Architecture

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11888/3185

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Physical and Characteristics of Palestinian Refugee Camps: A Case Study of Jenin Camp (West Bank)
(2006) Amal Salah Mohammad Taslak; Dr. Khairi Marei; Dr. Ali Abdelhamid
The refugee camps had passed through various stage of physical development starting with the tents, then single housing units (huts) and finally the residential quarters (neighborhoods). The physical fabric of the camps in general have transferred from a fabric imposed by the UNRWA to a fabric replicating the needs of the refugees and their cultural, social and environmental features, and to a large extent it looks like the fabric of the neighborhood units in the Arabic and Islamic city. The major aim of this thesis is studying and analyzing the physical and planning characteristics of the refugee camps in general and of Jenin camp in particular. The study concentrates on analyzing the physical fabric of the camp in terms of its architectural features, public services and facilities and the road network through the different phases of development from its establishment in 1957 until the recent time. Also, it considers the cultural and social aspects that contributed to the formation of this physical fabric. To achieve this aim, the historical method was followed to collect the data and information about the historical and physical development of the camp. Also, the descriptive method has been used in studying the existing situation. In addition, the analytical method was used in analyzing the physical fabric and architectural elements in the camp. Moreover, certain research tools were utilized; including the field survey of buildings and public services, interviews with residents and related institutions, and the aerial photos, maps and plans that describe the physical and planning features of the camp through various time periods. The results of the study indicated that there is a similarity between the physical fabric of Jenin camp and that of the Arabic and Islamic city, which reflects the cultural and social aspects of the population. In addition, the study has shown the lower level of health, social and entertainment services in the camp due to the increased density of population and buildings. Consequently, the study recommended the undertaking of building measures and standards in the camp, which sustain the maintenance of the physical fabric and the provision of adequate public services and facilities that consider the needs of the population. Finally, the study emphasized the importance of the rehabilitation and upgrading of the refugee camps as being a physical environment located inside the Palestinian cities and settlements without ignoring the right of return as well as not imposing the political scenarios dealing with the refugee problem.
Community Participation in Architectural Design (Evaluation of Al-Maageen Housing in Nablus)
(2006) Saleh, Ahmad Mohammed Al-Haj Ahmad; Ziad Senan; Khairi Marei
This work explores the issue of participation in architectural design process. Participatory design, user participation, citizen control, making decision process and other approaches are discussed to be reflected the implication for practice when the design process involves many parties. As more and more actors are being called to participate in the design process, the roles of the participants and the boundaries of their contributions are being re framed and negotiated. What design strategies and tactics are needed to be brought up into the design process to allow fruitful participation of the users? How designers can facilitate the involvement of the users? The issue of participation seems to imply new positions that require designers to design not only the end product, but also the process that will help more people to become involved in the design process. The work presents a case study about participation in Al-Maageen housing in Nablus city, Palestine. This case study investigates the current practice of the participation process in our Palestinian community. The founding concentrates on the level of participation in this community. It was clear that the residents try to participate in their housing but it was not as they want as it began lately.
Towards Housing Renewal Policy In Palestinian City Centers/ Case Study Nablus City
(2007) Nuha Ahmad Hussein Abu-Hantash; Dr. Eman Amad
This study investigates the issue of adaptation of traditional residential buildings to contemporary needs. The study is an attempt towards the development of a general policy for rehabilitation and adaptation of traditional residential buildings in the historic centers of Palestinian cities. The study is based on an empirical case study carried out in Nablus. It investigates the traditional residential quarters of the old city. Field investigations were undertaken by a questionnaire survey administered on a random sample of traditional houses distributed all over the old town, in addition to field visits and personal observations. SPSS was used to analyze and interpret the collected data in order to explore the present condition of old buildings in the old city. Assessment of the present condition of residential quarters revealed the significant problems and highlighted potentials for prospect solutions. The study demonstrated the high potentiality of the traditional house to satisfy the contemporary needs of its inhabitants. Modification needed vary from one building to another and are to be determined according to the building value and the level of intervention it allows. The study outlined a general policy for housing rehabilitation that could be applied to other historic cities in Palestinian.
