Industrial Engineering
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- ItemImplementing Lean Six Sigma DMAIC Methodology in AL-Hijaz Chocolate(2027-03-17) Batool Almasri; Nour Al-Asaad; Sara Masri; Tuqa DaraghmehAbstract This project aims to implement the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology to enhance operational efficiency in the One Shot production line at Al-Hijaz Chocolate Factory (HCF). The primary goal is to reduce setup time, improve production readiness, minimize operational waste, and enhance overall productivity. The Define phase has been completed through problem identification, scope clarification, and detailed project charter development. Measurements were conducted on downtime events, changeovers, and machine setup durations, revealing an average setup time ranging between 125–150 minutes per day, significantly exceeding the expected standard. Based on the analysis conducted through the DMAIC framework, the study identified the key factors driving setup time variability, particularly frequent changeovers and inconsistent preparation practices. The findings highlight that the current setup process operates with high variation and lacks statistical control, resulting in extended setup durations and reduced line availability. The results of this study provide a clear baseline of current performance and support data-driven decision making for controlling setup time and enhancing process stability. Keywords: Lean Six Sigma (LSS), DMAIC, Chocolate Industry, Standard Operating Procedures (Sop), Waste Reduction
- ItemAnalysis and Development of an Improved Maintenance Management System for the Applied Engineering Laboratories at An-Najah National University(2026-02-01) Jihad Imran; Ro’a Okal; Deema Ismail; Mohammad Ameerah; Yousef KawaAbstract Effective maintenance management is critical for laboratories in the field of education, where equipment reliability directly impacts educational quality, research output, and operational safety. This project aimed to analyze and develop an improved Maintenance Management System (MMS) for the Applied Engineering Laboratories at An Najah National University. The methodology involved data collection from multiple sources to support the analysis: semi-structured interviews with 5 key MMS roles, on-site observations and semi-structured questionnaire that was completed by all 18 laboratory technicians, representing the full population of direct and frequent users. Data were analyzed via SPSS and are presented in this report. The analysis revealed significant gaps. The lowest average score (3.06 on 5-point Likert scale) was recorded for the item questioning whether technicians receive sufficient training to operate machines and equipment. Furthermore, the second lowest average (3.11) was recorded for the item asking whether there are clear preventive maintenance (PM) plans, confirming a predominantly reactive maintenance culture. To address these gaps, we recommend centralizing maintenance operations and implementing a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS). A pilot was conducted, with three Industrial Engineering laboratories under Program was chose and fully deployed into Smart CMMS, enabling tracking, scheduling PM plans and generating analytical reports on equipment downtime and maintenance costs, providing crucial data for budget justification and strategic planning. Proper use of the equipment prolongs equipment life, and increases efficiency. We also propose using EON-XR platform to offer standardized, immersive, and archived training for staff. Together, these solutions are designed to improve technician competence, transition maintenance to a proactive model, and increase longevity and efficiency.
- ItemASSESSMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF SERVICES IN PALESTINIAN MUNICIPALITIES: THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AS A MEDIATOR(An - Najah National University, 2025-11-06) Somaya Radi Ahmad AssoudMunicipalities are critical in the provision of necessary public services in the local governance context, but due to operational limits, organizational resources, and political instabilities, their performance is likely to be affected. This study aims to investigate how Risk Management Practices (RMP) can influence Quality of Services (QoS) among Palestinian municipalities and assess the effect of Organizational Culture (OC) as a mediator. A quantitative study design was used, and a self-administered questionnaire was deployed to senior municipal officials throughout the West Bank. SmartPLS was used to examine 135 valid responses in order to test the hypotheses of the structural model proposed and the hypotheses of the study itself. The findings indicate that the level of service quality is high, but the practices of both RMP and OC are moderate. Also, the findings indicate that RMP does not substantially influence the level of the QoS; however, it produces a positive and significant indirect impact on the latter via OC, which is an example of its mediating effect. It implies that the success of efforts toward risk management in terms of delivering positive service results is highly dependent on the robustness of organizational culture in the municipalities, namely, coherent work practices, norms shared, and supportive leadership. Organizational culture is highlighted as a critical component in promoting service quality in the event of a conflict and resource shortage, thus adding to the theoretical debates on risk management in the area of the public sector. The implications of the findings can be applied in practice by policy-makers and local authorities, who need to enhance an organizational culture of effective risk management that would result in more stable, uniform, and responsive services. Keywords: Risk management practices (RMP), organizational culture (OC), quality of services (QoS), public sector, Palestinian municipalities
