An-Najah University Journal for Research - A (Natural Sciences)

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Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetric Studies of Emodin
(1999) Mohammad A. Hannoun
A differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetric (DP-CSV) method for determination of emodin in Britton- Robinson buffer (pH2) at a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMIDE) is described. The method is based on measuring the reductive peak height at —0.25V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The linear relationship between the peak current and emodin concentration allowed the voltarnmetric determination of emodin over a wide concentration range 1.0 X 10-2 —2.5 X10-6 M, with a relative standard deviation of 3.3% (10 determinations at 1 X 10-2 M). Adsorption of emodin at HMDE enabled a detection limit of 2X10-1°M after 3 min accumulation at 0.0V. The applicability of the suggested method was found to be suitable for the determination of emodin in roots, stems and leaves of Rumex cyprius plant.
Alpha, Beta- Unsaturated Lactone-Nitrone Cycloadditions: a Route to the Synthesis of (±)–Tussilagin
(1994) Mohammed A. Al-Nuri
Reaction of nitrone (V with a, f1 -unsaturated lactone C.4) resulted in the isolation of a single adduct (7). The observed high regiochemical control has encouraged further explorations of natural product synthesis. A route to the synthesis of an interesting member of Pyrrolizidine- Alkaloid family; (±) -Tussilagin 90/ has been described.
Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease on Cucumber: Susceptibility and Control ‎Using Leaf Disk Assay
(2003) Yacoub Batta
Results obtained in the present research using leaf disk assay indicated significant differences in susceptibility of tested cucumber cultivars to Alternaria cucumerina-infection. Hasan cultivar was the most susceptible, but Rocket cultivar was the least susceptible. Assessment of treatment efficacy with fungicides and Trichoderma harzianum against the disease using leaf disk assay indicated the presence of significant differences between the treatments with 4 types of new, low-residual fungicides or 2 forms of T. harzianum and the control treatments with a blank formulation of invert emulsion or sterile distilled water. Treatments with fungicides just before the disease inoculation demonstrated that Score® and Switch® completely inhibited appearance of the disease-lesion on treated cucumber leaf-discs when applied at a rate of 0.35% (V/V) and 0.20% (W/V), respectively. Treatments with the same fungicides at the same application rates 24h after the disease inoculation also completely inhibited the disease-lesion appearance when Score® was applied. It suppressed the disease-lesion diameter to 2.5mm or reduced it by 83.5% relative to control when Switch® was applied. Moreover, application of formulated conidia of T. harzianum in invert emulsion at a concentration of 2.0X108 conidia/ml significantly suppressed the disease-lesion diameter on treated cucumber leaf-discs. Such application decreased the lesion diameter to 4.5 and 6.5mm or reduced it by 70.4 and 57.2% relative to control when used just before or 24h after the disease inoculation, respectively. It is, thus, concluded that the results obtained on susceptibility of cucumber cultivars to the disease infection and its control should be confirmed on whole plants under field conditions before being recommended to be applied by the farmers and extension agents.
The Analysis of the Water Balance of the Soil in the North of Jordan during (1970 - 2009)
(2016) Mohammad Zeitoun
The study aimed to identify water balance in the north of Jordan to see the periods of water surplus and water deficit. This study is beneficial for the agricultural sector through exploiting the periods of water surplus when the soil is saturated and does not suffer from a lack of moisture and when it can be useful in to depend on rain fed agriculture as a method of irrigation. It crucial to know the periods when there is water deficit to be cautious when there is a lack of moisture which may be harmful to crops consequently, avoiding this period or using other methods of irrigation to water the crops. Four climatic stations in the northern part of Jordan were included in the study, namely: (R'as Munif, Al-Baqura, Irbid and Mafraq) to provide measurements of temperature and rain for long periods of time. The amended Thornthwaite method of 1955 and rain data and annual temperature between the years (1970 – 2009) were used in the calculation of water balance. The water balance was calculated by using the amended Thornthwaite method to calculate the average of the potential evapotranspiration then to calculate water balance accordingly. The results indicated that there were two periods in terms of spatial distribution of moisture: water surplus which lasted for (3 – 5) months and water shortage which lasted for (7 – 9) months. R'as Munif station scored the highest water surplus which amounted to (418 mm) and the longest period of water deficient was scored in Mafraq which lasted for ninth months. The highest water deficient was scored in Al-Baqura station which reached to (1046mm).
