Education In Tulkarm District During The British Mandatory 1922-1948
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Date
2000
Authors
Ahmed Mahmod Hassan Ammar
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Abstract
This study deals with Education" in Tulkarm district, during the British Mandatory between 1922 - 1948 . A.D. The first chapter presents the demographic and cultural situations in Tulkarm, during the Mandatory, and it is obvious that the district was less civilized and less civilized in compare with the other districts Palestine. The area of the district was nearly 318565 dunnume. Its population was 83800 inhabitants in 1944 distributed over 49 villages the educational situations over 49 villages. The educational situations in this district during the Ottman era. It is clear that the predominant form of schools was (elementary), The highest class was 4th grade. The schools were scattered nearly over all villages. The number was 27 schools, and the number of the students, was 1153 students from 1893-1894. The outstanding feature for education was the religious one at that time. There was no specific syllabus teaching depended totally on repetition and cramming. Schools were not equipped with the apt aids for the learning process. It should be noticed that the curriculum was Egyptian during the British Mandatory, then they were changed under the British supervision. The aim for these curriculums was creating angus mentality for students in order to make them believe in the idea of the Jewish existence in Palestine, and that was represented through the academic text books. The local people and the teachers protested against the British policy in education. A slight progress in the teaching and learning process took place after the second world war. And this was due to a activeness of the local people and corporations. In the last days of the Mandatory, the number of schools amounted to 48 in 1946. Those schools were distributed over 42 villages in addition to 3 schools in Tulkarm city . There were 42 schools for boys, and 6 schools for girls. The total of number of the students was 9112. g031, males students and 1081 finales. The number of the teachers was 146 in 1946 financed by the government and 60 financed by the local people. The number of female teachers was 23 financed by the government and 4 by local people. The highest class was get grade and that was the " Tulkarm Sec. School" But the other districts school were up to 4th grade in Some schools and 6th Grade in some other schools. The main good turn of the improvement of education in Tulkarm refers to the local people especially the Judicial authorities. The situations of the teachers who clear political or patriotic role were tackled in the last chapter of this study. And this passive role was due to the restrictions imposed by Britain in addition that the teacher was totally occupied in earning his living. Knowing that his salary was not enough to cope with the basic necessities of life, and the highest salary was & pounds Per month. This study there sheds light on khaduri school which was established in 1932. For the sake of improving forming in Palestine. The result wasn't satisfactory because no objective was fulfilled during the 16 years from 1932-1948. Consequently the agriculture and education remained. The same as it was before the establishment of the school. Finally, it’s worth mentioning that the education was retarded during the Mandatory in Palestine. But Tulkarm was distinguished among other di - tracts which followed great steps in developing the learning and teaching process due to the efforts of its local people.
This study deals with Education" in Tulkarm district, during the British Mandatory between 1922 - 1948 . A.D. The first chapter presents the demographic and cultural situations in Tulkarm, during the Mandatory, and it is obvious that the district was less civilized and less civilized in compare with the other districts Palestine. The area of the district was nearly 318565 dunnume. Its population was 83800 inhabitants in 1944 distributed over 49 villages the educational situations over 49 villages. The educational situations in this district during the Ottman era. It is clear that the predominant form of schools was (elementary), The highest class was 4th grade. The schools were scattered nearly over all villages. The number was 27 schools, and the number of the students, was 1153 students from 1893-1894. The outstanding feature for education was the religious one at that time. There was no specific syllabus teaching depended totally on repetition and cramming. Schools were not equipped with the apt aids for the learning process. It should be noticed that the curriculum was Egyptian during the British Mandatory, then they were changed under the British supervision. The aim for these curriculums was creating angus mentality for students in order to make them believe in the idea of the Jewish existence in Palestine, and that was represented through the academic text books. The local people and the teachers protested against the British policy in education. A slight progress in the teaching and learning process took place after the second world war. And this was due to a activeness of the