Architecture

Permanent URI for this collection

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11888/3185

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 64

The Activation Mechanisms of Community Participation in Architectural and urban Conservation (Case Study of the West Bank)
(2009) Ayman Azmi Jubran Saadeh; Dr. Mohammed Ata Yousef; Dr. Iman Al Amad
This study addressed the issue of community participation in architectural and urban conservation projects from both the conceptual and applied theme, through analyze and understand the concept of architectural conservation, the concept of community participation, and analysis of the relation between the two former concepts associated as a multi-disciplinary subject, and also analyzed the interaction of the community and such projects in varying degrees of community participation, through analyzing case studies from outside Palestine, compared with other cases in Palestine. Among many challenges posed by the conservation projects in the theoretical and practical framework, and multiple models on the ground that each conservation project is a particular case. The study aimed to understand the nature of community participation as a relatively new method, and to shed light on the models and theories which examine the theme of community participation, and analysis of the experiences of local conservation in the light of the previous studies and cases. The study concludes that there is a difference in the concept of community participation in conservation projects, but eventually leads to include the citizens in a positive state, and also shows that in general there is no citizen control power among the implementation of projects. Also the study concludes the diversity of the needed objectives of popular participation according to each case, and concludes that the conservation of architectural and urban heritage alive requires the activation of community participation and adopting it as a method for implementation of these projects.
Analyzing And Evaluating The Ralaces Rehabilitation Projects Of The Throne Villages In Palestine
(2011) Hamzeh Muharram "Moh'd Said" AL-Najjar; Dr. Haitham Al-Ratrout
This study discusses the rehabilitation's approaches of the historical buildings in Palestinian rural areas, In light of different views and opinions relevant to restoration issues and its concepts. This research basically aims to evaluating the rehabilitation projects of palaces in the throne villages as a case study. Through studying and analyzing to what extent these relevant to the international recommendations and investigate its successfulness. It is possible to draw policies of architectural rehabilitation projects in Palestine. This research investigates the development of restoration concepts and architectural conservation. It also discusses the international recommendation on protecting the architectural and cultural heritage. The study elaborate on the Palestinian projects on the rehabilitation of palaces in the throne villages; i.e. studying the steps of rehabilitation which were made and investigating that experience by comparing it with international recommendations. Finally, this research reached to a conclusion that the executed rehabilitation projects in Palestine shows a challenge to work under certain circumstances and constrains, but the leading authorities in the field have a lack in experience to generate comprehensive plan on how to conserve the architectural heritage. So as to develop the rehabilitation projects of the historical buildings in Palestine in the future, it is possible to make use of the advantages and avoid disadvantages which were found from this study. In general projects of conservation in Palestine and experience are still promising and in its first stages. This needs more support and contribution in relevant fields.
Architectural Education in Palestine
(2012) Areej Ezzat Mustafa Afeefy; Dr.Khaled Qamhieh
This study highlights the importance of architectural education in the Palestinian universities to keep it up with the latest developments in technology. The study sought primarily to improve the architectural education in Palestine to make it highly competitive in Arab and international market. Because of that, the reality of architectural education in Palestine has been studied through the analysis of the curriculum requirements of several architectural engineering departments at Palestinian universities in general, and in An-Najah University in particular as a case study. The study aims primarily to achieve the policies and methodologies of modern education, as well as progress in building of a new architectural thought and its associated practice and create job opportunities. In order to achieve integration with society and its issues, it requires development in the restructuring process of teaching and studied courses to elevate the future of the architectural practice. The study indicates a lack of the practical side, compared with the good level of graduates at the theoretical side. It is essential to create a strong link to the community by creating true partnerships with the departments of architecture. The study recommends the development of the both administrative and educational aspects, and the need for integration between all the parties to the educational process: teachers - students - curriculum - methods of teaching - educational spaces - equipment and teaching aids, as well as the local community for the advancement of architectural education, in accordance to the international standards and accreditation programs.