Application of Water Allocation System Model to the Palestinian - Israeli Water Conflict
(2001) Anan Jayyousi
Water in the Middle East is a scarce resource. This scarcity is adding another dimension to the conflict between Palestinians and Israelis. This dimension is the conflict over the ownership and the distribution of water. In the late nineties experts both in and out of the region started to estimate the value of water in dispute. These ideas were elaborated in a computer model called Water Allocation System (WAS 3.3). The paper applied the WAS 3.3 model to explore the economic consequences of various water scenarios. The questions answered in this paper are related to the distribution of water in the region, the production of additional water to cover the growing demand, the provisions for dry years, the allocation of costs and benefits and price charge to the consumers of water. Variables in the various scenarios are population growth and land ownership and the ownership of water. In this paper, only implications and results from the Palestinian side will be discussed. Also, all the simulations in this paper are taken for the planning year 2010. The outcome of this paper shows that additional quantities of water should be made available to the Palestinians, regardless of the assumed scenarios in the different simulations. Also, the outcome shows that all parties in the region will gain if cooperation exists between these parties once the question of water rights is determined.
Architectural Characteristics of the Islamic Caravanserais Case Study: Khanalwakalah in the City of Nablus
(2011) Mohammed Itma
This study discusses the subject of Islamic caravansaries and sheds light on the architectural components of the Khan-al-Wakalah building in Nablus -one of the model Ottoman caravansaries in Palestine- It aims to collect and analyze more information on the Khan-al-Wakalah. This building is at the center of attention for Palestinians, because it will be re-used as a commercial center after the restoration works of the municipality of Nablus are completed. As a comprehensive historical study of the Khan-al-Wakalah does not exist, any supplementary information reached by this study may be of interest to the institutions working on the project. The study compares the original architectural components of the Khan-al-Wakalah -before the earthquake of 1927– with those components of other Islamic caravansaries. The objective is to examine whether these components meet Islamic standards for building caravanserais at the Ottoman period or not. The study concludes that most of the architectural characteristics of the Khan-al-Wakalah match the general standards of Islamic khans which were built inside cities, as it does not contain defense walls or other services that used to be found in caravanserais which were built outside cities. However, some of its components have distinctive shapes, cause of the nature of the site where Khan-al-Wakalah was built. One especially the shape of the courtyard which proves to be irregular, contrary to what is common in most other regular courtyards of Islamic khans.
Assessing the Business Needs and Readiness of Palestinian Municipalities to Adapt GIS to Promote Public Services
(2017) Abdel Nasser Arafat; Ahmed R.Ghodieh; Ali Abdelhamid; Ihab Hijazi; Rani El Meouche; Sana Qasim
This paper uses a case study approach to explore the extent to which the municipalities in Palestinian cities are ready to adopt GIS in their business procedures to improve service delivery and planning activities. For this purpose the business needs and data requirements of Bidya municipality which represent Palestine case were researched by adapting Tomlinson’s approach for planning GIS. The research provide a list of Information Products (IPs) which are cases of how GIS will benefit the municipality and support the various work processes, whereas these (IPs) were used to extract a Master Input Data List (MIDL) and a database schema which reflect the actual and comprehensive data requirements to operate the needed GIS. The research concluded that in general most Palestinian municipalities do have other priorities which are considered prerequisites for adopting the GIS and getting the maximum benefits out of it, such as; land registration, addressing system and activating the property tax collection system.
