NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE MELAMINE SCHIFF BASE : SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION FOR LEAD(II) IONS ADSORPTION
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Date
2022-05-25
Authors
Jomana Jalal Abd-Alkareem Yaseen
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Abstract
Background: In recent years, the need for clean aquatic to cover fast growing human need for food and other activities has increased. An alternative source of water could be wastewater, for this reason wastewater has recently received a lot of attention from researchers all around the world. Serval recent studies were directed toward developing new methods toward wastewater purification, taking into consideration that these methods should be nontoxic, affordable and with high number of turnovers.
In this study, modified cellulose was selected as a metal absorbent that can be used in the purification of wastewater polluted with heavy toxic metals.
Methodology: The modified cellulose was prepared in a multistep process that involves hydrolyzing cellulose isolated from the olive industry solid waste (OISW) to nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC), then oxidize the nano-crystalline cellulose to dialdehyde using sodium periodate (NaIO4), and in the last step, the cellulose dialdehyde was functionalized with melamine as a metal chelating agent.
Nan-ocrystalline cellulose melamine Schiff base was analyzed (NCC-Mel) by FT-IR. The efficiency of prepared cellulose-based Schiff base (NCC-Mel) as an adsorbent for lead (II) ions present in wastewater was evaluated. The effect of various variables such as solution pH, adsorbent dose, solution temperature, time and initial ion concentration were evaluated and optimized.
Results: The efficacy towards removal lead (II) was the highest shown at an initial concentration of lead ion of about 5.0 ppm, 75 mg of adsorbent, at 25 °C, and a pH value of 7 at a mixing time of ten minutes.
Kinetic and thermodynamics obtained data showed that the adsorption of lead (II) ions using the cellulose-based Schiff base polymer (NCC-Mel) follows the second-order kinetics. The calculated qe (calc.) is approximately equal to that obtained experimentally qe.
Conclusion: The results indicates that the metal polymer coordination could be the slow step in the water cleaning process. The thermodynamic data showed that the ion removal process is spontaneous and exothermic. The obtained results demonstrate that this studied polymer can be classified as an adsorbent material with high efficiency for toxic metal ions.
Keywords: Adsorption, Cellulose, heavy metals, Lead, Nanocrystlline cellulose melamine, Polymer, Water pollution, Water purification,