Architectural Ornamentation of the Ottoman Palaces in the Old Town of Nablus / Analytical Study
(2010) Hanadi Sameer Kanaan; Dr. Haitham Al-Ratrout
The architectural legacy represents the spiritual symbol which expresses the nation identity in thinking and culture However; it’s reflection of social, political, economic and religious life. Thus, the old Islamic buildings were the reflection of whole, natural people's life either, among its normal houses or its mosques or its bathes or its palaces. Thus, this legacy is a completely related perfect job which should be taken care of in every way, either in using the practical ways as repairing or by registration for those buildings. The importance of this study that it's an analyzing and documentary study for architectural ornamentation of Ottoman Palaces in the old city of Nablus, and this city doesn't have like this study, especially the study of ornamentation and decorations that are found is these palaces. Taking in consideration that some of these ornaments lost their value in many ways, for example, they were damaged by many factors because of that, there should be a necessity for a reference to document, registrant and analyze these decorations. Thus, this study concentrated in particular way, on three Ottoman palaces in the old city of Nablus, and they are Al-nimr palace, Touqan palace and Abdelhadi palace, because there palaces are the biggest in Nablus, also, these palaces belonged to the richest and most powerful families that controlled Nablus, and these families had social, political, and economic powers which reflected over their palaces, so these palaces were well-known for their wonderful decorations. So this study points to many important results, such as, the ornaments which were used in there palaces connected powerfully with the Islamic architecture and they expressed original Islamic thinking, among their symbols, and these tiles weren't random in its shapes, places, even though, it was noticed that there tiles repeated themselves in the same places and related palaces. This study concentrates on various studies that should take care of the small parts that are interested in buildings in addition to taking care of the whole building.
Architectural Reading of the Ottoman's Sijills of the Ll-Shar'yah Court in Nablus City betueen (1655-1807)
(2010) Thaerah Rashid Bleibleh; Dr. Haitham Arratrout; Dr. Amin Abu Baker
This research focuses on studying the architectural content of the Othman religious (Shari’a) court’s archive records(sijils) in the City of Nablus, Such study is carried out by analyzing the architectural material of the legal and waqf court’s archive records. This study is explained through symbolic descriptions, legal vocabularies, building changes references and preservation's that had occurred in the discourse of the court’s archive records. Accordingly, it reflected the three main themes of analysis of the architectural material of the court records and waqf. Considering the fact that the analyzed discourse was not the direct sole subject of the court’s archive records, an inductive analysis approach has been adopted in dealing with the symbols, vocabularies, and building changes references. The analysis has also been in two main dimensions. The first is related to the general content and structure of the records, and the second is related to the functional content of the analyzed records. The outcomes of this religious (Shari’a) archival analytical study has made such records alive with their rich and condensed material that embodied such extremely important and flexible legal, architectural, and planning material. This study proves that the archival court’s records are more than only old documents.
Architecture
(ِAn-Najah National University, 2019-08-19) عليوي, حنين
تتميز الأسرة الفلسطينية بحالة من التغيير المستمر في خصائص وعدد افراد العائلة، مما يدعو الى التغير في مواصفات وحجم السكن ليلائم الحاجات المتغيرة عبر الزمن، وهذا الوضع يمثل مشكلة خاصة في السكن المخصص للأسر ذات الدخل المنخفض وخاصة الاسكانات التعاونية، حيث لا يملك السكان أي وسيلة للاستثمار في حلول مستدامة بمفردهم ونادرا ما توجد الأموال لأجراء تحسينات كبيرة على مستوى البناء لتلبية الاحتياجات والمتطلبات المتغيرة وفي هذا السياق تتناول هذه الدراسة حل هذه المشكلة من خلال استخدام أساليب التكيف الوظيفي التي يمكن تطبيقها في البيئة العمرانية لتحقيق وحدات سكنية قادرة على التكيف تلبي الاحتياجات المتغيرة للسكان، واختصت الدراسة بالمباني السكنية متعددة الطوابق للانتشار الواسع لنمط هذه المباني في فلسطين إضافة لتقييم المساكن من حيث قدرتها على التكيف والخروج بتوصيات للمعماريين والمقاولين والمستخدمين في التصميم الوظيفي لتحقيق الكفاءة في استخدام واستغلال الفراغات واستخدام الأثاث بالشكل المثالي، وتقديم الحلول الانشائية المناسبة لاستغلال المساحة بما يحقق مرونة المبنى لتلبية الاحتياجات المتغيرة خاصة في المساحات المحدودة، يتبع ذلك تحسين الأداء الوظيفي للمباني السكنية إضافة لقياس رضى السكان عن تطبيق هذه الأساليب في مساكنهم وقد خلصت الدراسة الى ان الوحدات السكنية في المباني متعددة الطوابق متكيفة بشكل جزئي مع حاجات السكان حيث تختلف الوحدات السكنية في تكيفها حسب تصميم ومساحة الوحدة السكنية وحجم الاسرة التي تقطنها، وان الوحدات السكنية غير مصممة بشكل مقصود لتكون متكيفة، وقد خلصت الدراسة أيضا الى أهمية تطبيق أساليب التكيف في الوحدات السكنية للمباني متعددة الطوابق في البيئة العمرانية المحلية بما يتماشى مع رضا وقبول السكان لتطبيق أساليب التكيف في وحداتهم السكنية والتوصل الى المعايير والاستراتيجيات المناسبة التي يمكن تطبيقها في الوحدات السكنية لتحسين اداءها الوظيفي التكيفي في ظل النظام الانشائي المستخدم.
