Septage Characterization and Fecal Sludge Treatment in Rural Nablus
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Date
2020-06-04
Authors
Hussein, Mohammed Abdelssalam Abdelrahman
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
جامعة النجاح الوطنية
Abstract
As urbanization continues to take place, the management of sanitation is becoming a major concern. Palestine is one of the countries that have major issues with sanitation, providing that most of the population relies on cesspits for disposal of wastewater. This work has characterized the septage, and quality of wastewater collected in cesspits in three villages near Nablus city (Qusin, Iraq Burin, and Tell), also proposed a pretreatment model. Samples were collected from the vacuum tankers used for emptying the cesspits in the three villages. They were then analyzed for pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Turbidity, Phosphorous, Ammonia, Nitrogen, Nitrate, Alkalinity, Conductivity, Solids parameters, Total and Fecal coliform, and Heavy metals. The concentrations of the analyzed samples were compared with the EPA guidelines and municipal wastewater and septage in other countries as compared through literature, for example; in west Nablus wastewater treatment plant the average BOD concentration of row WW was 573 mg/l, Whereas the septage had an averageBOD5 of 371 mg/l. While the average COD of municipal row wastewater and septage were 1,174 and 1,087 mg/l, respectively.
Modeling and optimization of wastewater treatment processes were applied to improve the efficiency of a wastewater treatment model. The model was applied on the Septage characterized by this study (which has a high organic loading and suspended solids concentrations) to optimize a treatment process of a two-units of Sequencing Batch Reactors SBR model using GPS-X 7.0 simulator.
Even though there were no fecal sludge disposal sites for the studied villages, the Septage was dumped untreated to open environment. This model was designed to meet the Palestinian regulations of type C of treated wastewater for agricultural reuse. The designed values for this model were (456, 1221, 386) mg/l for BOD5, COD, and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) respectively. The results revealed that, two-units of SBR model were operated with removal efficiencies higher than 98% for BOD, 94% for COD, and 98% for TSS.
This modeling analysis was applied to define a performance measuring plan based on the most important parameters that can be reliable and applicable for any wastewater treatment plant. The produced models were feasible for construction and operation. Also, it is recommended to implement the modeled TP to examine the operation and efficiency of such TPs on the ground and to make calibration for the model if needed.
Description
Keywords
Characteristics, Septage, Pre-Treatment, Modeling, SBR, Activated sludge.