Organic Wastewater Treatment using Nickel Oxide and Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles
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Date
2021-08-31
Authors
Zaqli, Fathi
Dradi, Husain
Abou Issa, Jamil
Sawafta, Mays
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Abstract
In this study, the adsorptive removal of Alizarin red S (ARS) model molecule as organic pollutant from the aqueous solutions onto two different commercial nanoparticles of nickel oxide (NiO) and magnesium oxide (MgO), respectively, has been studied. Many factors were included in this study showing the effect of each factor on the path of the effective adsorptive process for the model molecule using the current mentioned nanoparticles, for instance initial concentration of the solution, pH of the solution, contact time, and the adsorbed quantities of the model molecule on these nanoparticles. These factors were classified under three main categories as isotherm study group, thermodynamics study group, and kinetics study group covering all the elements mentioned previously that were required to be studied and fulfilled in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the adsorptive removal of Alizarin red S. Each study group has been scoped out within an arrangement of batch mode experiments. The adsorption of Alizarin red S as organic contaminant by both NiO and MgO nanoparticles was significantly fast, clear, and effective at low concentrations reaching equilibrium within five minutes merely for the MgO nanoparticle and about three minutes for the NiO nanoparticle, where the adsorption equilibrium data fitted perfectly with the Sips adsorption isotherm model. The maximum uptake for adsorption removal was maintained at 25 mg adsorbate per g adsorbent for MgO nanoparticle while 30 mg adsorbate per g adsorbent for NiO nanoparticle. Thus, illustrating a great opportunity to divert the idea of the project into applicable industrial application using these nanoparticles for this kind of organic pollutant. The pH effect on the adsorption capacity was not related directly to each other, where the best adsorption capacity removal was at around neutral pH of seven. Also, the thermodynamic parameters such as the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy were determined experimentally, indicating that the adsorption process for Alizarin red S using NiO nanoparticle was spontaneous since it was exothermic while was endothermic for MgO nanoparticle. The regeneration process has shown that the NiO can be employed effectively for the adsorption of the organic Alizarin red S contaminant repeatedly without affecting the adsorption capacity as MgO nanoparticle did, thus indicating the sustainability of NiO nanoparticle.