Grass Blade
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Date
2025
Authors
Ahmad Dweikat
Ibraheem Qadi
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Journal ISSN
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Abstract
The project entails designing and implementing Grass Blade, an autonomous robotic
system for mowing grassy football areas. Through integrating mechanical, electronic, and
software components, it provides efficient and labor-saving solutions for lawn
maintenance, with remote control facilities being one of them. Some of its features
include obstacle detection and avoidance, adjustable blade height, and a mobile app
interface for control.
The controller for the Grass Blade robot uses Arduino Mega 2560 with four NEMA 23
stepper motors for walking and a NEMA 17 stepper motor for blade height adjustments.
It detects obstacles through ultrasonic sensors, while wireless communication to the
phone is facilitated with a Bluetooth module; the app was built with RemoteXY Platform.
The robot runs in a manual or automatic mode; in manual mode, the user can control the
direction using the app, whereas, in automatic mode, it will navigate on its own using the
sensor feedback system. In this automatic mode, it follows a row-based pattern, notices
obstacles, overtakes these obstacles by taking any available clear channel, and returns on
the row for mowing after this maneuvering. A leadscrew mechanism was chosen for the
vertical adjustment of the cutting blades to ensure precision, and buzzers, along with
LEDs, were included as safety features to alert users.