Mechanical Engineering
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- ItemIntegrating Arduino Technology for Efficient Geothermal Heat Pump Management(2025-02-20) Ahmed Assaf; Hani BalatiAbstract The increasing demand for sustainable and energy-efficient solutions in the heating and cooling sector highlights the importance of this project. Integrating geothermal heat pumps with solar panels, controlled by an Arduino and enhanced with a MOSFET for efficient pump regulation, represents a cutting-edge approach to leveraging renewable energy resources for reducing carbon footprints and operational costs in residential and commercial buildings. This project stands out due to its innovative blend of technologies that harness the Earth's natural thermal energy and solar power, demonstrating a forward-thinking solution to climate change and energy consumption challenges. The project is significant as it encapsulates the intersection of renewable energy technology and smart automation to create a highly efficient, sustainable heating and cooling system. Its significance lies in its potential to significantly reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lower electricity costs, and provide a scalable model for future green infrastructure projects. By employing an Arduino-based control system with integrated temperature, current, and voltage sensors, it enables precise real-time monitoring and energy optimization. Key aspects include system integration for sustainability, Arduino-based smart control, efficient pump management using MOSFETs, environmental impact analysis, and economic viability assessment. The objectives are to design an integrated sustainable system, develop intelligent control algorithms, demonstrate environmental benefits, and assess cost-effectiveness. The methodology involves system design, Arduino programming, prototype testing under real-world conditions in Arrabeh, Palestine, and performance analysis. This project is the first of its kind to combine these technologies, making the solution more sustainable, energy-efficient, and impactful
- ItemExtrusion process using finite element analyses(2025-02-17) Othman Kittani; Rafeq Abd Alhafez; Mohammad Irshaid; Hamza MashaqiAbstract This study employs Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ABAQUS/CAE to investigate the hot direct extrusion process, with a focus on deformation mechanics, applied forces, and the interplay of critical parameters such as temperature, die angles, profile radius, coefficient of friction , and material properties. The research bridges analytical methodologies from manufacturing theory with advanced numerical simulations to validate the predictive accuracy of FEA in industrial applications. A comparative analysis of AA6061 aluminum and Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys underscores the influence of material behavior on extrusion forces, product integrity, and residual material retention. A comprehensive field visit to NAPCO (National Aluminum & Profile Company) in Palestine provided empirical insights into industrial extrusion workflows, including billet preparation, die design, and post-processing treatments. Numerical simulations explored the effects of die geometry (semi-die angles, fillet radii) and interfacial friction on stress distribution, temperature gradients, and deformation homogeneity. Results revealed that elevated temperatures reduce flow stress in AA6061, while optimal die angles (45°–60°) and increased fillet radii (10–20 mm) mitigate contact pressure by up to 67%, enhancing material flow efficiency. For Ti-6Al-4V, strain rate sensitivity was pronounced, with higher rates amplifying stress concentrations near die interfaces. This work validates FEA outcomes against theoretical models and industrial benchmarks, offering actionable strategies to optimize extrusion parameters, minimize operational costs, and improve product performance. By integrating computational rigor with practical manufacturing insights, the study advances the application of FEA in metal-forming industries.
- ItemCement replacement for concrete mixture containing 4% pyrolysis carbon black(2024-09-11) Mohammad asaad; Ali Barahme; Afnan HmeiadanAbstract: This research aims to replace the cement for concrete mixture containing 4% PCB and to study the concrete properties as compression, slump, friction and absorption tests. The importance of this research is to know the possibility of reducing the amount of cement in concrete mixtures containing 4% PCB with a focus on maintaining the mechanical properties of the concrete mixture. Key words: Concrete, PCB,and CR :cement reduction
- ItemDesign and Construction of Automatic Demolding Machine for Artificial Stone(2024-07-21) ehab alfe; Tahseen Odeh; Waled RashedABSTRACT Palestine is witnessing a steady increase in population, which has led to a high demand in the construction sector to meet the population’s needs for housing, restaurants and shops. This of course leads to increased consumption of building materials, including building stone. Natural stone rocks are the main source of stones; however, extracting and processing natural stone is difficult and expensive; for this reason, artificial stone has emerged as a potential alternative to natural stone. Unfortunately, the artificial stone industry still relies on manual labor with minimal process automation; therefore, the production rate is relatively low. To mitigate the challenges of cost and production rate in the artificial stone industry, it is necessary to automate the production processes in this sector; in particular, automating the demolding process. Since the cost of imported automatic demolding machines is high, it would be less expensive to manufacture such a machine locally. In this project, an automated demolding machine is designed; the machine consists of four main blocks: stone feeding, stone demolding, stone unloading, and mold spraying. All blocks and parts were designed using the SolidWorks software, and a simulation of the machine’s working stages was carried out. Moreover, to prove the concept of demolding by vibration, a prototype of the vibrator (which is the demolding block) was manufactured in collaboration with the Al-Talawi Factory in Nablus. Finally, a preliminary financial analysis was conducted to compare manual demolding cost versus automatic demolding cost to prove the feasibility of automating the process.
- ItemExploring the Potential: Physico-Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Innovative Rubber-Infused Bricks(2024-07-21) Hisham Arabi; Mohamad Ateeq; Mohamad Judeh; Osaed BsharatAbstract Rubber tires are an important material in our lives, but they cause many environmental problems during disposal. From this arises the aim of this project, which is to use rubber tire waste to produce thermally insulated cement bricks. This provides a sustainable solution to reduce environmental waste while enhancing energy efficiency in buildings and addresses two crucial challenges in the construction industry: enhancing sustainability and improving thermal efficiency. The objective of this research is to manufacture thermally insulated bricks by incorporating rubber tire powder. This involves partially replacing coarse sand with rubber tire powder in varying weight percentage ratios, specifically 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, and comparing these with reference (control) concrete bricks (0%) and bricks from a local factory. First, concrete bricks are produced as control or reference samples without rubber tire powder, and then with the mentioned proportions of rubber tire powder. After 28 days, tests were conducted for density, water absorption, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity. The results indicated that density decreased with increasing proportions of rubber tire powder, with a 6% reduction when comparing the reference brick to the brick containing 20% rubber tire powder. All values were less than 1650 kg/m³, indicating compliance with Palestinian quality standards. Water absorption increased with higher rubber tire powder content, increasing by 20% when comparing the reference brick to the brick containing 20% rubber tire powder, with values less than 12%, meeting international standards. Compressive strength decreased with increasing rubber tire powder content, with a 9% reduction when comparing the reference brick to the brick containing 20% rubber tire powder. The values were above 3.5 N/mm², except for the 20% ratio, which was lower, indicating compliance with Palestinian standards except for the 20%. The results showed that the thermal conductivity values were 0.71, 0.50, 0.42, 0.36, and 0.26 W/m. K at ratios of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. These values indicate that as the rubber tire powder content increases, the thermal conductivity decreases. The thermal conductivity decreased by 64.43% when comparing the reference brick to the brick containing 20% rubber tire powder. The comparison between the reference bricks and the local bricks showed that the reference bricks had higher density and compressive strength than the local bricks, while the water absorption of the reference bricks was slightly lowe