Role of Media and Journalism in Developing
(2007) Arch. Mohammad J.I Dwaikat; Dr. Khaire Marei; Dr. Samar Shunnar
This thesis represents a study and documentation to the case of architectural journalism and information in the world, after collecting the articles related to this subject and its evaluation. The researcher studied the mentioned articles via their contents and place of mentioning. And what had been available of experiences in America, Britain and some European Countries. He analyzed their positives and summarized what benefited Palestine on both levels of education and professional practice. He evaluated the goods of the architectural information to prove how it may be invalid instrument in the society to support his saying hypothesis that "The Palestinian architects are in need of attaining their potential capacities to affect the society". The researcher selected this thesis because it forms a coverage not proceeded yet on the Arabic and Palestinian levels, and because of the great default of the architectural objectives in the daily newspapers and media. This study basically aims at contributing in raising the level of the architecture and built environment in Palestine and in ascending awareness of the local society towards their gradually through vision and imagining the architectural information in integrating architecture with media to accomplish continuation and covering the information among architects and society. The researcher ended to that the architectural information has the capability to affect the standing architectural projects and the suggested for promotion. Such analysis like these need to be integrated in the daily newspapers and other media to be able for changing the people's awareness to the fact of architecture as it has an important news and informational role in their way of thinking about the effect of the environment surrounding them. In its end, the paper shows an ideal suggested model through which journalism and architecture cooperate with for the sake of contribution in developing the architecture and built environment in Palestine, and it suggests be a core at An-Najah National University.
Rehabilitation Of Historical Buildings in Palestine
(2007) Mohammed A F Itma; Dr. Khairi Marei; Dr.Khaled Qamheah
This study treats the subject of “Rehabilitation” as one of the most famous architectural methods of conserving historical buildings in our world today. It presents the situation of rehabilitation projects in Palestine especially in the city of Nablus, by shedding light on the local institutions of labor in the domain of Architectural conservation, and their important projects since the agreement of Oslo until now. This study aims basically at explaining the experience of Palestine in general and that of Nablus in particular in the field of rehabilitating historical buildings as a Palestinian city during the mentioned period, and analyzing that experience to build the primary bases needed for future evaluation. This will direct politics of rehabilitation in Palestine for much better results. The main result of this study proved that there was not a complete or extensive project of rehabilitation in the old city of Nablus, during the mentioned period, but only small projects of maintaining and optimizing the old destroyed buildings. Moreover, there were a very limited number of Rehabilitation projects for some separated but important historical buildings. This led us to know the reason of random preservation in the historical buildings of Nablus. To reach a high level in the field of architectural rehabilitation in Palestine, this study recommends discovering the potentials of the ordinary people and private institution and involving them in the conservation operation. This will maintain a sustainable finance for the projects and solve many problems, such as the unplanned rehabilitation projects.
Reviving And Developing The Historical Center Of Deir Estia Case Study For The Thorne Villages In Palestine
(2008) Omar Jamil Ahmad Mokadi; Dr. Hasan.Alqadi
Cultural heritage represents the nations, for that it's important. It includes the concept of humanity with a number of elements that are moved from forefathers to sons, meanwhile, as a spatial concept, the heritage could be the buildings and notable sites which absolutely reflects civilization and society. The importance of the study stems from highlighting the architectural and physical fabric of the Throne Villages in particular, and seeking to have it as a part of a comprehensive data system on the national level through studying the historical center of Deir Estia, highlighting the aspects of shortage and suffering, recent attempts of development, focusing on the available factors that can support establishing a tourism track which can cooperate in keeping the center and enhancing the economic level , and to achieve building a strategy of developing that area . Gathering information for the study depended on: personal interviews, field survey, and formal and informal sources of data. Methodologies tracked are: the historical one for gathering information about the villages, analysis to study the center and understand the current situation, and comparative method to achieve a strategy for development by having other similar (national and regional) sites a s case studies. The researcher concluded at the end a group of outcomes and recommendations regarding the case study of Deir Estia. The main point was that the Throne is now facing rapid change of its physical fabric as a result for political, economic, social, and planning factors, in addition to the shortage of awareness level for the Palestinian character and values. Moreover, the cultural heritage is negatively affected (directly and indirectly) by the occupation's laws.Deir Estia is distinguished by diversity which plays a major factor in attracting tourists, for it includes historical center, debris, caves, springs, and Wadi Qana of its distinctive nature elements. Unfortunately, the sites are subjected to a large-scale settlement attack, which must motivate the country to guard what is lift. Main recommendations concluded by the researcher are: the need to develop a plan that identifies responsibilities and administrative tasks of every concerned direction to preserve and develop the architectural heritage, define the frame work of joint coordination among them, and promote community to participate in planning and implementation as they are the main beneficiaries of such projects. Moreover, there is an urgent need to conduct studies and analytical researches to re-define the Throne villages pointing out its position on the geographical map, as for Deir Estia, there is an urgent need to formulate a specialized committee to revive the historical center and carry out campaigns of awareness, provide maintenance and control, preparing a data base for that center, and training the vocational on restoration, tourism, and handcrafts.
