Water Distribution Network for South- East Zone of Qalqilia City
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Date
2014
Authors
Amjad Abd AL-Nasser Omar
Rafat Jamal
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Abstract
Hydraulic simulation models of water distribution networks (WDN) are routinely used for operational investigations and network design purposes. However, their full potential is often never realized because in the majority of cases, they have been calibrated with data collected manually from the field during a single historic time period and reflects the network operational conditions that were prevalent at that time. They were then applied as part of a reactive investigation. An urban water distribution network real time simulation system based on SCADA system using OPC (object linking and Embedding(OLE) for Process control) communication was built in this paper. In order to make real-time simulation of water distribution network, the real-time data was collected every 15 minutes, the real time data were received and sent into water distribution network simulation model by OPC communication of SCADA system. The real-time data included total head of reservoir, flow rate, pressure, pump operation information. The real-time simulation system can give timely warning of changes for normal network operation, providing capacity to minimize customer impact and comparing the simulation results with the real-time data collected. The real time simulation system of urban water distribution network solved the problem of data input and user interaction compare to traditional network model. It offers a way for the development of intelligent water network. Water supply pipeline network is a system which has a large of spatial attribute data. In order to improve the manage and work efficiency, reducing the workload of workers, the best way is that designing a water supply network based on GIS, the system based on Arc GIS platform, using Client-Server and Browser-Server model to form a new composite model to set up the system. The paper introduces every function and the key technology of this system in detail, such as seamless integration of GIS of water supply pipeline network and hydraulic model which based on building pipeline network concise model dynamic and use the hydraulic calculation function to guarantee the authenticity of hydraulic model, hydraulic model which can help to simulate the whole system and analyze the condition of pipeline network, the model of pipe blowout statistical can help operator to know the condition of water pipe every segment in the system and forecast the events of pipe blowout, and according to the requirements of system, the fast locating algorithm was modified to reduce the time of searching objects. All these important technologies can strengthen the security, improve the speed of locating objects and help operator to analyze the pipeline condition. The system was tested in the laboratory environment and ran successfully, because it accords with the requirements of water supply network. To assist water engineers to utilize an advanced water distribution system optimizer, a user-friendly interface, database support, and mapping utilities have been integrated into ArcView 3.1 GIS using AVENUE and the Dialog Designer extension. This decision support system (DSS) is developed into an ArcView extension called WADSOP - Water Distribution System Optimizer. WADSOP optimizes pipe sizing and layout, as well as pump station sizing and layout, to improve cost-effectiveness and reliability over most existing water distribution models based on less effective pipe simulation algorithms. GIS provides functions for development and preparation of accurate spatial information for input into the network design optimization model, which include network layout, connectivity, pipe characteristics and cost, pressure gradients, demand patterns, cost analysis, network routing and allocation, and effective color graphic display of results. Municipal water distribution systems represent a major portion of the investment in urban infrastructure and a critical component of public works. The goal is to design water distribution systems to deliver potable water over spatially extensive areas in required quantities and under satisfactory pressures. In addition to these goals, cost-effectiveness and reliability in system design are also important. Municipal water distribution systems are inherently complex because they are: large-scale and spatially extensive composed of multiple pipe loops to maintain satisfactory levels of redundancy for system reliability