Secondary School Design
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Date
2015
Authors
Abed El Ruhman Badwan
Sharief Mohammad
Ahmad Shtaya
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
schools have existed at least since ancient Greece , ancient Rome ancient India , and ancient China . The Byzantine Empire had an established schooling system beginning at the primary level. According to Traditions and Encounters, the founding of the primary education system began in 425 AD . Islam was another culture that developed a school system in the modern sense of the word. Emphasis was put on knowledge, which required a systematic way of teaching and spreading knowledge, and purpose-built structures. At first, mosques combined both religious performance and learning activities, but by the 9th century, the Madrassa was introduced, a proper school that was built independently from the mosque. They were also the first to make the Madrassa system a public domain under the control of the Caliph. PURPOSE AND SCOPEThis report was prepared to fully fie the requirements of the graduation curse .The purpose of this report is to assist and develop the designing process and planning of education centers and schools to achieve perfect environment and structure of the education system and to help any later work in this field .Sadly in our community no enough concentration on the designing of the education surrounding environment in comparison with the education itself , though the environment has a great effect on the students both physically and Psychological condition .On the physical condition the well design will reduce the amount of wasted effort that done by the students to reach their classis and this will increase the activity of the students on the other hand good and environment design will protect the students from the extremes of the weather in the summer and winter due to good insulation and passive solar gain design etc .Good orientation of the building will provide a sufficient daylight that make more comfortable environment which would increase the activity of the students . A very important case in schools is sport and sport facilities which every school must have and organize to make healthy students and this will increase the amount of Correlation between the students and the education system the reason which will increase the effort of students in the school. On the physiological hand which related with a strong connection to the physical one, because the physical conditions affect the physiological conditions positively or negatively depend on the way the design done .The environment surrounding the school is a very important issue to determine the wind direction, sun position in summer and winter and construction material .The wind direction study insure that the amount of humidity in the institute will be study and will not cause any problems in the future to achieve a sustainable design which stay longer to look for the budget because maintenance expansive more than construction in the long term .humidity will affect the appearance and the health of the students so it must be tacking in consideration. Sun position related strongly to the orientation of the building , the sun provide efficient daylight and this is a very critical issue because the education process done during the day and to reduce the reliability on electricity and to have light in rooms you need widows and windows provide more over the light a view which increase the physiological status . sunlight in the winter very important to provide solar gain in the building to make it comfortable with out or minimize the dependency on other expensive and polluting methods.The material using in construction must be selected very well to provide effective envelope ,also the color must be sensitive to the usage of the area to affect the physiological condition positively to make a good education zone. SUBJECT OF THE STUDY The report is about a school that will be design in our community to achieve the perfect architectural , structural, mechanical , electrical and environmental design that would be decided to achieve previously .The school decided to be an elementary school with a cretin number of student and this number must be related to the space provided for each student . After the architectural chapter finish we can provide a exact number of the area of the school and the spacing in the school and its relation .the type of construction materials also will be decided after chapter III , and it will concede the availability of these material and its cost to be suitable to the budget of the project . The main purpose of the study is to overcome local problems that facing our schools and even a word wide problems .These problems figured from three local case studies ( Azzon- high school, Salfet elementary School and bet-wzan high school), and one worldwide study.These cases will be discussed thoroughly starting with "Azzon high school" ,the main problem was the orientation of the building and the humidity inside the school . The orientation was located in a wrong way that the building will not benefit from the daylight from the sun and this increase the dependency on electricity which cost the school more money and reduce the comfort of the eye of the student which reduce the activity of the students . And the humidity problems was due to the in sufficient protection of the internal walls and the wrong placement of bath rooms and water connections , also the previous problem of the orientation of the building that does not take advantage of the daylight that could evaporate the extra muster in the air. The second case study was bet-wazn high school ,which containing a lot of problems starting with the bad orientation , bad or Unavailability of floor and external wall insulation and the leakage through cracks .The salfet elementary school faced some problems like the bad orientation this time the amount of light that entering the school was disturbing , the long stairs in the building is very long for children finally the bad geometry of the school which case a bad relation between spacing .The final case is LAURISTON PRIMARY SCHOOLThe main problem was in that schools is the maximum amount of noise in that area because it is an industrial area