Community Mental Health Nursing
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- ItemPOSTPARTUM DEPRESSIONAND ANXIETY AMONG WOMEN UNDERGO CESAREAN SECTION COMPARED WITH VAGINAL DELIVERY IN NABLUS(2023-05-31) Sojoud Abu-BakerBackground: Depression and anxiety are considered to be significant mood changes among pregnant women. Numerous studies have reported fluctuations in levels of depression and anxiety over time among women who planned for caesarean section (CS) more than a normal vaginal delivery. Based on data from the World Health Organization, around ten percent of pregnant women around the world and 13 percent of the women who have given birth experience a mental disorder, and primarily depression. Aim: The study aims to investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among women who have undergone a caesarean section versus woman who delivered normal, and to identify the related predictors of depression and anxiety. Methodology: A quantitative prospective cross-sectional approach was used in this study. The researcher used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) for anxiety was used after two weeks and six weeks of postpartum and applied on 361women who underwent caesarean section and normal delivery at large hospitals in Palestine. Results: The study showed that the majority of the participants were aged 28-37 (38.8%) and 47.1% holding a bachelor's degree. About 30.5% of women experienced psychological stress after childbirth. Family support was available to 73.1% of participants. The study revealed significant differences in anxiety and depression scores after 2 weeks post-delivery, associated with various obstetric factors such as allergies, surgical procedures, medical diseases, and family psychological history (p < 0.05). Additionally, factors like gravity, parity, abortion, gestational age, number of foetuses, number of male and female babies, type of delivery, planned caesarean delivery, type of anaesthesia during delivery, health problems after delivery, and type of feeding also showed similar associations (p < 0.05). These findings underscore the importance of considering these obstetric factors as potential risk factors impacting maternal mental health during the postpartum period. Conclusions: The researcher found the total percentage of post-partum women who suffer from severe PPD and anxiety were high especially for CS group, according to the findings of the study, midwives should focus on providing healthcare for woman after six weeks of childbirth especial CS group, because through our study, the incidence of PPD and anxiety increase with time, especially in this period and focus on decreased factors that increased occurrence of PPD and anxiety. Keywords: Cesarean section, Postpartum depression, Anxiety, Risk factor, Women, Normal Delivery.
- ItemPREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF POST-PARTUM ANXIETY SYMPTOMS AMONG PALESTINIAN WOMEN(جامعة النجاح الوطنية, 2022-03-17) SaadAdeen, SanaBackground Over 20% of women are estimated to develop a mental disorder during pregnancy and/or for up to a year postpartum, with anxiety and depression being the most common co-morbidities. Postpartum anxiety is less well studied than postpartum depression in terms of prevalence and risk factors. Suffering from severe postpartum anxiety can put a strain on maternal neglect and disrupt the mother-infant relationship. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of postpartum anxiety symptoms among Palestinian women. Setting: This study was conducted in Salfit and Nablus at governmental primary health care clinics affiliated with the Palestinian Ministry of Health. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional design was utilized on a nonprobability convenience sample. A total of 510 mothers with one healthy baby (0 to 6 months) completed socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristic questionnaire along with Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS). Results: The majority of women reached postsecondary education (bachelor's degree 58%). The highest percentage of participants (42 %) were between the ages of 26 and 32 years. The majority of participants (81.4%) were unemployed. Although 63% of the participants planned their pregnancy, 36.9% did not. Despite 92% did not report any complications after childbirth and 60% had a normal delivery, but unfortunately, 36.3% of them did not follow up postpartum care at local clinic. Only (44.3%) of the participants reported that the feeding type was natural breastfeeding. Most of mothers (89.2%) had no feeding difficulties. The findings revealed that (91.6%) received support from their husbands. And, (85.7%) received support from other source. The total number of post-partum women who suffer from postpartum anxiety was 59 out of 510 (11.6%) according to the total score of PSAS. Conclusion: The results showed a slight variation in the proportions of anxiety according to the demographic variables and characteristics of the women in postpartum period, but these differences had no statistically significance. Only three factors were significant predictors of postpartum anxiety including feeding difficulties, presence of emotional support from husband and presence of emotional support from other source.
- ItemAnxiety and Depression Symptoms among Pregnant Women via In Vitro Fertilization Compared with Naturally Pregnant Women Referred to Antenatal Clinics: A Comparative Study(An-Najah National University, 2019-01-09) Qalalwi, AlaIntroduction: Pregnancy is considered a critical period in a woman’s life. During this period, the woman experiences massive hormonal fluctuations, thus affecting her life physically, socially and psychologically. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess levels of anxiety and depression among pregnant women via In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) in infertility centers during the three trimesters of pregnancy and compare them with naturally pregnant women referred to the antenatal clinics. Method: A descriptive comparative design was used to collect data from the pregnant women who visited all private infertility centers and all Palestinian Ministry of Health (MOH)’s antenatal clinics in the West Bank. Result: The findings have showed that pregnant women via IVF were more likely to experience anxiety and depression symptoms than naturally pregnant women (11 and 4.2 times, respectively) with significant differences (P: 0.00 and P: 0.021, respectively). In addition, the findings have also showed that pregnant women via IVF were 14 times more likely to have anxiety or depression symptoms than naturally pregnant women with significant differences (P: 0.000).
