Techno-economic feasibility of using photovoltaic generators instead of diesel motor for water pumping
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Date
2011
Authors
Sabreen Staiti
Heba Aseedah
Yasmeen Salah
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Abstract
Techno-economic feasibility of using photovoltaic generators instead of diesel motor for water pumpingIn rural and/or undeveloped areas where there is no power grid and more water is needed than what hand or foot pumps can deliver, the choices for powering pumps are usually solar or a fuel driven engine, usually diesel There are very distinct differences between the two power sources in terms of cost and reliability. Diesel a very high operation and maintenance cost. Solar is the opposite, with a higher first cost but very low on going operation and maintenance costs. Measuring the IV characteristics is of high importance since it can be considered as a quality and performance certificate for each PV generator. The most precise and inexpensive measuring method is represented in capacitor charging by the PV generator. Using the equivalent circuit of the PV generator with a capacitor as load and applying transient analysis on the circuit, we obtain the capacitor charging voltage and current as a function of time, as well as their differentials as a function of short circuit current and capacitor size In terms of reliability, it is much easier (and cheaper) to keep a solar-powered system going than it is a diesel engine. This is evident in field where diesel engines lie rusting and unused by the thousands and solar pumps sometimes run for year without anyone touching them The first cost of solar is often daunting to donors and project implementers who are tempted to stretch their budgets as far as possible to reach the greatest number of beneficiaries by using a low first-cost option.But most would probably agree that quantity over quality is not a good value if the higher quantity option is not likely to be giving good service five years down the road and if beneficiaries are going to be stuck with interventions they cannot afford to sustain over time. Solar pumping has had clear advantages for a number of years but the differences are becoming more striking in a world of rapidly escalating fuel costs. Not only will some of the worlds poorest people not be able to afford fuel for their pumps, but living at the end of remote supply chains, they may not even be able to get it in the first place as world demand overtakes supply Engineers seek solutions to problems, and the economic viability of each potential solution is normally considered along with the technical aspects. For each design, there are usually many possible alternatives. One option that must be considered in each analysis is often the choice which achieves technical aspects and the opportunity cost of making one choice over another must also be considered. In this project, we will study each possible solution in economic point view to select optimum configuration. Evaluation results and conclusions Based on above results the following conclusion can be made :1. The annuity and the production cost of energy uint (KWh) of PV-system are less than the diesel system.2. The net present value ( NPV)of the PV-system is much higher than the NPV of diesel system.3. The life cycle cost of the PV-system is less than the diesel system. Therefore , utitizing of PV-system is more economic feasible for pumping water .in additional the PV-system do not pollute the environment as the case of using diesel generator. In this project we aim provide the necessary information for the pv cell, module, or even generator , such as the efficiency , the fill factor, R series , R shunt, the maximum power point , I short circuit, V open circuit, and even the radiation . those factors determine the pv cell condition .We will try to add sensors and to make the project more efficient than before