“Urban Safety”Urban Design From Women's Perspective Study Case: Nablus
(2008) Mukarram “M.Q” Abbas; Dr. Khairi Marie; Dr. Haitham Al-Ratrout
This study is about Gender and its tight relation to the organization and planning of public spaces, and about redesigning these spaces according to women's perspective and physical and spiritual needs, and about the effect of ensuring these needs on their comfort and safety. The study also discusses women's urban life in Nablus city as a study case, in order to recognize local women's behavior within public spaces, and whether these spaces fit women’s different needs. The study aims basically at the importance of ensuring urban spaces that provide physical and spiritual safety for women, which can be achieved by ensuring women's different needs within urban planning polices, as a result, women become able to have a more direct experience with a place and the people within it, in other words, women will be able to have an active engagement with public spaces. The study finds that local women in Nablus city are absent totally from local urban policies, and women’s special needs are not available within city spaces. Also, women don’t feel safe and secure spiritually or physically, specially their suffer from the lack of social safety and their constant fear about their personal safety especially at night. About local urban policies, they are absent by heart and soul from taking women’s urban needs into consideration, but there is a gleam of hope thanks to the effort of Woman’s Issues Committee that relates to Nablus City Municipality, which is preparing now to spot lights on women’s urban needs supporting by UNFPA. Finally, the study presents a set of recommendations according to the research results, where these recommendations include proposals for both women and decision makers, that implied the necessary cooperation between all the involved groups to raise an urban policies that consider all society members needs, especially women’s needs.
Rehabilitation and Conservation of the Old Center of Awarta Village
(2009) Nahed Jamil Jabr Mofleh; Dr. Hasan Al-Qadi
The architectural heritage of a region reflects the identity and the civilization of that region and represents the connection between its past and future. It is also a real and obvious evidence of its originality and greatness. That architectural heritage must be looked after, conserved, rehabilitated and updated to suit Modernization. This research aims to focus attention on urban and architectural heritage in the Palestinian villages so that it can be protected and authenticated to find an outlet for proper solutions and patterns to conserve it, keeping in mind actions of destruction and change done continuously and intentionally, moreover, studies researches and conservation projects mainly focus on great cities. On the other hand this research does its best to face challenges and continuous attempts to demolish and change our Palestinian architectural heritage. The first chapter in this study contains the study problem, the study importance, goals, hypotheses, plan and methodology. Also it includes information about the study area and the previous studies about it. The theoretical material forms two chapters of this research the second chapter and the third one, the second chapter deals with the architectural heritage and conservation. However, the third chapter deals with the Palestinian village with regard to location, development, and architectural items, the factors that influence and problems. The fourth chapter deals with the area of Awarta- a village located near Nablus. The study focuses mainly on the old center of Awarta. A special study and analysis concentrates on the open spaces in Awarta until the 1950s. Moreover, this chapter deals with analytical study for old buildings, it deals with the most famous ones during the same period. Awarta was chosen because of the historical and cultural potentials in addition to the unique urban and architectural aspects. The descriptive analytical approach has been followed in chapter four depending on site survey and photography of all open spaces and old houses in the village .The survey showed problems and needs of the Village of Awarta. The fifth chapter identifies the vision of conservation in the old center in Awarta and sets several goals and specifying the strategies that can achieve them, and it provides suggestions and attempts to conserve that area in order to introduce complete prototype of detailed projects dealing with architectural and urban aspects to conserve and rehabilitate the old Palestinian villages; The goals, strategies and solutions are introduced according to the previous stages of the study. Chapter six shows the results based on all the previous study, analysis, suggestions and projects. The results show that projects of conservation and rehabilitation for the old regions should be executed according to the correct criteria that suit the architectural heritage to invest all the social, cultural, economical, and tourism potentials of these villages. General goals and strategies have been suggested to conserve Old Palestinian villages. Besides several recommendations were introduced to the authorities and related entities with regard to conservation of the old Palestinian villages and the conservation of Awarta Village in particular.