and the place was available very cheaply so they rebuild a school to achieve the maximum amount of sound insulation , flexibility, and they use timber as expose walls because timber is a good insulation for sound. The school was designed to get benefit from the environment . OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY There are many objective of this study , but in general the objective we do care for is the ones that help us to overcome the local problems in our schools firstly and second the world wide problems .A list of problems was chosen to be a base point of the design and there are : Good architectural appearance Safety structural design Suitable cost Friendly environment Max benefit from the environment Low energy building Adhesive mechanical system Good insulation Perfect orientation in summer and winter Not affected by the surrounding noise Water proof Suitable amount of illumination from sun and artificial lighting Good transportation and aces system in the school Perfect geometry of the school Provide suitable spacing for each studentsThese are the main objective of the study and other minor objective will be fixed . METHODOLOGY FIELD WORKThe methodology used to prepare this report relies on two phases of preparatory work : filed work and archival research .During the semester a visit done to three cases as the report mentioned previously . photo was taken that describe the problems in each case , opinions and suggestion were taken to overcome these problems and a study to the climate in our local area was simply done .The visits to the field come with it a registration to the main and critical problems in the visited locations .The field work done as a team work and each part of the team went to a study case and notice the problems and gave his personal opinion to what consider as critical problems based on a experience in these case studies . The archival research was done through books from internet and libraries to figure the standard of designing school , also to study a worldwide cases and problem like the study in the report about LUARISTON PRIMARY SCHOOL.The research will be taken from scientific and reliable means and every book ,paper or report will consider as reference .  
schools have existed at least since ancient Greece , ancient Rome ancient India , and ancient China . The Byzantine Empire had an established schooling system beginning at the primary level. According to Traditions and Encounters, the founding of the primary education system began in 425 AD . Islam was another culture that developed a school system in the modern sense of the word. Emphasis was put on knowledge, which required a systematic way of teaching and spreading knowledge, and purpose-built structures. At first, mosques combined both religious performance and learning activities, but by the 9th century, the Madrassa was introduced, a proper school that was built independently from the mosque. They were also the first to make the Madrassa system a public domain under the control of the Caliph. PURPOSE AND SCOPEThis report was prepared to fully fie the requirements of the graduation curse .The purpose of this report is to assist and develop the designing process and planning of education centers and schools to achieve perfect environment and structure of the education system and to help any later work in this field .Sadly in our community no enough concentration on the designing of the education surrounding environment in comparison with the education itself , though the environment has a great effect on the students both physically and Psychological condition .On the physical condition the well design will reduce the amount of wasted effort that done by the students to reach their classis and this will increase the activity of the students on the other hand good and environment design will protect the students from the extremes of the weather in the summer and winter due to good insulation and passive solar gain design etc .Good orientation of the building will provide a sufficient daylight that make more comfortable environment which would increase the activity of the students . A very important case in schools is sport and sport facilities which every school must have and organize to make healthy students and this will increase the amount of Correlation between the students and the education system the reason which will increase the effort of students in the school. On the physiological hand which related with a strong connection to the physical one, because the physical conditions affect the physiological conditions positively or negatively depend on the way the design done .The environment surrounding the school is a very important issue to determine the wind direction, sun position in summer and winter and construction material .The wind direction study insure that the amount of humidity in the institute will be study and will not cause any problems in the future to achieve a sustainable design which stay longer to look for the budget because maintenance expansive more than construction in the long term .humidity will affect the appearance and the health of the students so it must be tacking in consideration. Sun position related strongly to the orientation of the building , the sun provide efficient daylight and this is a very critical issue because the education process done during the day and to reduce the reliability on electricity and to have light in rooms you need widows and windows provide more over the light a view which increase the physiological status . sunlight in the winter very important to provide solar gain in the building to make it comfortable with out or minimize the dependency on other expensive and polluting methods.The material using in construction must be selected very well to provide effective envelope ,also the color must be sensitive to the usage of the area to affect the physiological condition positively to make a good education zone. SUBJECT OF THE STUDY The report is about a school that will be design in our community to achieve the perfect architectural , structural, mechanical , electrical and environmental design that would be decided to achieve previously .The school decided to be an elementary school with a cretin number of student and this number must be related to