CNC System for Wood and Plastic Engraving
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Date
2025
Authors
Adham Yaqoub
Yazan Edaily
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Abstract
CNC carving machines play a significant role in modern industries and crafts, particularly in
fields such as woodworking, plastic fabrication, and artistic engraving. This project presents the
design and implementation of a CNC machine dedicated to carving and engraving on wood and
plastic materials with high precision. The system operates on three axes (X, Y, Z) controlled by
an Arduino microcontroller integrated with the GRBL Web interface via a serial connection. This
interface facilitates essential functions such as defining the carving dimensions, adjusting
operational settings, and converting digital designs into G-code instructions for seamless
execution.
The project was developed through several phases: starting with the mechanical design of the
three-axis structure and base, followed by programming the Arduino controller and testing the
axis movements to ensure accuracy. Subsequently, the system was integrated with the GRBL
Web platform, enabling users to upload designs, convert them into G-code, and manage the
machine efficiently. Final testing focused on achieving reliable communication between
hardware and software components to deliver optimal carving performance on both wood and
plastic. Unlike conventional CNC systems, this project emphasizes ease of use and adaptability,
making it suitable for small workshops, prototyping, and custom artistic production.