MORTALITY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS AND THE LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN A SINGLE CENTER AT THE NORTHERN OF WEST BANK: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
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Date
2022-12-21
Authors
Malek Isam Awni Abdelghani
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Abstract
Background: Currently, there were 5 to 7 million patients who have end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that need renal replacement therapy. This study was conducted to determine the mortality rates among hemodialysis patients at An-Najah National University Hospital which is one of the main referral centers in the north of the West Bank of Palestine. The study also aimed to describe the causes of death among this group of patients.
Methods: This study used a quantitative correlational retrospective cohort design. The study included all adult patients with ESRD who underwent hemodialysis irrespective of their gender, and duration of dialysis. Demographic variables, etiology of the ESRD, presence of comorbidities, and laboratory findings of the patients were collected.
Results: Medical records of 348 ESRD patients who were on hemodialysis between January 2017 and December 2021 were reviewed. Of the 348 ESRD patients, 95 patients died giving an overall mortality rate of 27.3%. Of the patients who died, 68.4% were male and 91.6% were dialyzed for 1-3 years. Cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death (43.2%) among the patients in this study. Diabetic nephropathy was the leading cause of ESRD (77.9%) among the patients who died in this study. Of the patients who died in this study, 60% had diabetes mellitus and hypertension and 88% had hypoalbuminemia. Mortality was associated with older age and smoking.
Conclusions: The mortality rate among patients on hemodialysis was within the range of mortality rates reported in the regional studies. Cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death among the patients in hemodialysis. More studies are still needed to investigate the effects of manipulating some modifiable risk factors on the mortality rates among hemodialysis patients in Palestine.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; End-stage renal disease; Hemodialysis; Mortality.