Improvement of Clayey Soil Using Egg Shell Powder and Quarry Dust
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Date
2019
Authors
Suhad Dauod Thabet
Waad Zaher Thiab
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Abstract
In this project we will study many problems in soil such as: land sliding, collapsible soil, landfill, cavities, and swelling.
We will focus on swelling and do many experiments in order to enhance its properties.
Civil engineering includes the analysis, design and construction of several structures and systems. All of these structures such as dams, tunnels, bridges, buildings, highways, are built on, in, or with soil or rock. Thus, studying the behavior of soil and rock at the location of any project is very essential and it’s a major influence on the success, economy and safety of the work.
The main purpose of this project is to identify some problems that may found in soil such as sliding and cavities or may done from the action of human such as landfills, also to identify expansive soil in details, in order to identify its characteristics which leads later to find solution.
Chapter Two deals with identifying some soil difficulties such as land sliding, landfills, and cavities. The first section is about land sliding, it contains definition of landslide, types and causes of landslide, and mitigation techniques to prevent and/or reduce landslide by real time monitoring system.
The second section of this chapter identify the problem of building on former landfills, this section includes a summary review of the definition of landfill, also it includes a summary of the definition of sanitary landfill and how it differs from other landfills, also it contains different type of waste that may found on landfills, in addition to that some sections talk about landfill closure, redevelopment and settlement of waste on landfill.
The third section is a general review for cavities for its definition, how to detect cavities either using gravimetry or seismic velocity, also it deals with karsts formation from its geographical distribution and geomorphological forms of caves, and how to improve soil with cavities.
The main purpose of the Third Chapter is to study expansive soil from geotechnical point of view. It includes mainly five sections. The first section is a general introduction of expansive soil, region that have expansive soil, reasons for its occurrence, and reasons to study this problem. The second section is a detailed review of different physical and chemical properties of clay soil. The third section is a revision for the common test used to identify expansive soil. The fourth section is about classification of expansive soil due to practical charts. The fifth section is talk about problems due to expansive soil.
Chapter Four gives a detailed review of egg shell powder and quarry dust properties. The first section is a general introduction. The second section describes the characteristics of egg shell powder and comparison between lime and egg shell powder. Quarry dust is described in details in the third section. The fourth section is a literature review.
Laboratory tests results and their analysis are presented in Chapter Five. The tests were made are Atterberg limit tests for 10%,15%,20%,25% egg shell powder and then for 25% egg shell powder with 5%,10%,15% quarry dust, also optimum moisture content and maximum dry unit weight were calculated using empirical formulas. Also, Direct shear test was made to study the change in cohesion and friction of the sample when adding egg shell powder and quarry dust.