PREVALENCE, PREDICTORS, AND OUTCOMES FOR ST- SEGMANT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENT UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
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Date
2024-09-12
Authors
Alqassarweh, Haneen
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
An- Najah National University
Abstract
Background: Various factors such as age, gender, smoking, and underlying conditions including diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and hypertension (HTN) are widely recognized as significant risk factors for patients experiencing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI ).
Methods:This quantitative retrospective cohort study was conducted at Ibn Sina Specialized Hospital. It involved 278 adult patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), aged between 18 and 70 years, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data were obtained from patient files post-PCI, extracted from the hospital's computed information system, with approval from the institutional review board (IRB) of An-Najah National University.
Results: Out of 278 patients, 71.2% were males and 28.8% were females. The majority (96.4%) were over 40 years old. Significant differences were found in history of CKD, smoking, and average levels of pre- and post-catheterization hemoglobin and creatinine (p < 0.05). Gender, smoking, history of DM, HTN, and CKD significantly different with average levels of hemoglobin, creatinine, and troponin (p < 0.05). CKD, IHD, previous CABG, arterial access, and pre- and post-catheterization creatinine, pre-catheterization troponin, and post-catheterization hemoglobin levels showed significant differences with cardiac arrest (p < 0.05). Femoral artery catheterization resulted in higher hematoma rates than radial artery (12.5% vs. 0%, p > 0.001). Diseased right coronary artery and femoral artery catheterization were associated with higher arrhythmia rates.
Conclusion: STEMI patients underwent PCI are at risk of complications like hematoma, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest. Monitoring and early management are crucial, especially for patients over 40 years old, males, smokers, and those with comorbidities like DM, HTN, CKD, and IHD.
According to the finding of the present study, the prevelance of STEMI in people over 40 years and less than 70 years old were( 69.4% vs 3.6%) repectively. Therefore, based on the result of the studies that have been reviewed and included in the meta- analysis , the high prevelance of STEMI was reported to be higher in male individual more than 70 years , which is considered a warning for health policymakers regarding the important of this age for diagnosis and screaning procedures of STEMI.