شعر الغزل العذري في العصر العباسي: شعراؤه واتجاهاته الموضوعية والفنية
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Date
1998
Authors
لينا عبد ربه خورشيد الشخشير
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Abstract
Throughout this study, the researcher tried to shed some light on various aspects regarding the Platonic love Poetry during the abased period. These aspects that have been discussed included the most popular names of the platonic poetry with special emphasis give to the artistic and objective tendency of such poetry. However, this conclusion aims a providing an authoritative/summary of the overall results and findings achieved in the study.
In the previous chapters has been concluded that the platonic poetry can be seen as passionate expression of pure and true love in which the poet melts his gentle feelings and emotions in a poetic at mosphere full of depresses and deprivations. This type of poetry was known during the abased period in spite of the obvious tendency towards amatory love poetry, but platonic poetry was able to flow there even in a very narrow path. During that time, a group of poet composed platonic poetry in which. they dedicated themselves to talk passionately about specific women. By doing so, their names were connected with the names. of those beloved maidens as the old platonic poets did in the past. Among these platonic poets was AL-Abbas-Ibn-AL-Ahnaf whose name connected with his beloved Fawz - On the other hand, a group of those Platonic poets dedicated their poetry to compose pure and passionate platonic poetry in which a reader can "smell" the odor of true pureness and loyality mixed with sad sighs and warmth of their feelings without being connected with. specific woman. Among those, there was Al-Hussein Ibn - Muttair.
The analytical contemplation of the Abbasid Platonic poetry revealed that this style carried in some degree the most fundamental elements of the preceding Umayyad platonic poetry, that is, the cleanness and the pureness of true love. Other elements found to be changed and varied so as to cope with new on-going developments during the Abbasid period. Nevertheless. It was found that even the love stories of those new Abbasid poets were closer to the old Preceding platonic poets since their lives, social and emotional, were an extension of the lives of the preceding poets. Furthermore, it ~as found that in addition to elements of pureness and deprivation, the poet revealed a degree of urban aspects which were not found in the preceding platonic poetry though such as pects can be found exceptionally in orner Ibn-Abi- Rabee'ah's poetry during Umayyad period and some of his companions. The most obvious new aspects in the Abbasid Platonic poetry included, correspondence exchanging gifts, describing palaces and assemblies in addition to accurate description of the beloved girl using different forms of similes and metaphors attributed to her beauty which were token from the surrounding environment.
Moreover, there was special concentration given to the artistic construction of the platonic casita during the abbasid period which revealed that certain types of meters and rhymes and rhythms were used to compose such poetry. By using statically tables it was found that long meters were mostly used in addition to the use of the ultimate rhymes. Also, more emphasis was given to the artistic form of this poetry which revealed that those poet expressed their deep emotions, feeling, meanings and experiences spontaneously and free from artificiality and exaggeration. As a result of this deep a analysis, it is concluded that platonic poetry wasn't stopped during the abbasid period but it continued in Avery limited range as a result of different factors.
One of those factors was the wide spread of new different way of life in which people were drawn to different means of amusement including liquor and singing assemblies', jesting and dancing which contributed to an obvious spread of disgraceful literature which, in some extent, was free from religious rules and common virtues. Therefore, most poets dedicated their poetry towards filtrating a number of foreign maidens and female slaves who possessed distinctive features of beauty and urbanity. Those charming and attractive maidens used to accompany men in their assemblies in order to amuse them through jesting, singing and dancing. This new way of life promoted poets to dedicate their poetry to describe disgraceful features of beauty followed by an expression of shameless desires and incentives which resulted into two types of flirtation erotic and nonerotic (preservative) love poetry. The spread of the two types reduces the use of platonic poetry in some extent.
In addition to what have been mentioned above, it can be said that the majority of abbasid platonic poets were not well-known that no interest was given to collect their works or to narrate their stories as happened with Abbas - Ibn - AL-Ahnaf. The reason behind this obvious hidden of those poets from literature can be attributed to their true intention to express their deep feelings and emotions passionately free from any material benefit.
However, the shadow of the platonic poetry has still been reflected as one clear aspect of the abased period although it seems that this poetry lost many of its distinctive characteristics, and in turn gained new different elements as a result of the new developments and changes that took place in the Abbasid period .
In such case, it was difficult for the platonic poetry to preserve its distinguished qualities more than one generation. Therefore, we should look into this poetry through different point of view. This view allows us to see the platonic poetry form the side of the Abbasid period with its own characteristics away from vices and desires an one side, and through the Umayyad platonic poets with their deep pure feelings and warmth of sighs on the other side - Eventually, this point of view applies to the Abbasid platonic poetry.