Architecture Leaders in Palestine "West Bank" Between (1959-1995)
(2014) Mahmoud Jalal Abdul Qader Alawneh; Dr. Iman Amad; Dr. Haitham Ratrut
This thesis discusses architecture in Palestine focusing on the period between 1959 and 1995. This period witnessed significant Palestinian architectural changes due to political, sociological, and intellectual challenges when the Israelis occupied large parts of Palestine. Further, this period lacks documentation and there is not any records or studies that address Palestinian architectural works during the aforementioned period. The few existing literature focus on traditional architecture that leaves the transition from traditional architecture to today’s architecture, unfortunately, undocumented. This paper sheds light on leading Palestinian architects who have contributed to Palestinian architecture in the period between 1959 and 1955, focusing on the West Bank and the works that have shaped the features of Palestinian architecture during this period. Moreover, the study reflects the analysis of a group of pioneer architects who led the architectural movement during that period. It is worth noting that the researcher has depended on field research as well as collecting data from the actually standing buildings that reflect the widespread style of architecture at that time. Not only that; but the researcher has also depended on collecting the related photos besides searching on municipalities’ archives. These plans will demonstrate the architect’s name and other works conducted by him/her. After that, the works are analyzed and studied carefully to an attempt to recognize the reasoning behind establishing such buildings. The analysis is focused on the plans, the interfaces, the internal and external spaces that are linked to the three-dimensional perspectives and its impact on the surrounding. The researcher has also worked on analyzing the building onto its elementary items. Then, the general features of the building are inferred and the advantages are clarified. The main obstacle for this thesis was the lack and weakness of sources, as well as the difficulty to obtain information with the existing archiving system in municipalities. In fact, getting the information is complicated because there is not an electronic archiving system. In addition, no studies related to this period were found in those archives. The paper also addresses the international tendencies of architecture in that period in order to establish a relation between these universal features and the local Palestinian ones. This has resulted in a conclusion that Palestinian architecture in that period has indeed been affected by international architectural design principles, standards, and key elements. This resulted from the impact of the places where the architects have studied (Europe or America) or being affected by the international architectural magazines that meets the curiosity of the architect. Through studying the works of the leading Palestinian architects, the most evident conclusion was that two architecture movements have emerged during this period; the first movement adopted complex forms whereas the other went for simplicity. Nevertheless, both movements met the ancient fundamental principles of architecture set by Architect Vitruvius, which meet the needs for commodity, firmness, and delight. Finally, this thesis concludes with recommendations that aim at developing the study of Palestinian architecture through the activation of a scientific data collection methodology to document Palestinian architectural history. Furthermore, this study can be considered a start point or an attempt to recognize the identity of Palestinian Architecture and its features during that period.
Community Participation in Architectural Design (Evaluation of Al-Maageen Housing in Nablus)
(2006) Saleh, Ahmad Mohammed Al-Haj Ahmad; Ziad Senan; Khairi Marei
This work explores the issue of participation in architectural design process. Participatory design, user participation, citizen control, making decision process and other approaches are discussed to be reflected the implication for practice when the design process involves many parties. As more and more actors are being called to participate in the design process, the roles of the participants and the boundaries of their contributions are being re framed and negotiated. What design strategies and tactics are needed to be brought up into the design process to allow fruitful participation of the users? How designers can facilitate the involvement of the users? The issue of participation seems to imply new positions that require designers to design not only the end product, but also the process that will help more people to become involved in the design process. The work presents a case study about participation in Al-Maageen housing in Nablus city, Palestine. This case study investigates the current practice of the participation process in our Palestinian community. The founding concentrates on the level of participation in this community. It was clear that the residents try to participate in their housing but it was not as they want as it began lately.