Strategies for Conservation & Development of the Village of Balata Al-Balad in Connection with the Archaeological Sites
(2009) Tahreer Khair Edden Ali Barham; Dr. Hasan Al Qadi; Dr. Mohammad Atta Yousef
This study aims basically at setting up strategies to the process of rehabilitation and development of Balata Al-Balad village, and then reaching a practical study that could be utilized in the development process. Furthermore, the study may comprise an experience that future studies and experiments may benefit from in their Endeavour to develop and rehabilitate other Palestinian villages since almost all Palestinian villages share the same characteristics and traits. The study is based on data collected during the field investigation through surveys of the buildings located in the old sector, the elements, the urban spaces, and historical and archaeological sites in the village of Balata. The field work included filling in forms for every building and historical and archaeological site, in addition to taking photographs and making interview with old people. Collected data and field surveys were investigated and analyzed to reach solutions and strategies. The study contains recommendations to develop and rehabilitate the village. The study reached the conclusion that the proposed recommendations be applied to develop and rehabilitate the village so that it would become a place busy of life at all times not merely during tourism seasons. This objective could be reached through providing the inhabitants with the necessary services and improving their habitats so that they become an attractive place for them to live in.
The Impact of Laws and Regulations on the Built Environment in Palestine (A Case Study of Residential Buildings in Nablus City)
(2009) Amr Basem Ahmed Tuffaha; Dr. khairi Marei
The study discusses the impact of laws and regulations on the physical environment of the city in Palestine in general and their impact on residential buildings in the city of Nablus in particular. It highlights the positive and negative aspects of these laws and regulations. Also, it tries to develop a comprehensive concept about these effects and how to deal with the negative aspects on one hand, and promoting the positive aspects on the other. The study followed the historical method in the development of laws and regulations and their different effects during the successive periods in Palestine, until the current period. The organization of these laws and regulations, their construction and operating mechanisms and actors and their mutual relations were studied. It was also followed a descriptive approach and an analytical method through a field study of Mraij neighborhood in the city of Nablus, which included analysis of positive and negative impacts of the regulations and building codes on the residential buildings in this neighborhood. The results of the study indicated the extent of the significant impact of laws and regulations on the physical environment in Palestine, less an amendment to these regulations and laws do reflect significantly on the physical environment. The results also showed that the Palestinian urban environment is still affected by the old regulations and laws that have been developed during different previous periods and those interim laws and regulations that have been developed recently. The study recommended the necessity to deal with residential neighborhoods, each according to its location and the surrounding urban context, and trying to develop the relevant laws and regulations. In addition, the study stressed the importance of not dealing only with the residential buildings in terms of numbers and proportions (such as height, setbacks, the building ratio), but also the necessity of taking into consideration aspects of urban planning and aesthetic and environmental factors.
