Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients in the West Bank: A Cross Sectional Study

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Date
2018-07-18
Authors
Taha, Ibrahim
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جامعة النجاح الوطنية
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Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications associated with uncontrolled DM. DR is a leading preventable cause of visual impairment in the world and is also the leading cause of blindness in adults under 75 years of age in developing countries. We aimed to explore the prevalence and associated risk factors of DR among diabetic patients in the West Bank. Materials and Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in all West Bank cities. All patients underwent a comprehensive eye exam in addition to blood and urine tests. Early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) questionnaire was used for data collection from all patients. Results: Prevalence of all DR in West Bank was 41.8%, While the prevalence of NPDR was 50.3% (Mild NPDR 38.5%, 10.6% for moderate NPDR and 1.2% for severe NPDR), PDR was 9.9% and 39.7% for DME (mild DME was 17.4%, moderate DME 15.5% and severe DME was 6.8%). Prevalence of vision threatening (PDR, DME) was 49.7%. univariate analysis had shown that DR were significantly associated with BMI (P = .035), DM duration (P = .002), LDL (P = .034), GOT level (P = .016) and BU (P = .044). Multivariate analysis have shown a strong significant association between diabetic retinopathy with DM duration (P ˂ 0.05), abnormal levels of LDL (P = 0.008), abnormal levels of GOT (P ˂ 0.05), and Overweight (P ˂ 0.05). Conclusion: Earlier diagnosis of diabetes and DR can help to control some of DR factors and prevent further complications and vision loss. Population-based educational programs on diabetes and diabetic retinopathy and continuous medical education on diabetes management can improve diabetes care and self-management and prevent eye complications
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