Assessment of Aquifer Vulnerability to Contamination in Khanyounis Governorate, Gaza Strip - Palestine, Using the DRASTIC Model within GIS Environment
(2011) Akram Al Hallaq; Basheer Abu Elaish
This study aims to: 1) assess the vulnerability of the aquifer to contamination in Khanyounis governorate, 2) find out the groundwater vulnerable zones to contamination in the aquifer of the study area, and 3) provide a spatial analysis of the parameters and conditions under which groundwater may become contaminated by applying the DRASTIC model within GIS environment. The model uses seven environmental parameters: Depth of water table, net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone, and hydraulic Conductivity to evaluate aquifer vulnerability. Based on this model and by using ArcGIS 9.3 software, an attempt was made to create vulnerability maps for the study area. According to the DRASTIC model index and pesticide DRASTIC index, the study has shown that in the western part of the study area the vulnerability to contamination ranges between high and very high due to the shallowness of water table with moderate to high recharge potential, and permeable soils. To the east of the previous part and in the south-eastern part, vulnerability to contamination is moderate. In the central and the eastern part, vulnerability to contamination is low due to depth of water table. Vulnerability Analysis of the DRASTIC Model indicates that the highest risk of contamination of groundwater in the study area originates from the soil media. The impact of vadose zone, depth to water level, and hydraulic conductivity imply moderate risks of contamination, while net recharge, aquifer media, and topography impose a low risk of aquifer contamination. The coefficient of variation (CV) indicates that a high contribution to the variation of vulnerability index is made by the topography. Moderate contribution is made by the depth to water level, and net recharge, while impact of vadose zone, hydraulic conductivity, soil media, and Aquifer media are the least variable parameters. The low variability of the parameters implies a smaller contribution to the variation of the vulnerability index across the study area. Moreover, the "effective" weights of the DRASTIC parameters obtained in this study exhibited some deviation from that of the "theoretical" weights. Soil media and the impact of vadose zone were the most effective parameters in the vulnerability assessment because their mean "effective" weight was higher than their respective "theoretical" weight.. This explains the importance of soil media and vadose layers in the DRASTIC model. However, it is advised to get the accurate and detailed information on these two specific parameters. The GIS technique has provided efficient environment for analyses and high capabilities of handling large spatial data. Given these results, this model highlights as a tool can be used by national authorities, and decision makers especially in the agricultural areas that use chemicals and pesticides which are most likely to contaminate groundwater resources.
Assessment of Dietary Energy and its Elements among Nursing Students in the Gaza Strip
(2007) Baker Zabut; Mahmud Elhabiby
This study aimed to assess the daily consumption of dietary energy and its elements among nursing students in the Gaza Strip. The study sample consisted of (93) subjects from the faculty of Nursing at the Islamic University-Gaza (IUG), and the other consisted of 61 subjects from Palestine College of Nursing (PCN), Khan Younus. Systematic random sample was used in this study to select the subjects from both places. Every student in the sample recorded his normal food intake in a given structural food record for subsequent three days. The student t-test was used to analyze the data. Average daily energy intakes of nursing students at IUG were 2310 (males) and 1740 Kcal (females). The male students had 12.2% lower energy intake than the reference value reported by WHO, whereas the female students exactly met the reference value. In comparison with PCN, the average daily energy intakes were 2250 and 1545 Kcal for males and females. These values were 14.3% and 10.7%, respectively lower than the reference values. The Nursing male students at IUG consumed about 90 g proteins, 321g carbohydrates, and 71 g lipids that contributed to the total daily energy intake by 15.8%, 56.4% and 27.8%, respectively. On the other hand, female students consumed about 68 g proteins, 231g carbohydrates, and 59g lipids that contributed to the total daily energy intake by 15.6%, 53.6% and 30.7%, respectively. In comparison with PCN, male students consumed about 87 g proteins, 327g carbohydrates, and 62 g lipids that contributed to the total daily energy intake by 15.7%, 59.0% and 25.4%, respectively. On the other hand, female students consumed about 66 g proteins, 218 g carbohydrates, and 44 g lipids that contributed to the total daily energy intake by 17.1%, 57.1% and 25.7%, respectively. Based on body weight, the required daily energy intakes among nursing students at IUG were 2824 and 2356 Kcal for males and females respectively. The actual daily energy intakes were lower than these required values by 17.2% and 25.5%, respectively. In comparison with PCN, male and female students’ required daily energy intakes were 2740 and 2320 Kcal/day, respectively. The actual daily energy intake values were lowered from these values by 16.7% and 32.5%, respectively. Based on body weight, the daily protein requirements among nursing students at IUG were 57 and 47 gm for males and females respectively. The actual daily protein intakes were higher than these values by 60% and 43.3% respectively. In comparison with PCN, the protein requirements were 55 (males) and 46 g (females). The actual daily protein intakes were higher than these values by 58.5% and 41.2% for males and females, respectively.