The Activation Mechanisms of Community Participation in Architectural and urban Conservation (Case Study of the West Bank)
(2009) Ayman Azmi Jubran Saadeh; Dr. Mohammed Ata Yousef; Dr. Iman Al Amad
This study addressed the issue of community participation in architectural and urban conservation projects from both the conceptual and applied theme, through analyze and understand the concept of architectural conservation, the concept of community participation, and analysis of the relation between the two former concepts associated as a multi-disciplinary subject, and also analyzed the interaction of the community and such projects in varying degrees of community participation, through analyzing case studies from outside Palestine, compared with other cases in Palestine. Among many challenges posed by the conservation projects in the theoretical and practical framework, and multiple models on the ground that each conservation project is a particular case. The study aimed to understand the nature of community participation as a relatively new method, and to shed light on the models and theories which examine the theme of community participation, and analysis of the experiences of local conservation in the light of the previous studies and cases. The study concludes that there is a difference in the concept of community participation in conservation projects, but eventually leads to include the citizens in a positive state, and also shows that in general there is no citizen control power among the implementation of projects. Also the study concludes the diversity of the needed objectives of popular participation according to each case, and concludes that the conservation of architectural and urban heritage alive requires the activation of community participation and adopting it as a method for implementation of these projects.
Islamic Moderate Philospphy and Abstraction in Islamic Architecture/Case Study (Islamic Decorative Elements)
(2009) Hasan Mahmoud Issa Al Awawdeh; Dr. Iman Al Amad; Dr. Haitham Arratrout
This study examines the philosophy of moderation and abstract In Islamic architecture, also discuss the application of thought as a philosophy of moderation in the architecture of Islamic architecture through the analysis of the geometric units such as the decorative study through research on the architecture of thought derived from the philosophy of moderation is the methodology of those art decoration geometric units, which represent the Islamic a feature of Islamic architecture, which constitute the cultural us great architecture humanitarian stages of production. The research study, a reference to the philosophical and technical philosophy of moderation, that achieved through the collection situation between the spirit and the article, particularly in the decorative and geometric units that have been applied in the form and content in the Islamic architecture. The study aims to find a way to lay the foundations contemporary architect of that attitude, at least, stems from the contemporary flexible methodology for Islamic Thought, and thus achieving sustainability in the understanding of Islamic architecture. The research is part of architectural thinking applied in charge of the Islamic civilization project also reflects a technical and practical about the personal characteristics of the Islamic structure and the vital nature of individual collection. The study concludes that the Islamic decorative units have achieved consistent and the collection situation of the article and spirit, and has been a contingent of Islamic decorative art and the rule of which derived from the architectural elements, the artist of the plastic architectural style, which was unity and continuity as a normal life in the universe and human movement through the system, this has been reflected elements of the composition of a linear network axes of movement of the masses of architecture, within the general phenomenon of repetition is vital for the Islamic decorative art, such as flexible and reflect the dynamics and continuity towards unlimited symbolic representation of the message to go towards the Creator and others reflected imagined. The search took a series of recommendations and conclusions, which are about the philosophical depth architect, but could be about those trends and other functional as (cinema , sculpture, photography, etc., and the sense that out of these trends through the template reflects the extent of the Islamic acculturation The rapprochement between Islam and the future of his contemporary art. The focus of this research, such as a technical application, especially in Islamic architecture, and we recommend that there be diverse and in-depth studies in the areas of application and various other technical, to draft a proper understanding of Islamic civilization that is clear, power and art.
Forming and Orienting the Rural Development in the Palestinian Villages Case Study- Beit Iba Village
(2009) Basem Essa AbdelRahman Thaher; Dr. Kaled Kamheyah
This study has been conducted on forming and directing the patterns of rural development in the Palestinian rural areas in which the village of Beit Iba has been taken as a case study. The study discussed Rural Development, its definition and types, development trends in Palestine, the transformations that have occurred regarding the society and the rural fabric in all of the architectural, economical, environmental and social aspects. The study has shown that although the Israeli occupation was and still the main obstacle that hinders development in the Palestinian territories, especially rural areas, there are other obstacles that are attributed to the citizens themselves, the add craftsmen, as well as officials in different fields. Add to this the absence of coordination between the different departments and institutions especially in the field of monitoring and following up procedures. In addition to these obstacles, there is the poor level of management, and the failure of some regulations in coping with the rapid technological growth or in stopping the different abuses in the environmental, organizational and administrative fields. The study has focused on Beit Iba village as a case study through discussing its importance, its definition, topographic characteristics, the patterns of development that it has gone through starting by the old, traditional ones, the modern and the contemporary patterns. It also discussed the characteristics of each pattern and the changes that occurred on the structure of the village, the factors that affected development in each stage whether they are social, economical, environmental or natural. The study further discussed the architectural transformations that each stage has witnessed and the environmental, architectural and social problems that have resulted. The study has arrived to the conclusion that by careful and proper planning, adopting developmental policies locally and regionally, and by observing the execution of plans and the results, we will be able to get rid of the current problem. The study also sees that the rapid urbanization process along with the negative development and the environmental, social and service problems that it made, as well as the effacement of the traditional sites of the village all this can be reduced by preparing to contain this development through setting development plans that can rise up with the Palestinian rural life in the social, economical, environmental and architectural fields and by raising awareness among the people so that they become more familiar with the problems that the rural environment actually faces, to study these problems, their rates and the future objectives that are set to solve them.
