FREQUENCY OF RED CELL ALLOIMMUNIZATION IN HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES IN WEST BANK, PALESTINE
Loading...
Date
2023-06-23
Authors
Ikram Yousef AbdAlrahman AlSheikh Qasem
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients with malignant hematological diseases frequently have anemia. Blood transfusion therapy is fundamental in management in these patients. Repeated blood transfusions may cause the development of alloantibodies against one or more red cell antigens, which complicates subsequent transfusions.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and characteristics of RBC alloimmunization as well as the related risk factors among patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies (mainly leukemia and multiple myeloma) in Palestine.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed between February and August, 2022 on oncohematological patients from clinics or admitted to the hospitals from three hospitals located north, middle and south of West Bank, Palestine: An-Najah National University Hospital in Nablus, the Istishari Arab Hospital in Ramallah and the Beit Jala Governmental Hospital in Bethlehem. A total of 94 of multi transfused patients were included. Demographic, medical data and history of transfusion were retrieved from patients` files. Alloantibody screening (indirect coomb’s test) and identification (panel test) were performed from plasma samples of patients ,who have never done the test using commercial Capture-R Ready-screen and ID, IMMUCOR. In order to exclude autoantibodies, a patient's RBCs were analyzed in combination with each screen for autoantibodies.
Results: Twenty-nine participants had alloantibodies. The rate of alloimmunization observed in the present study was 30.85%. The most frequent alloantibodies were against Kell system antigens (Anti-K) (20.7%), followed by Anti-E (13.8%), and Anti-D (6.9%). One participant had multiple antibodies, and six participants (23.9%) had two antibodies: Anti-E and K (6.9%), Anti-Jka and Kpa (6.9%), Anti-E and Fya (3.4%), and Anti Fya and S (3.4%). Autoantibodies were found in this study (6.9%).
Conclusion: This study showed a high rate of alloimmunization among hematological malignancies mainly leukemia and multiple myeloma in different regions of West Bank, Palestine. The most frequently detected alloantibodies were against the Kell and Rh antigens. RBC compatibility in ABO, Rh, and Kell system as well as phenotyping of antigens may reduce the risk of the most of alloimmunizations.
Keywords: Red Blood Cell Transfusions; Antibody Screening; Hematological Malignancies; Palestine.