Optimal sizing of PV-DG- battery grid-connected system: residential building
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Date
2020-01-01
Authors
Amjad, Afnan
Moqdi, Khouloud
Bahloul, Marah
Reham Baniodeh, Reham
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Abstract
Due to life progress, the development in renewable energy sources, and the exploitation of these sources in Palestine, where these sources are considered environmentally friendly, the use of renewable energy sources has become widely available, especially solar energy (photovoltaic systems), besides that, the Palestinian government and electricity companies have encouraged the citizens to install solar energy systems (photovoltaic systems) to reduce the dependence on the Zionist side in delivering electricity to residential areas. It is known that the photovoltaic systems consist of two types: the system connected to the grid (on-grid), and the system that is separated from the grid (off-grid). So that the on-grid system, its installation is more widespread in the Palestinian facilities since it is more economically feasible than the other system, on the other hand, the off-grid system is more common in remote areas. However, in some Palestinian governorates, there was a significant power outage for several hours, this problem leads to disrupting the daily work of the citizen and a feeling of uneasiness, and besides installing the on-grid system does not solve the problem. Therefore a suggested solution to the problem was by adding a storage battery to the grid-connected system (on-grid), the project explains the advantages and characteristics of the proposed system to solve the problem in terms of knowing the size and number of batteries appropriate for each system connected to the grid, in addition to that, it shows whether the proposed system is fully economically feasible, saves the consumer budget and recommends its installation, or not? If it is not economically feasible, what are the alternative solutions?
To verify the proposed system is economically feasible or not, and to obtain the results, the homer energy program was used. Where the study was conducted on several grid-connected PV systems with different power (kW), so that when installing photovoltaic systems having a power of 5, 6, and 7 kW with the addition of number and size of the appropriate storage batteries without interruption in the power supply to the main grid, the COE value of the installed systems was respectively 0.117, 0.114, and 0.112 ($/kWh). Also NPC ($) respectively was 86645, 85540, and 84718 ($). Thus the current values indicate the usefulness of the installed systems, also, when installing an 8 kW photoelectric system with suitable batteries in case the power is not cut off from the main grid, the resulting values: COE equals 0.109, and NPC equals 83390.16$. In case of a power outage from the main grid for 400 hours a year, and the installed system has a power of 8 kW with appropriate storage batteries, it was found that the installed system is not economically feasible and not sufficient to meet the household needs of electricity so that it needs a very high powering system and a huge number of batteries with large size. Accordingly, an alternative option was set, by installing a diesel generator that converts kinetic energy into electrical energy to meet the consumer’s need for electrical current in case of a power outage according to the number of outage hours during the year.