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Faria Catchment, Palestine
(2016) Maather Sawalha; Marwan Haddad &; Sameer Shadeed
As for the entire West Bank, Palestine including Faria catchment, groundwater is the sole available and utilizable water resource. The groundwater aquifer system of the Faria catchment is utilized through springs and wells. However, groundwater quality in the catchment are deteriorating due to the effluent of untreated wastewater from urban areas and the seepage from rural cesspits in addition to uncontrolled agricultural practices. This situation has compiled the dire need to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking and agricultural purposes in the Faria catchment. Monitoring, sampling, and testing of chemical, physical and microbial parameters for selected groundwater wells and springs in the Faria catchment were conducted during the period from December 2010 to September 2013. As much as 123 samples were collected and analyzed for various parameters, comprising SO4-2, NO3-, HCO3-, K+, Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cl-1, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), acidity (pH) and Fecal Coliform (FC). The results showed that some of the tested chemical parameters exceed the desirable limits, though most of the tested parameters are within the highest permissible limit for drinking water. Induced pollution from anthropogenic nature was detected. Additionally, FC bacteria were detected in groundwater wells and springs, which indicate the impermissible use of groundwater without disinfection for drinking purposes. Based on EC as salinity hazard and SAR as alkalinity hazard, the obtained results indicate the permissible use of groundwater for irrigation purposes in the Faria catchment.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality Using Multivariate and Spatial Analysis in Gaza, Palestine
(2016) Alaeddinne Eljamassi; Khalid El Amassi
Gaza strip suffers from the deterioration of ground water in both quality and quantity. Groundwater is one of the most precious natural resources in the Gaza Strip as it is the only source of drinking water for the majority of the population. This study assessed the quality of groundwater resources in Gaza governorate, using multivariate and spatial analysis. R Mode Factor analysis was used to extract factors that control the groundwater quality in the study area where as Cluster analysis was adopted to detect spatial similarities among sampling sites. The R mode factor analysis revealed three dominant factors, affecting the hydrochemistry of water. The biggest main factor with 64 % of variance indicates that the contamination of groundwater was mainly influenced by seawater intrusion. The cluster analysis distinguished three main spatial clusters from the data with most values exceeded the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) at different levels for each cluster. The value of the Ground Water Quality Index ranged from 43 % and 63 %, indicating that the overall quality of the water in the study area was extremely low. The present study recommends the use of Geographical information system (GIS) and its applications in generating maps to reveal the deteriorating groundwater condition to the governorate.
Assessment of Local Excavation Support Systems: A Case Study of ‎Nablus City, Palestine
(2006) Isam Jardaneh
Excavations of soil and rock are one of the most important elements in laying the subsurface structures. These excavations usually require excavation support systems that have fundamental influence on the safety, profitability, speed and quality of construction projects. Despite the great importance of the support systems, most designers and contractors know very little about their design and construction and they rely heavily on experience. The goal of this paper is to present a review of excavation support systems available worldwide and to survey the current state of practice in the local area (Nablus - Palestine), including available types, reasons for failure, and methods of design and construction of excavation support systems. This paper also suggested new techniques that may be adopted locally as an excavation support system. Conclusions of this study are presented and recommendations are suggested to identify what research and development should be carried out to improve the process of design and construction of excavation support systems.