Design Modification for Existing Buildings in Palestine to Adapt to its Environment in a Changing Climate
(2016) Dalia Mohammed Abdul Qader Yamin; Dr. Iman Al Amad; Dr. Mutasim Baba
This study aimed to identify the modified design of residential buildings in Palestine to adapt to their environment due to climate change, and to achieve the objectives of the study, reliability and validity of the study instrument were tested, also, after data collection process, data were coded and entered and processed statistically. The study population consisted of all existing residential buildings in the cities of Qalqilia and Nablus in 2015. the study sample consisted of (100) buildings in the cities of Qalqilia and Nablus, the sample building was chosen purposely. Moreover, the study relied on computer simulations to develop a model that represents a building scattered in Palestine in the cities of Qalqilia and Nablus to compare the effect of directing the building, thermal insulation, shading and crowding with the surrounding buildings on the thermal performance of the building and thermal satisfaction. the study concluded that the best orientation of the building to the south with a shading elements considered an appropriate thermal insulation has led to a reduction of energy consumption in the heating and air-conditioning in both cities by 45%. Furthermore, the increase in building density leads to lower thermal satisfaction of the population and increase the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning, especially in hot and humid areas, this requires the need to expand Street View to increase air movement, especially in those areas to provide better climate environment and reduce dependence on means of industrial air conditioning thus energy conservation to reduce the emission of environmentally harmful gases.
The Effect of Public Health Expenditure in Reducing the Risk in the Public Health Care System in Palestine
(جامعة النجاح الوطنية, 2019-01-21) محمد عوده, فداء
الصحة الوطنية مهمة للغاية لرفاهية أي بلد. إن أي إهمال لهذا القطاع سيزيد من المخاطر الوطنية ويتسبب في مضاعفة المشكلات الصحية. إن الإنفاق على الصحة العامة مهم للغاية لبقاء أي مجتمع. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى فهم حجم الإنفاق الحكومي الكلي على القطاع الصحي في فلسطين ، وهو عنصر أساسي في الأمن الصحي الوطني ، كما تهدف إلى تحديد الروابط بين العوامل الاقتصادية والاجتماعية و الصحية التي قد تؤثر على حجم الإنفاق الصحي. وقد ثبت أن عوامل مثل دخل الفرد الذي يعد مقياس للتنمية الاقتصادية ؛ والمتغيرات الصحية الأخرى مثل متوسط العمر المتوقع عند الميلاد, والمتغيرات الاجتماعية مثل معدل الخصوبة الكلي ومعدل الولادة, لها تأثير على الإنفاق الصحي. استخدمت هذه الدراسة تحليل الانحدار كأداة إحصائية لدراسة تأثير العوامل الصحية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية على إجمالي الإنفاق الصحي من قبل الحكومة في فلسطين. لتحقيق هدف الدراسة ، قمنا بتحديد متغيرًا تابعًا يسمى إجمالي الإنفاق على الرعاية الصحية من قبل الحكومة والعديد من المتغيرات الصحية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية المستقلة التي تقيس النتائج الصحية. ومن بين هذه المتغيرات المستقلة دخل الفرد ومتوسط العمر المتوقع ومعدل الخصوبة الكلي ومعدل المواليد الخام وعدد السكان. وبناءً على نتائج البحث، وجدت الدراسة وجود علاقة إيجابية وهامة بين المتغير التابع وهو إجمالي الإنفاق على الرعاية الصحية من قبل الحكومة والمتغيرات الصحية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية الرئيسية المستقلة مثل عدد السكان ، ونصيب الفرد من الدخل، ومتوسط العمر المتوقع عند الميلاد ومعدل الخصوبة الكلي ومعدل المواليد الخام. كشفت نتائج الدراسة عن الحاجة إلى ضرورة وجود استراتيجية واضحة لإدارة المخاطر تهدف إلى تحديد العوامل الأساسية التي تؤثر على إجمالي الإنفاق الصحي في فلسطين. وهذا من شأنه زيادة الوعي وتركيز الاهتمام على قطاع الصحة كعنصر أساسي للأمن القومي والتقدم. ستساعد نتائج هذه الدراسة صناع السياسة في بناء سياسات وطنية تهدف إلى حماية القطاع الصحي والحفاظ عليه من أي مخاطر غير متوقعة مثل تدهور الخدمات الصحية وانتشار الأمراض.