- ItemASSESSMENT OF THE PALLIATIVE CARE AND DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS AMONG CANCER PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY(جامعة النجاح الوطنية, 2022-02-24) Battat, MaherBackground: Palliative care is critical for redundancy in cancer patients looking for quality of life improvement; symptom assessment should be incorporated in clinical practice routines at all stages of cancer. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) used to rate the intensity of ten symptom assessment that has been designed and validated for cancer patients in a variety of languages and cultures. On the other hand, Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI II) used to assess depression symptoms and depression severity, which is one of the palliative care symptoms among cancer patients that can be assessed by ESAS. Therefore, the study aims to assess cancer patients reported symptoms focusing on depression using ESAS scores and the BDI II scale to identify patients who would benefit from palliative care that can improve the integration of palliative care into standard oncology care at An-Najah National University Hospital (NNUH). Methods: A cross-sectional study was selected for 271 cancer patients by using a convenience sampling method at NNUH. Demographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics are described. The results of the moderate to severe symptoms (score >4) reported by the patients were obtained using the ESAS. The BDI II scale was used to detect the level of depression. Results: The survey consisted of 271 patients, with a response rate of 95%. The average age of the patients was 47±17.7 years, with a range of 18 to 84 years. The male to female ratio was around 1:1 and 59.4 % of the patients were outpatients, and 153 (56.5 %) had hematologic malignancies. Fatigue (62.7 %) and drowsiness (61.6 %) were the most common moderate to severe symptoms in ESAS, also Pain (54.6 %), nausea (40.2 %), , lack of appetite (55.0 %), Sortness Of Breath (SOB) (28.5%), depression (40.6 %), anxiety (47.2 %), and poor well-being (56.5 %) were reported. In terms of BDI II depression scores, the majority of cancer patients (n=104, 38.4%) had minimal depression, while 22.5 %, 22.1 %, and 17.0 % had mild, moderate, and severe depression, respectively, with statistically significant associations between all symptoms of ESAS symptoms and BDI II scores. Conclusions: Fatigue and drowsiness were the most reported symptoms according to the ESAS scale among cancer patients, while depression ranged from minimal to severe according to BDI II mostly minimal depression, whereas moderate to severe depression symptom was reported on cancer patients using ESAS. ESAS and BDI II were functional tools for depression symptoms among cancer patients to establish palliative care services. Implications: ESAS is an applicable tool for assessing palliative care symptoms among cancer patients at NNUH to improve their quality of life.
- ItemPrevalence of Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study(جامعة النجاح الوطنية, 2021-12-08) صالح, مناهلالخلفية: يتسم اضطراب الوسواس القهري بأن المصاب فيه يشعر بأنه يحتاج إلى ممارسة تصرف بشكل متكرر ومستمر، على الرغم من حقيقة أن هذه السلوكيات ليست اعتيادية للفرد، وهي امتداد لسلوك الوسواس القهري، يمكن أن تكون معدلات السلوكيات الوسواسية زادت خلال جائحة COVID-19 بسبب الاحتياطات الوقائية ضد هذا الفيروس. الهدف: تهدف الدراسة إلى تحديد مدى انتشار سلوك الوسواس القهري خلال جائحة COVID-1. المنهجية: تم استخدام تصميم الدراسة المقطعية لتقييم السلوك الوسواسي القهري بين عينة عامة من السكان. تم استخدام تقنية العينة العشوائية البسيطة لجمع البيانات (عدد العينة = 421). تم جمع البيانات باستخدام استبيان (مقياس ييل-براون) لاضطراب الوسواس القهري. النتائج: بلغ معدل انتشار أعراض سلوك الوسواس القهري بين المشاركين (47.0٪) خلال جائحة COVID-19. كان الأشخاص المصابون بأمراض أخرى مثل ارتفاع ضغط الدم والسكري وأمراض القلب وغيرهم أكثر عرضة بنسبة 2.4 مرة للإصابة بالسلوك القهري مقارنة بالآخرين من الأشخاص الأصحاء. كان الأشخاص المصابون بـ COVID-19 أكثر عرضة للإصابة بسلوك الوسواس القهري بمقدار الضعف مقارنة بالأشخاص غير المصابين. من ناحية أخرى، كان الأشخاص الذين لم يلتزموا بإجراءات السلامة أقل عرضة بنسبة 0.31 مرة لتطوير سلوك الوسواس القهري من الآخرين الذين التزموا عن كثب بهذه الإجراءات. إلى جانب ذلك، أظهرت الدراسة أن الأشخاص الذين تم تشخيصهم سابقًا بالوسواس القهري معرضون بنسبة 4.95 مرة لخطر تفاقم حالتهم خلال هذا الوباء. الخلاصة: إن لوباء COVID-19 تأثير سلبي على سلوك أفراد الشعب الفلسطيني، فغالبية المشاركين لديهم علامات على سلوك الوسواس القهري، والمشاركين الذين أصيبوا بالوسواس القهري قد تفاقمت حالتهم خلال جائحة COVID-19. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن المشاركين الذين أصيبوا بـ COVID-19 هم أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالوسواس القهري من أولئك الذين لم يصابوا به. على وزارة الصحة الفلسطينية أن تسلط الضوء على تداعيات الوباء على الصحة النفسية، ولا سيما فهم أعراض اضطراب الوسواس القهري. الكلمات المفتاحية: انتشار، وسواس، قهري، سلوك، الوسواس القهري، كوفيد -19، جائحة، فلسطين.