Style Analysis for Dwellings in Palestine In Ottoman Period (Case Study Nabluse City)
(2009) Tariq Dawood Mahmoud Ahmad; D. Khire Merie
Palestine considered one of the most significant countries that is full of historical and ancient sites. These sites still stand out as a vivid witness to all civilizations that passed by through history. Which assorting from the simple rural houses to the palaces stand proudly touches softly the domes of these magnificent dwellings. This thesis deals with the traditional architecture in Palestine in the Ottoman period, domestic architecture of palaces and their development in one of the longest historical periods in the history, the Ottoman rule that lasted for four centuries. This studied analyzed and examined these palaces to explore the planning and architectural aspects of such traditional residential buildings, and explain how these played their role and adapted their architecture and study of the interior functions and its influence on architectural and historical heritage. To accomplish the study surveyed the liter related to the topic plus field study. The thesis also documents some of the most important palaces using architectural plans, elevations and sections. The analytical approach is used to find the connection between 'function and form' of such palaces and to compare these results with other examples in the city and other rural areas throughout Palestine. The first chapter dealt with the Palestinian architecture styles, where the second chapter discussed the planning and architecture of Palestine especially in Ottoman period and the factors affecting it. The third chapter provided typological studies of residential buildings in the neighborhood of Palestine and region, as in Syria, Lebanon and Jordan-especially Salt and Karak .Chapter four classified the architectural style in Palestine. A detailed description was displayed in chapter five. It dealt with the architecture of traditional residential buildings by studying the architecture, function, construction materials and planning of these buildings, and analyzing in detail the features and similarities of such dwellings and discussing the developments of their architecture through time. Results indicated that:-- palaces incurred many architectural developments. This was assured by the study made on living examples of the rulers' palaces in the city of Nablus, which played an important role in the development of Palestinian vernacular architecture and had shaped the Palestinian dwelling for the following history in Palestine.
Restoration and Heritage Conservation Experience in Italy "Orvieto as a Case Study" and the possibility of applying this experience in Palestine "Iraq Burin as a Case Study"
(2010) Eizeese Mohyi Eddin Abdo Fahd; Dr. Mohammed Atta Yousef
Heritage, in its natural and cultural aspects, plays an important role in forming the memory of nations and their civilization depth, as well as their local culture. This heritage reflects the identity and civilization of these nations and the connection between their past and present. It represents clear evidence on people's originality, therefore, it must be protected, rehabilitated and developed in order to adapt with modern conditions and continuous civilization changes. This study discusses the issue of restoration and heritage conservation of the city of Orvieto in Italy that has a unique natural and cultural heritage, and to focus on its peculiar rock which overlooks the surrounding areas and distinguishes it from other Italian cities. At the same time, to study Iraq Burin village which also has a wonderful rock which is threatened by the settlers? This study of the Italian city comes to benefit the Palestinian experience from the Italian experience in restoration and conservation. Moreover, to document a specific aspect of this heritage, to try to find solutions to revive it, and to work on protecting it against attacks and destruction works. The study concludes that the natural heritage that Iraq Burin possesses, represented by its unique rock that distinguishes it from other Palestinian villages, is combined with the ancient buildings in the area, as a result, a natural heritage and original civilization fabric emerges. Although there are some clear distortions in the buildings, like cracks and construction weakness, there is a good number of buildings that are partially or totally used and inhabited by people. The study recommends benefiting from the Italian experience in the field of restoration and conservation through setting a plan to study and protect Iraq Bruin's distinguished rock, and to work on promoting it both in media and tourism. Also, to restore old buildings in the village and to study the possibility of establishing a twinning agreement with Orvieto city in Italy in order to protect the village and support restoration projects there.