The Effect of the Islamic Legislations on the Design Process (Toward Modern Islamic Design)
(2011) Fajr Ali Al-Tawayha; Dr. Hassan Al-Qadi
This study discusses the effect of religion on the design process. Every society has its own religion, culture, habits and traditions that control its progress, achievements and the behaviors of its people. The effect of religion, habits and traditions differs from one society to another; in some societies they take place in all life aspects while sharing with a minor role in others. Either sharing with a minor or major role in people's lives, religion, habits and culture must have a great influence on the society's own achievements that are expressed by many ways mainly architecture. Architecture is considered as one of the most effective means of expressing the society's culture and that has the biggest influence in other societies. The study previews the Islamic legislations that form general and specific limitations on the designing process and that the designer should take into consideration while designing. It also discusses the origins of these legislations, examples that clarify them, how to fit them into the recent laws and how they tuned into laws that control construction in the Islamic state, eventually, the problems that emerge while adopting the western laws without abiding by the Islamic laws and criteria. To summarize, this study mainly aims at creating a design that take all the criteria and laws that are mentioning above into consideration, this will be through studying some designs analyzing then understanding the designing process and living with its every detail.
Effect of Urban Open Spaces on Users Behavior. An Najah University Campus as a Case Study
(جامعة النجاح الوطنية, 2017-02-05) حسن, ندى جمال; القاضي, حسن
This thesis aims to contribute to the literature by analyzing open spaces uses, particularly squares in university campuses, and to the relationship between its physical settings and movement patterns. Therefore two questions are answered through the research: How do student’s circulation relate to the physical features of an open space? And how does the spatial design of the university campus affect student circulation and interaction? In order to address these questions, An Najah National University campus was chosen as a case study. The research employed a methodology that combines direct field observations, mobile sensing and space syntax theories, in different open spaces in the university campus, to expose the activity patterns that relates with particular use of design features within the square. Direct field observation, provided direct experience and understanding of the space. Types and locations of the activities taking place within the space were recorded in order to provide people’s activities patterns. Moreover, mobile sensing was used for more accurate results of student’s movements and activities. Finally, the campus was modeled as spatial configurations using space syntax methods. It was used to find the relationship between spatial configuration and student activities in the space. Axial line, visibility and isovist analysis were done to the whole campus. The results of space syntax analysis were compared with the field observation in order to come out with the results and conclusion to this thesis. Research concluded that the spatial configuration and the physical features of the urban space influence how the space is use and how often. Moreover, the spaces on campus lack the adequate amount of seating and natural elements, and if found were not used efficiently. It also found that the space syntax is a useful method for studying the relation between the spatial setting of the space and the form of use. In addition, visibility is a key element in understanding human preferences and the study showed that students tend to sit on spaces with maximum visibility. Therefore, the thesis with the proposed methodology will help finding out why some urban spaces work while others don’t.
Evaluating Methods and Techniques of Restoration in Palestine Nablus a Case Study
(2010) Majd Najdi Naji Al Masri; Dr. Mohammed atta Yousif
This study discusses the methods and techniques of restoration, and presents the different methods and techniques used in Nablus in particular through highlighting some of the projects that have been executed, as well as the mechanism that has been adopted during execution process. The study aims at studying and evaluating the buildings that have been restored in order to reach a clear restoration methodology. Also, in order to become distinguished in the field of restoration and architectural conservation of the valuable historical buildings and areas and to improve the image of historical places in Palestine. As the study indicates, there are factors that prevent making any qualitative advancement in respect to restoration works and architectural conservation. Among the clearest of these factors are the destruction acts done by the occupation and the weakness of the economical factor. Also, the fact that individual restoration works which houses' owners carry out inside the old city are far from being carefully planned and do not comply with proper restoration standards. This leads to the distortion of historical buildings in the old city. While the projects adopted by official bodies were conducted under a prior planning mechanism which led to their success. The study provides a number of recommendations such as: to pass binding laws and regulations regarding rebuilding and restoration works, and to work under specific standards that should not be overstepped.
Evaluation of Housing Projects in the West Bank – Case Study in Nablus , Ramallah , and Jenin Cities
(2013) Mohammad Faris Mohammad Abu Obaid; Dr. Hasan Alqadi; Dr. Ali Abdelhamid
Housing is considered among of the basic requirements of modern life, one of the most common problems exacerbated by the growing demand of the population. Housing is a dynamic problem changing with the social and economic development of the nations not only to meet the needs of the community, but also to meet the requirements of changing living conditions. The phenomena of model housing complexes and housing suburbs in the Palestinian society is considered as a positive one that meet the requirements of the population in all social, economic, architectural, and aesthetic aspects. The aim of this thesis is to study and evaluate model housing projects and housing suburbs in the West Bank and how they meet the needs of the Palestinian people and their different aspirations and suitability for all strata of society, and to reveal the positive and negative aspects of these projects in order to enhance the positives and avoid the negatives for the benefit of the projects that will be constructed in future. The study contains literature review on housing projects demands and needs in general and in Palestine in particular. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical methods in evaluating the model housing complexes and housing suburbs in the West Bank through case studies based on available information and data from various sources, in addition to analyzing the results of the questionnaire, which was distributed to a sample of the residents in these areas. The study reached a number of results and recommendations that aims to the development of the housing projects in Palestine and fulfills the needs and demands of the society and to develop clear and specific residential standards for all categories of housing.
