Urban and Regional Planning

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Browsing Urban and Regional Planning by Author "Abdel-Sallam Ibrahem Mohammed"

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    Impacts of Energy Management and Conservation On Electrical Energy Planning in The West Bank
    (2002) Abdel-Sallam Ibrahem Mohammed; Dr. Mutasim Baba'a; Dr. Maher Kammash; Dr. Samer Mealeh
    Electrical consumption in the West Rank is relatively low. However, a high percentage of it is wasted as losses. It is estimated that electric energy losses (technical and non-technical) may exceed 25% in sonic areas. In addition to that, energy consumption in the residential and industrial sectors is done in inefficient way. A high percentage of the home appliances (mainly refrigerators and air conditioners) are old and consume energy much higher than the newly high efficient Ones. Also, the Wide usage of incandescent lamps in all sectors made electric energy consumption for lighting much higher than expected if florescent or CFL lamps are used. The Palestinian Energy Authority (PEA) has carried out different projects to improve the electric networks to minimize losses, and also to improve consumption efficiency. Some of these projects are completed now, and others are under implementation at this moment. The PEA has succeeded so far in different areas such as reducing losses to 12% in the electric networks and to improve power factor (PF) to 0.9 or more in many areas in the West Bank. Energy conservation and efficiency improvement project is being carded out at this time. If all objectives of this project are achieved, then reduction ranges between 2-50% are expected in all types of energy consumption. After the establishment of the PEA, another type of work was carried out. Planning for the coming two decades was given a special attention by the PHA. Also, many researchers at local centers and educational institutions tried hardly to make such studies in order to forecasts energy needs and to plan For the Future. These studies are much difficult than similar ones for any other country ill the world for two reasons. First, the lack of accurate and integrated data about energy consumption for any previous year. Second, to the great uncertainties concerning the demographic, economical and political future of the Palestinian territories. In this study, an effort was made to evaluate the efforts made to improve electric efficiency and apply energy management and conservation in the West Bank. This evaluation was based on the expectations Of results of the ongoing projects carried out by the PEA. These results were used to generate a new forecast for energy consumption For the next two decades. This study is a follow up of a previous study carried at An-Najah N. University for planning for the electric energy in the West Bank based on historical data. However, this work took all expected results of the energy management projects and uses them to modify the historical data by subtracting losses believed to be eliminated in the future. This new modified data was used to forecast energy consumption in the future with four different scenarios (according to the demographic and economical expectations).Comparing the results new forecasts with energy management with previously achieved ones show that it is possible to reduce peak power for the year 2020 by more than 8% and around 18% of total electric energy consumed.