Revitalization and Development of AL-Habalah Quarter A Study in Urban Conservation and Revitalization of the Old Town of Nablus”
(2010) Suha Al-Shakhshir; Dr. Hasan AL-Qadi; Dr. Mohammad Ata
Palestine contains many historic cities such as Jerusalem, Nablus, Bethlehem and Hebron. These historic cities are in great danger of deterioration by neglect, misuse or by the destruction mainly by the assaults of the Israeli occupation that resulted in the destruction of the historical sites and buildings. Such situation emphasizes the importance of preservation of these historical sites. This thesis tries to present a proposal for a strategic plan for the revitalization and development of Al-Habalah Quarter, as a sample of the quarters of the Old City of Nablus. This is achieved through the study of the morphology of the urban fabric of Al-Habalah Quarter and its urban and architectural components, besides of the study of the social and economical situation for the inhabitants. This thesis basically depends on the descriptive and analytical approach, using some tools of scientific research such as: questionnaire, field study, personal interviews with the local inhabitants and specialists in the Municipality of Nablus. The study pointed that Al-Habalah Quarter contains a lot of urban and architectural elements of significant cultural value, such as palaces, squares, paths, vaults and soap factories, which need clear conservation strategy. Al-Habalah Quarter forms the north-east part of the Old City which is an important location that should be properly connected with the adjacent modern parts of the city of Nablus. Also the study pointed to the lack of inhabitants’ awareness of the importance of these valuable elements and the necessity of saving them. The study recommended the need to put a clear strategy for the conservation and development of Al-Habalah Quarter, in addition to the importance of improving the social and economical situation of the inhabitants. Finally the study recommended the need of coordinating and cooperation between the different authorities, institutions or any relative entities such as the Municipality of Nablus, Al-Najah University and the Ministry of Tourism in any work or plan concerning Al-Habaleh Quarter in particular and the Old City of Nablus in general, side by side with the public participation of the local inhabitants in such projects.
Evaluating Methods and Techniques of Restoration in Palestine Nablus a Case Study
(2010) Majd Najdi Naji Al Masri; Dr. Mohammed atta Yousif
This study discusses the methods and techniques of restoration, and presents the different methods and techniques used in Nablus in particular through highlighting some of the projects that have been executed, as well as the mechanism that has been adopted during execution process. The study aims at studying and evaluating the buildings that have been restored in order to reach a clear restoration methodology. Also, in order to become distinguished in the field of restoration and architectural conservation of the valuable historical buildings and areas and to improve the image of historical places in Palestine. As the study indicates, there are factors that prevent making any qualitative advancement in respect to restoration works and architectural conservation. Among the clearest of these factors are the destruction acts done by the occupation and the weakness of the economical factor. Also, the fact that individual restoration works which houses' owners carry out inside the old city are far from being carefully planned and do not comply with proper restoration standards. This leads to the distortion of historical buildings in the old city. While the projects adopted by official bodies were conducted under a prior planning mechanism which led to their success. The study provides a number of recommendations such as: to pass binding laws and regulations regarding rebuilding and restoration works, and to work under specific standards that should not be overstepped.
