DEGRADATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL CONTAMINANTS IN WATER USING NANO-PLATINUM BASED ELECTROCATALYST

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dc.contributor.authorNassar, Ibrahim
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-27T13:26:35Z
dc.date.available2024-10-27T13:26:35Z
dc.date.issued2024-10-23
dc.description.abstractRecently, the presence of contaminants, such as pharmaceutical compounds in effluents and groundwater, has increased. Pharmaceutical compounds impose significant risk to water, which makes the search for radical solutions to treat water necessary. This research studied the degradation of the contaminant phenazopyridine (PhP), as low concentrations of it may affect water quality. Electrodes have been prepared, to completely mineralize this contaminant, by two deposition methods. The Pt-E/FTO electrodes were prepared using electro-deposition of platinum nanoparticles (from H2PtCl6 solutions) on FTO. The Pt-T/FTO electrode was prepared by spraying H2PtCl6 solution on FTO, followed by heating at 350 °C. Other electrodes were prepared by deposition of Pt onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) pre-deposited onto FTO electrodes. Both electrodeposition and spray deposition were examined to prepare Pt-E/MWCNTs/FTO and Pt-T/MWCNTs/FTO electrodes, respectively. EDS, XPS, XRD SEM and AFM analyzed all resulting electrodes. The electrodes were then examined in electrooxidation of PhP in a three electrode-cell, containing PhP aqueous solution (40 ppm, 70 mL). The experiments were made on PhP solutions under different conditions in several parameters. Among the various electrodes, it was found that Pt-E/MWCNTs/FTO electrode was the best electrode, in terms of electrodegradation efficiency and stability. In PhP solution (40 ppm) about 68.38% was removed within 120 min at 25 °C with no added electrolyte at initial pH ≈ (3.0) using +1.60 V (vs. SCE). This electrode was then singled out in more study to see the effects of various reaction parameters. Reaction kinetics showed that the oxidation-reaction was pseudo-first order with respect to PhP and the measured reaction order was 0.69. That is due to the presence of an adsorption factor that affects the reaction kinetics. When the reaction was carried out for 5 h, complete mineralization of PhP was observed, leaving no organic contaminants remaining in solution, as confirmed by total-organic carbon (TOC), resulting nitrate ion analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and electronic absorption spectra. A plausible mechanism for the electrooxidation reaction, to explain the results, was proposed based on earlier literature. The developed Pt-E/MWCNTs/FTO electrode showed high reusability to electro-degrade PhP. The results showed the high potential of the electrode to treat pharmaceutical contaminants in water through the electrooxidation process. The results indicated the future potential of the electrode in commercial scale water purification processes.
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11888/19662
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAn-Najah National University
dc.supervisorHikmat Saeed Hassan Hilal
dc.supervisorAssali, Mohyeddin
dc.titleDEGRADATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL CONTAMINANTS IN WATER USING NANO-PLATINUM BASED ELECTROCATALYST
dc.title.alternativeتحطيم الملوثات الصيدلانية في المياه باستخدام الحفاز الكهربائي النانوي البلاتيني
dc.typeThesis
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