Assessment of Preliminary Grafting Compatibility-Incompatibility between Local Palestinian Table-Grapevine Cultivars and Different Phylloxera (Daktulosphaira Vitifoliae) Resistant Rootstocks
(2009) Abdul-Jalil Hamdan; Rezq Basheer-Salimia
This study was conducted to assess levels of grafting-compatibility in the nursery between scions of three Palestinian local table-grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera) and five grapevine rootstocks resistant to phylloxera. The cultivars inspected were Halawani, Halawani-Baladi, and Red-Romi, whereas, the rootstocks were "Richter-110, B41, Ruggeri-140, Paulsen-1103, and 216/3". For comparison purpose, cuttings of the three cultivars were also grown on their own-roots. The experiment was set up in spring 2006 and, the grafting was done by using indoor tongue grafting technique. Several parameters of graft compatibility-incompatibility including: callus production at the graft union, root development, grafting success in the incubation room as well as in the nursery (the survival percentage), bud burst, and shoot length were evaluated. Results have shown a positive correlation between callus development and grafting success. Indeed, Halawani produced the best results of callus development and graft success, Halawani-Baladi was intermediate, and Red-Romi was worst. After five months in the nursery, Halawani demonstrated highest compatibility with Richter-110 (100%), Paulsen-1103 (95%), Ruggeri-140 (85%), 216/3 (85%), and B41 (80%) successful grafts. Halawani-Baladi showed medium compatibility (79% successful grafts on Richter-110, 60% on Paulsen-1103, 79% on Ruggeri-140, 80% on 216/3 and 60% on B41). Red-Romi exhibited poor compatibility (25% of successful grafts on Richter-110; 20% on Paulsen-1103; 10% on Ruggeri-140; 5.3% on 216/3 and 45% on B41).
Assessment of the Cyto-toxicity of Bethlehem Star (Ornithogalum Umbellatum) to HepG2 Cell Line and Antidotal Virtues of Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum)
(2012) Bilal Ghareeb
Intoxication of animals in Palestinian ranges represents a major problem and needs an objective assessment for prevention as well as treatment. Bethlehem Star plant (Ornithogalum umbellatum) is assayed in this study for toxicity to HepG2 hepatic cell line using the cellular viability test, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. Among the several doses applied, toxicity is demonstrated to start at around 0.125 mg of the plant extract/ml of HepG2 culture medium. Toxicity increases in a directly-proportional manner as the plant dose increases (up to 4 mg/ml). Astonishingly, Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) classically reviewed and used as an antidote plant is demonstrated in this paper to manifest a toxicity profile parallel to that of Bethlehem Star (Ornithogalum umbellatum). Milk Thistle shows 50% viability of HepG2 cells at an approximate dose of 1.5 mg of plant extract/ml of HepG2 cell line culture medium. This concentration is applied in parallel to 4 mg of Bethlehem Star (Ornithogalum umbellatum)/ml of HepG2 cell line medium in order to look for antidotal virtues of Milk Thistle. At these concentrations, the antidotal virtues of Milk Thistle cannot be demonstrated. The used plant concentrations of Bethlehem Star (Ornithogalum umbellatum) showed a toxicity profile similar to that of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum). The later plant, surprisingly, failed to manifest antidotal virtues. However, this study can be used for future investigations of adjusting the appropriate doses of Milk Thistle to be used in case of intoxication of animals and possibly humans.
An Assessment on Disaster Risk Reduction in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
(2010) Jalal AL Dabbeek
In Palestine (the occupied Palestinian territories - oPt) there are a number of challenges in the field of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), notably natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods, desertification and droughts. Seismological studies show that there is a high probability of damaging earthquakes occurring in the region. At the same time, engineering studies show that seismic vulnerability of common buildings and infrastructures in the oPt is high. Major events triggered by climate changes and seismic activities may become trans-boundary. The objectives of this paper are to help establish a profile of DRR in the oPt and further help identify the needs of the oPt in the field of disaster risk reduction and management. In addition to the risk assessment, a review of existing legislation, capacities and shortages in various areas of needs, strengths and weaknesses in all elements of DRR plus institutional mechanisms towards disaster preparedness and prevention has been carried out. National and international initiatives toward DRR and case studies of (best) practices in the oPt were also reviewed. Historic data on recorded disaster related incidents pertaining to the number of people killed, the number of people affected and the economic loss incurred provides the main criteria for the risk assessment. The recommendations include regional cooperation, improvement/formulation of legislation toward disaster preparedness and prevention, linking policies and operations, coordination of central and local governments, political resolution, awareness and training, integration of DRR and management into national development, and developing a risk management database.
Base Cleavage of Some Benzyl-Silicon and Tin Compounds in H2O-MeOH-Cyclodextrin Medium
(1987) Foad M. S. Mahmoud
The effects of oc - and f3- cyclodextrin (x - ,13- CD's) on the rates of base cleavage of 4 - CNC6 H4 SnMe3 ,3—CIC6 H4 CH2 MMe3 , 4 C1C6 H4 CH2— MMe3 and 3,5 - CL2 C6 H3 CH2 MMe3 with M = Si and Sn have been examined in H 2O - Me0H medium . oc - and 13-CD's accelerate the cleavage of the RSnMe3 compounds (R=3-0106 H4 CH2 , 4-0106 H4 CH2, and 3,5 - 01 2 C6H3 CH2 ) . There is no significant catalysis in the case of the corresponding silicon compounds.