Mutual Influence between the Physical Reality of Houses and Socio-Cultural Identity of Population / Case Study: (Old Town of Nablus)
(2010) Rania Mohammad Taha; Dr. Eman Amad; Dr. Ali Abdel Hameed
This study discusses the issue of mutual influence between the physical environment and the culture of its inhabitants, in the traditional ancient Arab cities. It analyses the effects that results from that particular physical environment , on the different aspects of the lives of its people , as well as their interactive influence and change on the features of the environment within which they are living, to adapt to their different needs , in this rapidly changing era of technological revolution , in order to understand how does that old urban fabric - which was originally formed as reflection and translation to a past culture – but still belongs to the same religious, ethnic, and cultural beliefs of the present inhabitants. This study aims mainly to shed light on the adequacy of housing in the Old City of Nablus, in particular - which has shown continues decline in its standards and requirements of living - for the functional , social, educational psychological and health aspects of the population , in order to determine the extent to which the mutual influence between the population and the physical environment does exists, through the analysis of the specific architectural style, of the housing environment, with its particular formation, elements and, characteristics, on the people's traditions, values, social relations, economic conditions, the quality of their jobs , their level of education, their interdependence and belonging to the values expressed by the special construction style. The study leads to the conclusion that; the existing situation of the residential environment, in the ancient historic centers in Arab cities, had lost much of it's cultural values, that forms the linking joint between the cultural and social identity of the inhabitants, and the architectural style of the physical fabric of housing. Also that the reality of its existing situation has a negative impact on residents' characteristics, and on their different life issues, while sometimes keeping part of the original features, that revives some remnants of the cultural identity of the ancient Arab Islamic cities, which confirms the applicability of the hypothesis of mutual influence between the physical environment and the social and behavioral characteristics of people, and that the continuity condition that will erase the headstones of civilization, as time goes by, this may also result in wiping off it's cultural identity and the cultural affiliation to it. The study recommends that upgrading housing use within the historic city, is one of the most important factors, not only to save the old city alive, but also to revive the cultural values associated with the our cultural heritage and national identity, that could be achieved by applying various programs among people to support them, promote their living conditions, raise their awareness , and strengthen their national affiliation, that will also lead to arresting the decline in the historic monuments which are closely linked not only to the people own civilization but also to their historic rights in this land .
Islamic Waqf Buildings and their Influense in Sustaining the Urban Fabrics of Historic Cities/ Case Study: The Old Town of Nablus City
(2010) Amal Shafeeq Mohammed Al Assi; Dr. Hitham Arratrout; Dr. Iman Al Amad
Islamic Waqf was perceived in the early twentieth century as a system that has become to an end in our contemporary society. it was negatively reflected as concept in both theory and practice and was observed in the shrinkage of Waqf agricultural land and assets and in the deterioration of its physical assets in the historic centers in Islamic cities. As a result, the need to reconsider the Waqf system has become necessary in order to study its relationship with cultural heritage in our contemporary life and explore and trace its significance role in sustaining our historic environment. This study will attempt to understand the concept of Waqf and how it has been applied as a system based on management framework and administrative structure through history. The research will be based on Waqf buildings during the ottoman period in the city of Nablus, Palestine, as a case study. Waqf court deeds and archives will be the main reference. In particular the study will trace the relation of Waqf as a system and its influence on conservation of cultural heritage in the city of Nablus and to see in which way its methods and approaches is similar to our present practices and how much it has been effective in sustaining our historic environment.
Sabils in Islamic Architecture a Case Study of the Old City of Nablus
(2010) Fidaa Mohammed Ahmed Qaqour; Dr. Hassan Al Qadi
This study aims to shed light on sabil water construction as an important factor and unused in the traditional architecture and to revive it again, keep it and make it active. This study includes the definition of al-sabil and explains its parts and components in different Arabs area then I choose Nablus as study case, it take about its sabils , third numbers and names and historical information about them. I follow a method that depends on many back ground I will mention them later. One of this back grounds is the historical background in which I depend on the tales of some old people and historical books. I followed the descriptive- statistical back ground too in which visits, I take. I depend on seeing and pictures and measures to know its current status and how do people care and write about it, then I choose to answer the questionnaire , two hundred people are asked to answer it , in which the researcher find out new result and facts. Al-sabil water construction is UN know to a big sect of people who live there especially the new generation, people and responsible don’t care about this source. Many of these sabils are destroyed or closed, and other sabils are unhealthy or unreconstructed well. Finally, I talk about the importance of this water source and people renewal need for it. The researcher recommends 1-to rebuild the destroyed sabiles and open the closed ones 2- people to keep such important constructions 3- modernization or improvement. Establish new construction in a way that combines tradition and modernization or improvement.

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