local people and corporations. In the last days of the Mandatory, the number of schools amounted to 48 in 1946. Those schools were distributed over 42 villages in addition to 3 schools in Tulkarm city . There were 42 schools for boys, and 6 schools for girls. The total of number of the students was 9112. g031, males students and 1081 finales. The number of the teachers was 146 in 1946 financed by the government and 60 financed by the local people. The number of female teachers was 23 financed by the government and 4 by local people. The highest class was get grade and that was the " Tulkarm Sec. School" But the other districts school were up to 4th grade in Some schools and 6th Grade in some other schools. The main good turn of the improvement of education in Tulkarm refers to the local people especially the Judicial authorities. The situations of the teachers who clear political or patriotic role were tackled in the last chapter of this study. And this passive role was due to the restrictions imposed by Britain in addition that the teacher was totally occupied in earning his living. Knowing that his salary was not enough to cope with the basic necessities of life, and the highest salary was & pounds Per month. This study there sheds light on khaduri school which was established in 1932. For the sake of improving forming in Palestine. The result wasn't satisfactory because no objective was fulfilled during the 16 years from 1932-1948. Consequently the agriculture and education remained. The same as it was before the establishment of the school. Finally, it’s worth mentioning that the education was retarded during the Mandatory in Palestine. But Tulkarm was distinguished among other di - tracts which followed great steps in developing the learning and teaching process due to the efforts of its local people.
This study deals with Education" in Tulkarm district, during the British Mandatory between 1922 - 1948 . A.D. The first chapter presents the demographic and cultural situations in Tulkarm, during the Mandatory, and it is obvious that the district was less civilized and less civilized in compare with the other districts Palestine. The area of the district was nearly 318565 dunnume. Its population was 83800 inhabitants in 1944 distributed over 49 villages the educational situations over 49 villages. The educational situations in this district during the Ottman era. It is clear that the predominant form of schools was (elementary), The highest class was 4th grade. The schools were scattered nearly over all villages. The number was 27 schools, and the number of the students, was 1153 students from 1893-1894. The outstanding feature for education was the religious one at that time. There was no specific syllabus teaching depended totally on repetition and cramming. Schools were not equipped with the apt aids for the learning process. It should be noticed that the curriculum was Egyptian during the British Mandatory, then they were changed under the British supervision. The aim for these curriculums was creating angus mentality for students in order to make them believe in the idea of the Jewish existence in Palestine, and that was represented through the academic text books. The local people and the teachers protested against the British policy in education. A slight progress in the teaching and learning process took place after the second world war. And this was due to a activeness of the local people and corporations. In the last days of the Mandatory, the number of schools amounted to 48 in 1946. Those schools were distributed over 42 villages in addition to 3 schools in Tulkarm city . There were 42 schools for boys, and 6 schools for girls. The total of number of the students was 9112. g031, males students and 1081 finales. The number of the teachers was 146 in 1946 financed by the government and 60 financed by the local people. The number of female teachers was 23 financed by the government and 4 by local people. The highest class was get grade and that was the " Tulkarm Sec. School" But the other districts school were up to 4th grade in Some schools and 6th Grade in some other schools. The main good turn of the improvement of education in Tulkarm refers to the local people especially the Judicial authorities. The situations of the teachers who clear political or patriotic role were tackled in the last chapter of this study. And this passive role was due to the restrictions imposed by Britain in addition that the teacher was totally occupied in earning his living. Knowing that his salary was not enough to cope with the basic necessities of life, and the highest salary was & pounds Per month. This study there sheds light on khaduri school which was established in 1932. For the sake of improving forming in Palestine. The result wasn't satisfactory because no objective was fulfilled during the 16 years from 1932-1948. Consequently the agriculture and education remained. The same as it was before the establishment of the school. Finally, it’s worth mentioning that the education was retarded during the Mandatory in Palestine. But Tulkarm was distinguished among other di - tracts which followed great steps in developing the learning and teaching process due to the efforts of its local people.