Throughout this study, the researcher tried to shed some light on various aspects regarding the Platonic love Poetry during the abased period. These aspects that have been discussed included the most popular names of the platonic poetry with special emphasis give to the artistic and objective tendency of such poetry. However, this conclusion aims a providing an authoritative/summary of the overall results and findings achieved in the study. In the previous chapters has been concluded that the platonic poetry can be seen as passionate expression of pure and true love in which the poet melts his gentle feelings and emotions in a poetic at mosphere full of depresses and deprivations. This type of poetry was known during the abased period in spite of the obvious tendency towards amatory love poetry, but platonic poetry was able to flow there even in a very narrow path. During that time, a group of poet composed platonic poetry in which. they dedicated themselves to talk passionately about specific women. By doing so, their names were connected with the names. of those beloved maidens as the old platonic poets did in the past. Among these platonic poets was AL-Abbas-Ibn-AL-Ahnaf whose name connected with his beloved Fawz - On the other hand, a group of those Platonic poets dedicated their poetry to compose pure and passionate platonic poetry in which a reader can "smell" the odor of true pureness and loyality mixed with sad sighs and warmth of their feelings without being connected with. specific woman. Among those, there was Al-Hussein Ibn - Muttair. The analytical contemplation of the Abbasid Platonic poetry revealed that this style carried in some degree the most fundamental elements of the preceding Umayyad platonic poetry, that is, the cleanness and the pureness of true love. Other elements found to be changed and varied so as to cope with new on-going developments during the Abbasid period. Nevertheless. It was found that even the love stories of those new Abbasid poets were closer to the old Preceding platonic poets since their lives, social and emotional, were an extension of the lives of the preceding poets. Furthermore, it ~as found that in addition to elements of pureness and deprivation, the poet revealed a degree of urban aspects which were not found in the preceding platonic poetry though such as pects can be found exceptionally in orner Ibn-Abi- Rabee'ah's poetry during Umayyad period and some of his companions. The most obvious new aspects in the Abbasid Platonic poetry included, correspondence exchanging gifts, describing palaces and assemblies in addition to accurate description of the beloved girl using different forms of similes and metaphors attributed to her beauty which were token from the surrounding environment. Moreover, there was special concentration given to the artistic construction of the platonic casita during the abbasid period which revealed that certain types of meters and rhymes and rhythms were used to compose such poetry. By using statically tables it was found that long meters were mostly used in addition to the use of the ultimate rhymes. Also, more emphasis was given to the artistic form of this poetry which revealed that those poet expressed their deep emotions, feeling, meanings and experiences spontaneously and free from artificiality and exaggeration. As a result of this deep a analysis, it is concluded that platonic poetry wasn't stopped during the abbasid period but it continued in Avery limited range as a result of different factors. One of those factors was the wide spread of new different way of life in which people were drawn to different means of amusement including liquor and singing assemblies', jesting and dancing which contributed to an obvious spread of disgraceful literature which, in some extent, was free from religious rules and common virtues. Therefore, most poets dedicated their poetry towards filtrating a number of foreign maidens and female slaves who possessed distinctive features of beauty and urbanity. Those charming and attractive maidens used to accompany men in their assemblies in order to amuse them through jesting, singing and dancing. This new way of life promoted poets to dedicate their poetry to describe disgraceful features of beauty followed by an expression of shameless desires and incentives which resulted into two types of flirtation erotic and nonerotic (preservative) love poetry. The spread of the two types reduces the use of platonic poetry in some extent. In addition to what have been mentioned above, it can be said that the majority of abbasid platonic poets were not well-known that no interest was given to collect their works or to narrate their stories as happened with Abbas - Ibn - AL-Ahnaf. The reason behind this obvious hidden of those poets from literature can be attributed to their true intention to express their deep feelings and emotions passionately free from any material benefit. However, the shadow of the platonic poetry has still been reflected as one clear aspect of the abased period although it seems that this poetry lost many of its distinctive characteristics, and in turn gained new different elements as a result of the new developments and changes that took place in the Abbasid period . In such case, it was difficult for the platonic poetry to preserve its distinguished qualities more than one generation. Therefore, we should look into this poetry through different point of view. This view allows us to see the platonic poetry form the side of the Abbasid period with its own characteristics away from vices and desires an one side, and through the Umayyad platonic poets with their deep pure feelings and warmth of sighs on the other side - Eventually, this point of view applies to the Abbasid platonic poetry.