An Evaluation Study of the Green Governmental Schools in the West Bank
(2014) Basma Azmi Saadeh; Dr. Mutasim Baba
Recent years have seen many attempts by the Ministry of Education in Palestine to improve the school buildings through building schools which come near to the specifications and conditions of the green schools. So this analytical and evaluation study is based on three fundamental aspects. The first aspect is about the governmental schools and their evaluation in several aspects including the numbers, the property, congestion and the development in the design of the school buildings since 1994 up to date, and also in the development of the structural design, the used construction materials and the framework of the building. The second aspect based on in defining the specifications and the conditions of the green schools relaying upon several references which are related to the green buildings in general, and the green school buildings in particular and that through passing several criteria, including site sustainability, water use efficiency, energy use efficiency, materials and resources and indoor environmental quality. The third aspect - is the analytical side - of this study in which it has completed the analyzing and studying of a sample of pilot governmental green school buildings relaying upon the standards and the specifications that we mentioned in detail in the second aspect of this study. The study aim to develop the reality of education through the improvement of the school buildings and their conformity with the standards of the green design with high efficiency and to be a positive pattern of the green buildings in Palestine, and that's through the commitment of all the mandatory requirements, especially that can be applied within little material possibilities or which require only administrative directives such as smoking is forbidden in the school building. The study recommended to direct the school building to the south with the study of each case and its circumstances and not inconsistent with the lighting system. The researcher also recommended that it is necessary to open the way for local community and especially the school students to use at least three facilities outside the working hours. To enhance the water use efficiency, the researcher recommended that it is necessary to provide a well to collect rainwater to reuse for irrigation and cleaning. In regard to energy use efficacy, the modern school buildings are well insulated but not achieve the desired values according to the green buildings guidelines in Palestine. The researcher also recommended to encourage the creative ideas and the application of modern technologies in order to achieve the best design and implementation that does not contradict with the environmental aspects and ensures of reducing the consumption of resources. In the end, the study confirms that the Ministry of Education is working hard to improve the standard of the school buildings to be friendly to the environment and realizing the environmental and healthy conditions, also to provide a better atmosphere of the study for both the students and teachers. Although we see that there are possibilities to develop these attempts which require additional cooperation with the competent authorities of the green buildings as - Palestine Higher Green Building Council -, and with the specialists in Palestinian Universities.
Forming and Orienting the Rural Development in the Palestinian Villages Case Study- Beit Iba Village
(2009) Basem Essa AbdelRahman Thaher; Dr. Kaled Kamheyah
This study has been conducted on forming and directing the patterns of rural development in the Palestinian rural areas in which the village of Beit Iba has been taken as a case study. The study discussed Rural Development, its definition and types, development trends in Palestine, the transformations that have occurred regarding the society and the rural fabric in all of the architectural, economical, environmental and social aspects. The study has shown that although the Israeli occupation was and still the main obstacle that hinders development in the Palestinian territories, especially rural areas, there are other obstacles that are attributed to the citizens themselves, the add craftsmen, as well as officials in different fields. Add to this the absence of coordination between the different departments and institutions especially in the field of monitoring and following up procedures. In addition to these obstacles, there is the poor level of management, and the failure of some regulations in coping with the rapid technological growth or in stopping the different abuses in the environmental, organizational and administrative fields. The study has focused on Beit Iba village as a case study through discussing its importance, its definition, topographic characteristics, the patterns of development that it has gone through starting by the old, traditional ones, the modern and the contemporary patterns. It also discussed the characteristics of each pattern and the changes that occurred on the structure of the village, the factors that affected development in each stage whether they are social, economical, environmental or natural. The study further discussed the architectural transformations that each stage has witnessed and the environmental, architectural and social problems that have resulted. The study has arrived to the conclusion that by careful and proper planning, adopting developmental policies locally and regionally, and by observing the execution of plans and the results, we will be able to get rid of the current problem. The study also sees that the rapid urbanization process along with the negative development and the environmental, social and service problems that it made, as well as the effacement of the traditional sites of the village all this can be reduced by preparing to contain this development through setting development plans that can rise up with the Palestinian rural life in the social, economical, environmental and architectural fields and by raising awareness among the people so that they become more familiar with the problems that the rural environment actually faces, to study these problems, their rates and the future objectives that are set to solve them.