the space provided for each student . After the architectural chapter finish we can provide a exact number of the area of the school and the spacing in the school and its relation .the type of construction materials also will be decided after chapter III , and it will concede the availability of these material and its cost to be suitable to the budget of the project . The main purpose of the study is to overcome local problems that facing our schools and even a word wide problems .These problems figured from three local case studies ( Azzon- high school, Salfet elementary School and bet-wzan high school), and one worldwide study.These cases will be discussed thoroughly starting with "Azzon high school" ,the main problem was the orientation of the building and the humidity inside the school . The orientation was located in a wrong way that the building will not benefit from the daylight from the sun and this increase the dependency on electricity which cost the school more money and reduce the comfort of the eye of the student which reduce the activity of the students . And the humidity problems was due to the in sufficient protection of the internal walls and the wrong placement of bath rooms and water connections , also the previous problem of the orientation of the building that does not take advantage of the daylight that could evaporate the extra muster in the air. The second case study was bet-wazn high school ,which containing a lot of problems starting with the bad orientation , bad or Unavailability of floor and external wall insulation and the leakage through cracks .The salfet elementary school faced some problems like the bad orientation this time the amount of light that entering the school was disturbing , the long stairs in the building is very long for children finally the bad geometry of the school which case a bad relation between spacing .The final case is LAURISTON PRIMARY SCHOOLThe main problem was in that schools is the maximum amount of noise in that area because it is an industrial area and the place was available very cheaply so they rebuild a school to achieve the maximum amount of sound insulation , flexibility, and they use timber as expose walls because timber is a good insulation for sound. The school was designed to get benefit from the environment . OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY There are many objective of this study , but in general the objective we do care for is the ones that help us to overcome the local problems in our schools firstly and second the world wide problems .A list of problems was chosen to be a base point of the design and there are : Good architectural appearance Safety structural design Suitable cost Friendly environment Max benefit from the environment Low energy building Adhesive mechanical system Good insulation Perfect orientation in summer and winter Not affected by the surrounding noise Water proof Suitable amount of illumination from sun and artificial lighting Good transportation and aces system in the school Perfect geometry of the school Provide suitable spacing for each studentsThese are the main objective of the study and other minor objective will be fixed . METHODOLOGY FIELD WORKThe methodology used to prepare this report relies on two phases of preparatory work : filed work and archival research .During the semester a visit done to three cases as the report mentioned previously . photo was taken that describe the problems in each case , opinions and suggestion were taken to overcome these problems and a study to the climate in our local area was simply done .The visits to the field come with it a registration to the main and critical problems in the visited locations .The field work done as a team work and each part of the team went to a study case and notice the problems and gave his personal opinion to what consider as critical problems based on a experience in these case studies . The archival research was done through books from internet and libraries to figure the standard of designing school , also to study a worldwide cases and problem like the study in the report about LUARISTON PRIMARY SCHOOL.The research will be taken from scientific and reliable means and every book ,paper or report will consider as reference .  
schools have existed at least since ancient Greece , ancient Rome ancient India , and ancient China . The Byzantine Empire had an established schooling system beginning at the primary level. According to Traditions and Encounters, the founding of the primary education system began in 425 AD . Islam was another culture that developed a school system in the modern sense of the word. Emphasis was put on knowledge, which required a systematic way of teaching and spreading knowledge, and purpose-built structures. At first, mosques combined both religious performance and learning activities, but by the 9th century, the Madrassa was introduced, a proper school that was built independently from the mosque. They were also the first to make the Madrassa system a public domain under the control of the Caliph. PURPOSE AND SCOPEThis report was prepared to fully fie the requirements of the graduation curse .The purpose of this report is to assist and develop the designing process and planning of education centers and schools to achieve perfect environment and structure of the education system and to help any later work in this field .Sadly in our community no enough concentration on the designing of the education surrounding environment in comparison with the education itself , though the environment has a great effect on the students both physically and Psychological condition .On the physical condition the well design will reduce the amount of wasted effort that done by the students to reach their classis and this will increase the activity of the students on the other hand good and environment design will protect the students from the extremes of the weather in the summer and winter due to good insulation and passive solar gain design etc .Good orientation of the building will provide a sufficient daylight that make more comfortable environment which would increase the activity of the students . A very important case in schools is sport and sport facilities which every school must have and organize to make healthy