinity is a problem of great concern. This problem restricts crops yield on almost 40 million hectares of irrigated lands, due increasing worlds population and food need, it is recommended to use all available soil and water resources. Many studies confirmed the inhibitory effect of salinity on the germination, vegetative growth and yield of barley and other crops.
- ItemThe Effect of Salinity on Chlorophyll Content, Relative Water Content and Growth of Local Wheat Landraces(2018-12-24) Yasin, Ahmad; Fatoom, Jawad; Jebreen, Muntaser; Shtaya, MunqesWheat is one of the most ancient cultivated cereals. It is the first most important cereal crop in the world. The total cultivated area in the world is 218543071 ha producing 35312 hg/ha.The total cultivated area in Palestine is 15489 ha producing 22301 hg/ha.Salinity and drought are serious environmental constraint to crop production.
- ItemThe Response of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Seedling to Foliar Application of Cultar (Paclobutrazol) Under Controlled Conditions(2018-12-24) Saeed, Hisham; Qteet, Husni; Melhem, Ansam; Shtayeh, Ramez; Mansor, Saif; Qubbaj, TawfiqTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) belongs to the Solanaceae family, considered as one of the most widely grown vegetable in the world, with a very high daily consumption compared to other vegetables. Tomato has being also recognized as a rich source of vitamins and minerals; 100 gm fresh tomato contains 3.5 gm carbohydrate, 0.98 gm protein, 0.50 gm β-carotene, 0.35 mg iron and 10-100 mg ascorbic acid (Rashid, 1993).
- ItemEffect of Treated Municipal Wastewater on Growth and Yield of Local Wheat Cultivars(2019-05-19) Yaseen, Khalid; Abdelraheem, Waed; Hannoun, Yahya; Shtaya, MunqesWater shortage in Palestine, is very serious The agriculture sector is a major consumer of groundwater. Wastewater reuse was identified to solve the water shortage problem in Palestine. Wheat is one of the most ancient cultivated cereals. The total cultivated area in the world is 218543071 ha producing 35312 hg/ha The total cultivated area in Palestine is 15489 ha producing 22301 hg/ha
- ItemEffects of Plant Natural Substances as an Edible Coating on Physio-Chemical Properties Changes in Storage (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruits During Room Temperature Storage.(2019-05-23) Barakat, Dorgham; Daraghmeh, Hesham; Mubaslat, Ahmad; Qubbaj, TawfiqTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is ranked in the top three crops cultivated in Palestine with annual yield of 220 thousand tons cultivated in around 17 thousand dunums (FAOstat, 2017).Tomatoes classified as a climacteric fruits and have a short shelf-life usually 5 – 7 days.
- ItemA Study of Stem Rot Disease Caused by Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum on Eggplants Grown in Plastic-houses and its Control(2020-07-01) DaQah, Rashed; Abu Rumailah, Najah; Tubeh, Anwar; Batta, YaqoubSclerotinia sclerotiorum de Bary is a Major of soil borne plant pathogen, it belongs to the Order: Heliotiales , Subclass : Euascomycetes , Class : Ascomycetes. This fungus is responsible for causing root, crown, and stem rot, Heavy planting and moist and cool environments (Optimum temperatures for growth range from 15 to 21 ℃) will produce an abundance of mycelium and sclerotia (plant pathology / NNU2016) Symptoms of infection are in the form of growths of cottony yarn? fungal white in color in the sites of injury, and then expand to include parts of the injury area.In addition to that, there is withering of leaves and their staying in contact with the affected branches, as well as attacking the fungus of the affected branch marrow and noticing the massive growth of fungal growths and the appearance of black stone bodies in the affected areas . Control of disease on crops can depend greatly on cultural, biological, and chemical practices, Cultural practices include planting crops at lower densities and higher row spacing to promote air circulation and create microclimates, and use resistance cultivars.
- ItemBiology and Management of Downy Mildew Disease on Cucumber Grown Under Plastic-house Conditions(2020-07-02) Draghmeh, Ahmad; Awashra, Hassan; Abu Saif, Hisham; Mezyed, Osaid; Batta, YaqoubCucurbit downy mildew caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis is currently the most destructive disease of cucumbers for both field and glass-house production in Europe and elsewhere (Lebeda 1984). Knowing the biology and ecology of the pathogen may serve in preventing the disease and in knowing the basic abiotic factor influencing infection with P. cubensis is the free leaf moisture
- ItemGrowing Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus on Different Substrates(2020-08-27) Ishtayah, Deemah; Abu Alia, Alia; Ghadban, Renas; Dakrok, Mohammad; Rashaedah, Saleh; Eid, Islam; Shtaya, MunqezThe objective of the project is to investigate the cultivation of Oyster mushroom on different agricultural substrates.
- ItemCleft grafting of almond and apricot onto GF677 rootstock(2021-05-27) Badran, Sameer; Abd, Yaseen; Mashni, RaneenRecently, stone fruit plantation has been is increased in the West Bank , mainly under treated waste water, therefore there is a need for producing stone fruit trees, the attributes of the GF rootstock make is appropriate for our soil and climate conditions, as well as irrigation. propagating of the GF is difficult and has to be through different technique, the rootstock is difficult to be imported , and there are many restrictions to purchase it from Israel, therefore, producing the GF rootstock commercially is vital and important to support fruit tree plantation in the West Bank.