Bedload Transport in Gravel Streams - Surface Versus Subsurface Based Transport Analysis
(2005) Hafez Shaheen; Panayiotis Diplas
Fluid forces and the quantity and ranges of grain sizes present on a streambed are the important factors affecting the transport of sediments. Most bedload transport models are based on single grain size parameter that represents either the surface or the subsurface bed material. Fractional bedload transport analysis is used to account for the different grain sizes. Surface versus subsurface-based fractional analysis of available bedload transport data are compared and the effect of the selection of the dimensionless reference bedload transport parameter is investigated. Fractional analysis has indicated that it is referenced to the size distribution of the bed surface rather than the subsurface and that its necessity increases for bedload data sets that fall closer to the lower end near threshold conditions. The reference value for the dimensionless bedload parameter used in this paper falls within the lower range of the analyzed bedload data set.
Best Approximation in Cone-Normed Space
(2016) Abdallah Hakawati; Sawsan Al-Dwaik
The question of whether cone metric spaces are real generalizations of metric spaces is proved, in the sense of Best Approximation, not to be affirmative.
Biological Effect of Two Strains of Microorganisms Antagonistic to Botrytis Cinerea Causal Organism of Gray Mold on Strawberry
(1999) Yacoub Batta
Trichoderma sp. (strain CI306) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (strain GAl) have shown antagonistic effect against Botrytis cinerea. These strains were formulated in an invert emulsion (water - in - oil). Conidia of strain CI306 or endospores of strain GA1 were firstly suspended in water, then introduced into the invert emulsion at the same time of mixing the ingredients. Invert emulsions developed in this study and designated IE. 1 and IE.3 have the following characteristics: i) a high stability, with an emulsification rate of 99 to 100%; ii) a low and constant viscosity of 25 centipoises for IE.1 and 35 centipoises for 1E.3; iii) a high water content ranging from 20.4 to 34.6% for IE.1 and from 16.8 to 18.6% for IE.3 after 24 hours of application at 25°C and 66 to 81% atmospheric relative humidity respectively; and iv) an excellent survival of tested microorganisms after introduction into invert emulsions especially in IE.1. Moreover, the ingredients of invert emulsion IE.1 especially the oil (Radia 7108) and the emulsifier (Radiasurf 7155) are used as food additives in Belgium. Biological efficacy of the two strains against B. cinerea was assessed using foliar discs of strawberry. Lesion development due to Botrytis was significantly reduced on treated foliar discs with these strains when were applied in formulated form at low levels of relative humidity in comparison with the non-formulated form. Trichoderma-IE.1 formulation, for example, reduced the lesion development at 45% compared to non-formulated form (MDBLCC=0.80 and 0.44 in formulated and non-formulated forms respectively). In addition, the number of Botrytis conidiophores appeared on infected surfaces was greatly inhibited on treated foliar discs with strains compared with the non-treated control. Trichoderma - IE.1 formulation, for example, decreased the number of Botrytis conidiophores to nil compared to non-treated control (MRDBC=0/+++ or 0/++ according to relative humidity level).
Brugia Malayi: Depletion of Glutathione by Buthionine Sulfoximine
(2005) Ayman Hussein
Glutathione is an intracellular reducing agent. It is synthesized by a two-step reaction catalyzed by ?-glutamylcysteine synthetase (?GCS) and glutathione synthetase. ?GCS, which is the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione, is inhibited specifically by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). The enzyme was partially purified from the parasitic nematode Brugia malayi, the causative agents of lymphatic filaraiasis. BSO inhibits the enzyme activity in an irreversible manner. The Brugia enzyme was found to be 24-fold more sensitive to BSO than its mammalian counterparts. The inhibitor was also found effective in depleting the glutathione contents of the parasites with low concentration. The results may conclude that ?GCS is a potential target for the development of drugs against filariasis.

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