Water Quality Analysis of Tap Drinking Water in The Northern Regions of The West Bank
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Date
2020-02-02
Authors
Alali, Hakim
Abu Hania, Haneen
Omour, Razan
Yasin, Shahd
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Abstract
Abstract:
Water is essential for development. It is crucial in human lives. In Palestine, water sources and Surface water are limited and joint with neighboring countries. Palestine depends on rainwater, which is not available all the year. Water problems varied from pollution of local sources, to lack of minerals. This project analyzes drinking tap water quality in the north of Palestine in terms of health effects, pollution and composition, to determine whether the water is drinkable and meets the international and local standards or not. So, solutions could be offered for water polluted areas. In part 1,465 individuals participated in a questionnaire. The resultsshowedthat85.81 % are using municipality water and 54.41 %don’t know the source of their municipality water. 80.43 % drink directly from the tap. 59.78 % uses polluted water. Water had 47.96 % change to brown color and 22.8 % change to white color and 60.43 % of the water have unaccepted smell. 53.55 % of the families have weekly consumption of Less than 2 cubic meters.12.25 % gave the highest value of confidence in the municipality water, and23.87 % gave the highest value of water amount efficiency. The results showed that the majority of the citizens are unpleased with their tap municipal water. In part 2, municipal drinking tap water was chosen to conduct tests on, because the results in part 1 showed unsatisfaction with it. 10mainwater tests were doneon8 samples locations, the tests were repeated 3 times. The sample locations are from4 cities: Nablus, Jenin, Qalqilya, Tulkarim and 4 villages Ajja, Northern Asira, Azzoun, Illar. The tests are: PH, 〖NO〗_3^-, 〖NO〗_2^--, Turbidity, TDS, EC, Mg hardness, Ca Hardness, Total Chlorine and total Coliform tests. The results showed that there is excess of 〖NO〗_3^- and total chlorine in some samples. A high electrical conductivity values in 4 samples was found due to increase of ions concentrations in the samples. Only Ajja sample failed the total Coliform test as there were 10 Bacterial Colonies. The Ca, Mg, PH, TDS, Turbidity and 〖NO〗_2^-tests values were all in the permitted range for all the samples.