CNC Machine
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Date
2017
Authors
Basheer, Esam
Albarham, Naser
Ahmad, Moatasem
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Abstract
The Computer Numeric Control (CNC) is a technology which aims to generate, parse and exec ute sequential actions that describe the behavior of the end shape. This article reports the develo pment small sized prototype CNC machine, based on a modular system with the capability of c ommunication through USB. It is also reported the development of the basic electronic devices to run a CNC machine and proposes, as well, a software to establish the communication betwe en the machine and the computer. The main objective of this work is design CNC plotter that ca n bring the picture from the computer as G-Code and send it to Arduino to draw on paper
CNC Machining is a process used in the manufacturing sector that involves the use of computer s to control machine tools. Tools that can be controlled in this manner include lathes, mills, rout ers and grinders. The CNC in CNC Machining stands for Computer Numerical Control.
On the surface, it may look like a normal PC controls the machines, but the computer's unique s oftware and control console are what really sets the system apart for use in CNC machining.
Under CNC Machining, machine tools function through numerical control. A computer progra m is customized for an object and the machines are programmed with CNC machining languag e (called G-code) that essentially controls all features like feed rate, coordination, location and s peeds. With CNC machining, the computer can control exact positioning and velocity. CNC ma chining is used in manufacturing both metal and plastic parts.
First a CAD drawing is created (either 2D or 3D), and then a code is created that the CNC mac hine will understand. The program is loaded and finally an operator runs a test of the program t o ensure there are no problems.
There are many advantages to using CNC Machining. The process is more precise than manual machining, and can be repeated in exactly the same manner over and over again. Because of the precision possible with CNC Machining, this process can produce complex shapes that would be almost impossible to achieve with manual machining. CNC Machining is used in the produc tion of many complex three-dimensional shapes. It is because of these qualities that CNC Mach ining is used in jobs that need a high level of precision or very repetitive tasks.
If you are considering a career in CNC Machining, it would be useful to have a background in mathematics, industrial arts and mechanical drafting, as well as computer usage.
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We aim to implement a prototype for this machine.
This prototype will do many operations, the first operation is drawing, and the machine will be used to draw designs, images and graphics from the computer on paper, using the Arduino.
The second is milling, which is the process of cutting and shaping materials into a desired part. In our prototype we will use the machine to cut and shape wood in any shape we design.
The third is drilling, which can be described as a process in which a cutting tool of fixed diamet er is fed into a work piece. It is a very simple operation and the resulting holes share a diameter with the size of the cutting tool, drilling can only performed in axil direction.
There are many operations can be done by CNC machine, our goal is to perfume some of this o peration in our prototype.