Throughout this study, the researcher tried to shed some light on various aspects regarding the Platonic love Poetry during the abased period. These aspects that have been discussed included the most popular names of the platonic poetry with special emphasis give to the artistic and objective tendency of such poetry. However, this conclusion aims a providing an authoritative/summary of the overall results and findings achieved in the study. In the previous chapters has been concluded that the platonic poetry can be seen as passionate expression of pure and true love in which the poet melts his gentle feelings and emotions in a poetic at mosphere full of depresses and deprivations. This type of poetry was known during the abased period in spite of the obvious tendency towards amatory love poetry, but platonic poetry was able to flow there even in a very narrow path. During that time, a group of poet composed platonic poetry in which. they dedicated themselves to talk passionately about specific women. By doing so, their names were connected with the names. of those beloved maidens as the old platonic poets did in the past. Among these platonic poets was AL-Abbas-Ibn-AL-Ahnaf whose name connected with his beloved Fawz - On the other hand, a group of those Platonic poets dedicated their poetry to compose pure and passionate platonic poetry in which a reader can "smell" the odor of true pureness and loyality mixed with sad sighs and warmth of their feelings without being connected with. specific woman. Among those, there was Al-Hussein Ibn - Muttair. The analytical contemplation of the Abbasid Platonic poetry revealed that this style carried in some degree the most fundamental elements of the preceding Umayyad platonic poetry, that is, the cleanness and the pureness of true love. Other elements found to be changed and varied so as to cope with new on-going developments during the Abbasid period. Nevertheless. It was found that even the love stories of those new Abbasid poets were closer to the old Preceding platonic poets since their lives, social and emotional, were an extension of the lives of the preceding poets. Furthermore, it ~as found that in addition to elements of pureness and deprivation, the poet revealed a degree of urban aspects which were not found in the preceding platonic poetry though such as pects can be found exceptionally in orner Ibn-Abi- Rabee'ah's poetry during Umayyad period and some of his companions. The most obvious new aspects in the Abbasid Platonic poetry included, correspondence exchanging gifts, describing palaces and assemblies in addition to accurate description of the beloved girl using different forms of similes and metaphors attributed to her beauty which were token from the surrounding environment. Moreover, there was special concentration given to the artistic construction of the platonic casita during the abbasid period which revealed that certain types of meters and rhymes and rhythms were used to compose such poetry. By using statically tables it was found that long meters were mostly used in addition to the use of the ultimate rhymes. Also, more emphasis was given to the artistic form of this poetry which revealed that those poet expressed their deep emotions, feeling, meanings and experiences spontaneously and free from artificiality and exaggeration. As a result of this deep a analysis, it is concluded that platonic poetry wasn't stopped during the abbasid period but it continued in Avery limited range as a result of different factors. One of those factors was the wide spread of new different way of life in which people were drawn to different means of amusement including liquor and singing assemblies', jesting and dancing which contributed to an obvious spread of disgraceful literature which, in some extent, was free from religious rules and common virtues. Therefore, most poets dedicated their poetry towards filtrating a number of foreign maidens and female slaves who possessed distinctive features of beauty and urbanity. Those charming and attractive maidens used to accompany men in their assemblies in order to amuse them through jesting, singing and dancing. This new way of life promoted poets to dedicate their poetry to describe disgraceful features of beauty followed by an expression of shameless desires and incentives which resulted into two types of flirtation erotic and nonerotic (preservative) love poetry. The spread of the two types reduces the use of platonic poetry in some extent. In addition to what have been mentioned above, it can be said that the majority of abbasid platonic poets were not well-known that no interest was given to collect their works or to narrate their stories as happened with Abbas - Ibn - AL-Ahnaf. The reason behind this obvious hidden of those poets from literature can be attributed to their true intention to express their deep feelings and emotions passionately free from any material benefit. However, the shadow of the platonic poetry has still been reflected as one clear aspect of the abased period although it seems that this poetry lost many of its distinctive characteristics, and in turn gained new different elements as a result of the new developments and changes that took place in the Abbasid period . In such case, it was difficult for the platonic poetry to preserve its distinguished qualities more than one generation. Therefore, we should look into this poetry through different point of view. This view allows us to see the platonic poetry form the side of the Abbasid period with its own characteristics away from vices and desires an one side, and through the Umayyad platonic poets with their deep pure feelings and warmth of sighs on the other side - Eventually, this point of view applies to the Abbasid platonic poetry.