students and this will increase the amount of Correlation between the students and the education system the reason which will increase the effort of students in the school. On the physiological hand which related with a strong connection to the physical one, because the physical conditions affect the physiological conditions positively or negatively depend on the way the design done .The environment surrounding the school is a very important issue to determine the wind direction, sun position in summer and winter and construction material .The wind direction study insure that the amount of humidity in the institute will be study and will not cause any problems in the future to achieve a sustainable design which stay longer to look for the budget because maintenance expansive more than construction in the long term .humidity will affect the appearance and the health of the students so it must be tacking in consideration. Sun position related strongly to the orientation of the building , the sun provide efficient daylight and this is a very critical issue because the education process done during the day and to reduce the reliability on electricity and to have light in rooms you need widows and windows provide more over the light a view which increase the physiological status . sunlight in the winter very important to provide solar gain in the building to make it comfortable with out or minimize the dependency on other expensive and polluting methods.The material using in construction must be selected very well to provide effective envelope ,also the color must be sensitive to the usage of the area to affect the physiological condition positively to make a good education zone. SUBJECT OF THE STUDY The report is about a school that will be design in our community to achieve the perfect architectural , structural, mechanical , electrical and environmental design that would be decided to achieve previously .The school decided to be an elementary school with a cretin number of student and this number must be related to the space provided for each student . After the architectural chapter finish we can provide a exact number of the area of the school and the spacing in the school and its relation .the type of construction materials also will be decided after chapter III , and it will concede the availability of these material and its cost to be suitable to the budget of the project . The main purpose of the study is to overcome local problems that facing our schools and even a word wide problems .These problems figured from three local case studies ( Azzon- high school, Salfet elementary School and bet-wzan high school), and one worldwide study.These cases will be discussed thoroughly starting with "Azzon high school" ,the main problem was the orientation of the building and the humidity inside the school . The orientation was located in a wrong way that the building will not benefit from the daylight from the sun and this increase the dependency on electricity which cost the school more money and reduce the comfort of the eye of the student which reduce the activity of the students . And the humidity problems was due to the in sufficient protection of the internal walls and the wrong placement of bath rooms and water connections , also the previous problem of the orientation of the building that does not take advantage of the daylight that could evaporate the extra muster in the air. The second case study was bet-wazn high school ,which containing a lot of problems starting with the bad orientation , bad or Unavailability of floor and external wall insulation and the leakage through cracks .The salfet elementary school faced some problems like the bad orientation this time the amount of light that entering the school was disturbing , the long stairs in the building is very long for children finally the bad geometry of the school which case a bad relation between spacing .The final case is LAURISTON PRIMARY SCHOOLThe main problem was in that schools is the maximum amount of noise in that area because it is an industrial area and the place was available very cheaply so they rebuild a school to achieve the maximum amount of sound insulation , flexibility, and they use timber as expose walls because timber is a good insulation for sound. The school was designed to get benefit from the environment . OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY There are many objective of this study , but in general the objective we do care for is the ones that help us to overcome the local problems in our schools firstly and second the world wide problems .A list of problems was chosen to be a base point of the design and there are : Good architectural appearance Safety structural design Suitable cost Friendly environment Max benefit from the environment Low energy building Adhesive mechanical system Good insulation Perfect orientation in summer and winter Not affected by the surrounding noise Water proof Suitable amount of illumination from sun and artificial lighting Good transportation and aces system in the school Perfect geometry of the school Provide suitable spacing for each studentsThese are the main objective of the study and other minor objective will be fixed . METHODOLOGY FIELD WORKThe methodology used to prepare this report relies on two phases of preparatory work : filed work and archival research .During the semester a visit done to three cases as the report mentioned previously . photo was taken that describe the problems in each case , opinions and suggestion were taken to overcome these problems and a study to the climate in our local area was simply done .The visits to the field come with it a registration to the main and critical problems in the visited locations .The field work done as a team work and each part of the team went to a study case and notice the problems and gave his personal opinion to what consider as critical problems based on a experience in these case studies . The archival research was done through books from internet and libraries to figure the standard of designing school , also to study a worldwide cases and problem like the study in the report about LUARISTON PRIMARY SCHOOL.The research will be taken from scientific and reliable means and every book ,paper or report will consider as reference .