- ItemAnalytical study for establishing a branch of Al Naseem Exchange Company Prepared by: KaramMurshed Mahmoud Naqeeb Taima Abdullah Khaled Zakarneh Supervisor Name:(2025-08-19) KaramMurshed; Mahmoud Naqeeb; Taima Abdullah; Khaled ZakarnehAbstract This study explores the strategic issues and challenges limiting the development of currency exchange companies in the northern West Bank, with a special focus on transforming Al-Naseem Exchange into a model financial institution. The currency exchange sector is composed of financial entities that buy and sell currencies for individuals and businesses according to market fluctuations, offering secure and fast services while complying with legal and regulatory frameworks. The research aimed to build a clear strategic vision through a comprehensive feasibility study to improve Al-Naseem Exchange’s performance and competitiveness at the local, regional, and international levels. A quantitative descriptive-analytical approach was employed. Data was collected from 20 randomly selected family-owned exchange companies, and a customer-focused questionnaire was distributed to evaluate client satisfaction and service expectations. Data analysis was conducted using Excel. In the second phase of the project, a SWOT analysis was conducted to assess Al-Naseem Exchange’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats compared to its competitors. Additionally, a detailed customer survey was conducted to evaluate multiple dimensions of service quality, such as tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The questionnaire also addressed customer satisfaction, security concerns, and suggestions for service improvement. The results revealed that most currency exchange companies still rely heavily on traditional channels and offer limited service diversification. The survey findings highlighted gaps between customer expectations and actual service delivery, particularly in digital accessibility and speed. Based on these insights, a strategic development plan was proposed to enhance Al-Naseem Exchange's digital infrastructure, diversify services, improve staff training, and strengthen cybersecurity measures. This study contributes valuable insights into customer behavior, operational gaps, and strategic planning in the currency exchange sector, offering a roadmap for sustainable growth and service excellence.
- ItemSustainability analysis -best practices development and improvement(2025-07-31) Wasan Daraghmeh; Sara Na’na; Shahed keyed; Qais MalhisAbstract This project aims to evaluate and enhance the sustainability practice at the "Piece of Cake" factory for pastry manufacturing in Nablus, Palestine, through the integration of social, economic, and environmental factors to realize operational sustainability and competitive performance enhancement. The study begins with a general background of sustainability principles, emphasizing its three pillars and anchoring it on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals as an operational framework. Detailed site assessment was carried out including initial data collection using questionnaires, interviews, and site observation in addition to documentation review and treatment reports. International standards such as ISO 14001 (Environmental Management), ISO 46001 (Water Efficiency), and guidelines of OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health) were utilized for assessing compliance and performance. The evaluation included consideration of the social sustainability dimension, highlighting occupational health and safety practice and community involvement, with suggestions for areas of improved documentation and regular training. The economic pillar showed significant cost savings through the adoption of an electric delivery truck, which reduced fuel costs from approximately 3,000 ILS per month to around 600 ILS per month, and optimized logistics routes to improve operating efficiency by reducing delivery times by about 20%. Environmental audit revealed an absence of explicit environmental policies, low recycling of waste (only 10% of waste was recycled), reliance on traditional energy sources, and a nascent scheme to install solar energy, which is expected to cover 20% of energy needs. Comprehensive examination of water and energy consumption was done by taking inventory of electrical devices, estimating usage, and reconciling with actual utility bills. Energy consumption was reduced by approximately 15% after implementing energy-efficient practices, while water consumption was approximately 33.6 cubic meters per month based on faucet usage, with an average monthly bill indicating a consumption of around 29.78 cubic meters. Visual inspection of energy flow via Sankey diagram helped in the identification of high-power-consuming devices, which accounted for 70% of total energy use, on which energy savings can be made. Waste disposal was basic with no established recycling process, and materials used for packaging rely heavily on conventional plastics, a fact that promotes shifting to biodegradable substitutes. The solutions to such issues involve exchanging outdated machinery with their energy-efficient counterparts, installing smart meters, adopting the 5S organizational philosophy to enhance cleanliness in the workplace and utilization of resources, and increasing workers' consciousness of environmentally friendly behavior. The project discovers that while "Piece of Cake" has a smooth well-organized operation and utilization of newest technologies, there still exist vital environmental strategy loopholes, management of resources, and social welfare schemes. With the inclusion of the proposed adjustments, the operation will become more efficient, save money, and be 7 long-term sustainably because it meets global development goals. This study provides an effective model for small and medium enterprises to incorporate sustainability into regular business using systematic planning, continuous review, and stakeholder engagement to promote sustainable industrial development.