Garden In Islamic Architecture/An Analytical Study For Its Symbolic Meaning And Architectural Function
(2010) Shafeq Amin Ba'arah; Dr.Haitham Arratrout
The garden played a great rule in the daily life of Islamic societies, it was designed as a multipurpose Private outdoor space for everyday family activity, in addition the gardens design & its architectural elements during the Islamic era embedded many symbolic meanings that made many architects and historians like Safi adin Hamed describe it as “Paradise on Earth ". Most of the researches on the garden in Islamic societies took the Historical architectural description method for one or more of study cases, Even it was mentioned by part of the researchers, the Symbolic aspects of the garden design and it is roots have not been researched specially the main aspect of Privacy, that played the greatest rule in their design. The Islamic garden design theory is still fragmented & not clear & even Claimed by some researchers to be stolen by earlier civilizations, exemplified by the Persian & the Roman claims, this research will use the Comparative Study method Including an analytical historical study for different study cases, trying to reach & list the basis of Islamic garden theory, its roots, the main aspects & the historical evolution of those garden and the transformations on its structure During the last era
Guidelines for increasing social interaction in high residential buildings by modifying physical environment: Case Study of Rafidia, Nablus
(جامعة النجاح الوطنية, 2018-11-04) القواسمي, ألاء
واجهت مدينة نابلس خلال تطورها تحديات نجمت عن الإدارات السابقة التي توالت عليها خلال القرن الماضي. وقد نتج عن ذلك ندرة في الأراضي، مما شجع التوسع العمودي وظهور المباني السكنية العالية في انحاء المدينة لمواكبة النمو السكاني. وقد صاحب هذا التغير في التشكيل العمراني والبيئة المبنية تغيرات في الجانب الاجتماعي وتفاعل الناس فيما بينهم. لذلك، وانطلاقا من الإيمان بقدرة العمارة على تشكيل حياتنا وتغيير سلوك الناس من خلال التصميم، يهدف البحث الى فهم تأثير البنية الفيزيائية للمباني السكنية العالية على تفاعل الناس في هذه المباني ومحيطها. وذلك من خلال تحليل الشكل الحضري الحالي لمدينة نابلس بشكل عام، ودراسة البيئة الفيزيائية المبنية وعلاقتها بمستوى التفاعل الاجتماعي بين سكان المباني العالية في منطقة رفيديا كحالة دراسية. في النهاية، عمل البحث على تطوير توجيهات وارشادات لإجراء التعديلات الممكنة على المباني السكنية العالية الحالية ومحيطها الحضري، والذي من شأنه تشجيع الناس على التفاعل فيما بينهم. وكذلك وضع توصيات للمباني الجديدة مما سيساعد المخططين والمهندسين المعماريين والمطورين العقاريين وصانعي القرار على تحسين خططهم وكذلك المشاريع والتصميمات المستقبلية للمباني والفراغات الحضرية، لتحقيق التوافق بين المباني العالية والناس وحياتهم اليومية.
