METAPHOR ACROSS CULTURES IN ANNE OF GREEN GABLES BETWEEN TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NETFLIXE’S AND SUKAINA IBRAHIM’S RENDETIONS FROM ENGLISH INTO ARABIC

Abstract

Metaphors are highly cultural expressions that carry different meanings and functions in different languages. Since these expressions are heavily used in literary texts as well as in audio-visual productions, this thesis conducts a comparative analysis between translating the metaphors allocated in the Canadian novel Anne of Green Gables by Sukaina Ibrahim and their counterparts in the subtitles of the Netflix series Anne with an E. The analysed data include 40 pairs of identical metaphors extracted from the novel and the series. To answer the research questions of the thesis, the researcher employs three theoretical frameworks, namely, the Conceptual Theory of Metaphors (CTM), Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS), and Newmark’s (1988) translation strategies. Data analysis shows that, in the translation of the novel, both Ibrahim and Netflix are faithful to the English metaphors by the frequent use of transference. The Netflix translator, however, usually reduces the ST metaphor, and creates a different image in the TL by using substitution and descriptive equivalence. The analysis reveals that the translation variations of metaphors between the novel and the series relate to socio-cultural, ideological, and technical reasons. Therefore, the researcher recommends conducting more comparative analysis regarding translating and subtitling metaphors from English into Arabic.