The impact of interior design in the success of the content of architecture spaces, internal and external - Case Study: "Separate residential buildings (villas) in Nablus, as a model"
(2013) Rawand Hamdallah Abu Za'rour; Dr. Mohammad Ata Yousof
Architectural Spaces' Study containing the elements, principles and determinants is considered as one of the most important Architectural studies especially modern ones since it's a study which patterns the human in an attempt to form intelligible language between the human and surroundings or the space where he dwells. Architectural Space in its physical form, functional form and aesthetic appearance is a container in which humans interact to form civilization which is considered as the highest and finest one created by humanity. Accordingly, this study was where it has tried in its first chapter to search the depths of Interior design to define its concept, show how did the researchers and specialists define Architectural Spaces, define its concept, principles, a range of correlations between its internal and external parts, so the study has shed light on the philosophical bases and the dialectics of internal space design, thus it posited the organizational psychological principles such as balance, order, sequence, measurement, relation, the principle of unity and other. Then, it focused on Exterior architectural space in terms of location, influential environment, exterior form of the building and standards of its relationship with its surroundings as Lighting, ventilation, privacy, views and other. This study has followed a descriptive approach in its theoretical framework to identify the interior architecture, so it gave a brief history about the development of this science.Then, it discussed in brief details the requirements of interior design. It was offered to the schools which it divided into: functional, structural, aesthetic and humanitarian requirements. But regardless of the type of those requirements, there are influential forces in the structure of the interior design which core is the human in his personal and social formation, his culture and all sources of his cognition and traditions. Then, the study shifted to talk about residence, its importance and types. It elaborated the elements of separate housing units since it's the practical side in the study as entrance area, architectural spaces such as living room, bedroom, services and others. It talked about principles of design of that elements or spaces such as space, standards, guidance, location, lighting, colors, and correlations or inter-relations. As the recent studies support saying that colors' science, lighting, used raw materials, method of their use, decorative supplements such as furniture, curtains, paintings and others in interior design have deep impact upon the psychological and behavioral life on the side of individual and society. This study addressed these topics and strengthened their theoretical side with describing and explanatory image. It indicated ways of use and coordination with the aim of harmony and integration to impart the desired aesthetic form and reanimate a sense of calm and psychological comfort. In the third chapter, the study talked bout process of design and its four pillars: the designer, user, law and building. It talked about the importance of having a participatory relationship between the designer, user and owner during the period of design or implementation. It resorted to consider the user as a secondary designer and involve him in decision-making of design without excess or negligence in order to reach a project with complete corners with regard to architectural purpose, functional form and aesthetic value which enhance the confidence of the designer and gain the approval of the owner or his satisfaction. The study followed the descriptive approach in its applied framework through conducting interviews to identify the views of a sample of owners of separate housing units (villas) in engineers' housing in Al-Jnaid area. The interview covered a third of the population of the housing which includes fifty-five used housing units i.e. inhabited and nineteen unused units. The interview has included two types of questions: Type one talked about the user's opinion (dweller) about interior design, its importance and his personal experience in it in terms of his collaboration with Interior designer or not, the consequences accordingly, his opinion about the performance of the interior designer, his experience with the interior designer in general and the mechanisms used in the implementation. While the second type of questions has a professional and more specialized nature. The questions included questions about the architectural spaces such as the external shape of the building, interior design, proportions of the building, surrounding gardens, architectural spaces, lighting, ventilation and other. The researcher allowed the user to express his answer in terms of the level of satisfaction as: excellent or good or intermediate or weak where the extent is left at the end for the user to make suggestions and recommendations for similar housings in the future. This study emphasized the importance of ongoing assessment processes, making use of them and keeping up the developments and new technologies The study concluded with a number of most notably results: an emphasis on the importance of interior design in enhancing and enriching architectural space including the results for the user at both physical and psychological levels. Based on these results, this study called -as a recommendation - for the need of interaction between the designer and user during the process of interior design or in the implementation phase in order to get comfortable dwelling which keeps pace with the times and the recent developments, has identity and address which is in line with the spirit of the place and brings authenticity and urban belonging.
The Impact of Laws and Regulations on the Built Environment in Palestine (A Case Study of Residential Buildings in Nablus City)
(2009) Amr Basem Ahmed Tuffaha; Dr. khairi Marei
The study discusses the impact of laws and regulations on the physical environment of the city in Palestine in general and their impact on residential buildings in the city of Nablus in particular. It highlights the positive and negative aspects of these laws and regulations. Also, it tries to develop a comprehensive concept about these effects and how to deal with the negative aspects on one hand, and promoting the positive aspects on the other. The study followed the historical method in the development of laws and regulations and their different effects during the successive periods in Palestine, until the current period. The organization of these laws and regulations, their construction and operating mechanisms and actors and their mutual relations were studied. It was also followed a descriptive approach and an analytical method through a field study of Mraij neighborhood in the city of Nablus, which included analysis of positive and negative impacts of the regulations and building codes on the residential buildings in this neighborhood. The results of the study indicated the extent of the significant impact of laws and regulations on the physical environment in Palestine, less an amendment to these regulations and laws do reflect significantly on the physical environment. The results also showed that the Palestinian urban environment is still affected by the old regulations and laws that have been developed during different previous periods and those interim laws and regulations that have been developed recently. The study recommended the necessity to deal with residential neighborhoods, each according to its location and the surrounding urban context, and trying to develop the relevant laws and regulations. In addition, the study stressed the importance of not dealing only with the residential buildings in terms of numbers and proportions (such as height, setbacks, the building ratio), but also the necessity of taking into consideration aspects of urban planning and aesthetic and environmental factors.

Browse

Browsing Architecture by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options