Engineering Management
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- ItemSUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM CONSIDERING DRIVERS HEALTH STATE AND RISK OF ACCIDENTS(An-Najah National University, 2024-03-04) Snouber, AbedalazizDue to the rapid growth of urbanization, the issue of solid waste management has drawn the attention of society and all stakeholders, because of the harm that will affect citizens and the environment if waste is not managed properly. Our research aims at solving a solid waste management vehicle routing problem that integrates the three pillars of sustainability; environmental, economic, and social. More specifically, our approach intends to investigate the effect of different drivers’ health state on the different parameters in solid waste management networks, by estimating the probability of suffering from work-related injuries, using Markov’s Chain model. In addition, our approach extends the reality of the model by considering different parameters and variables that will improve its practicality, such as including different cost functions. Furthermore, to ensure sustainable business practices, our model aims at minimizing the CO2 emissions resulting from different types of waste vehicles. Also, the social factor was studied by considering drivers’ health condition, minimizing the risk of accidents facing drivers, and minimizing any deviation from balanced workload between drivers. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) was used to solve the developed model, due to its ability to tackle multi-objective vehicle routing problems in general, and Solid Waste Management Vehicle Routing Problems in particular. After solving the proposed model, results revealed the effect of driver’s health states on different cost functions, in addition to the negative impact of high travel distance and waste vehicle load on the health condition of drivers. Sensitivity analyses illustrated how different model variables and parameters interact with each other, in addition to the effect of travel distance and vehicle load on drivers’ health conditions. The execution of this model in the waste management sector yields many advantages for service providers, due to its ability to monitor the health condition of drivers at each node in the network. This results in productive healthy drivers carrying out operations, who can achieve financial success along with a healthy and safe working environment.
- ItemA FRAMEWORK STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABILITY CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT: CASE OF WEST BANK, PALESTINE(An-Najah National University, 2024-04-06) Hareez, FirasThis study aims to develop a strategic framework for sustainable construction and demolition (C&D) waste management in the West Bank of Palestine. Currently, no regulatory system governs C&D waste, resulting in unsustainable practices like dumping and burning that degrade the environment and public health. Previous research provided initial estimates of waste quantities, but gaps remain regarding generation patterns, stakeholder roles, and barriers. The research uses a mixed-methods approach, including questionnaires with 100 professionals and interviews with 10 interviewees. Secondary data from literature and reports supplements the Analysis. Findings show a lack of on-site segregation and essential management, 35% of the debris was dumped and more than 5% of the debris was burned illegally. Joint Service Councils manage collection and disposal but have limited capacity and funding. Political fragmentation also complicates coordination. Significant barriers include inadequate policies, infrastructure, lack of private sector compliance, and socioeconomic pressures. Study proposes a strategic framework to address these challenges to establish a coordinated C&D waste governance system by 2027. Objectives focus on strengthening regulations, improving on-site practices, developing infrastructure networks, boosting reuse/recycling markets, and creating sustainable financing mechanisms. A phased implementation plan outlines priority actions, responsibilities, and timelines for stakeholders to transition the sector toward sustainability. The framework provides a roadmap to guide reforms and capacity building needed to manage C&D waste responsibly in the West Bank.
- ItemASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CLINICAL ALARM MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON PATIENT ’S SAFETY AS PERCEIVED BY NURSES: THE MODERATING ROLE OF JCI-ACCREDITATION(An Najah National University, 2024-09-25) Abdelhadi, FadiThis study investigates the impact of Clinical Alarm Management Practices and Knowledge (CAMPK) on Patient Safety as Perceived by Nurses (PSPN) and the moderating role of Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation within Palestinian hospitals. To this end, the Health Technology Foundation (HTF) 2016 Clinical Alarms Survey, was used to collect data from 102 nurses across various departments in Palestinian hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using the partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) via Smart PLS software. The findings of the analysis revealed that effective CAMPK positively enhance the PSPN with value of ( p = 0.004) . Furthermore, the study shows the importance of reducing nuisance alarms and the use of smart alarm systems as major and important elements of CAMPK that positively impact PSPN. JCI accreditation was found to have a minimum statistically significant effect on nurses’ perception of patient safety and a minimum moderating effect on the relation between CAMPK and PSPN. The analysis shows that the interaction effect between JCI and CAMPK on PSPN was not statistically significant p = 0.486 which is > 0.05 . In order to enhance patient safety perceptions this study suggests that accreditation alone is insufficient and a comprehensive approach integrating CAMPK and tailored accreditation processes is necessary. The findings show the complexity of patient safety improvements and the need for ongoing evaluation and adjustment of clinical practices and accreditation standards. The study's conclusion provides data highlighting the importance of effective Clinical Alarm Management Practices and Knowledge (CAMPK) in enhancing nurses' perceptions of patient safety (PSPN). Also this study provides the tools, for healthcare policymakers and administrators in Palestinian healthcare sector as well as clinical staff, necessary for developing patient safety programs in the altered clinical settings, allowing one to comprehend the link between CAMPK, PSPN, and JCI accreditation. As Palestinian hospitals have just recently begun to participate in international joint commission accreditation, accrediting processes require regular reviews and modifications. Administrators need to take a more active role in quality improvement initiatives in order to close any gaps that exist and ensure that clinical practice and accreditation criteria are in line with patient safety objectives. Keywords: Clinical Alarm Management Practices and Knowledge (CAMPK), Patient Safety, Smart PLS, Palestinian healthcare sector, nuisance alarms, Health Technology Foundation (HTF).
- ItemTHE IMPACT OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON OF SUSTAINABILITY IN PALESTINIAN HOSPITALS, THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AS A MEDIATOR(An-Najah National University, 2024-07-02) Issa, YaraSustainability is an organizational phenomenon that has been largely focused on in western literature. However, in developing countries, its importance has not been realized until recent years. The current study aims to investigate the impact of total quality management (TQM) on hospitals sustainability (HS) through mediating role of organizational culture (OC). Seven TQM practices were adopted from the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) model, organizational sustainability consisted of social, environmental and economic dimensions and OC consisted of two types, namely, hierarchical and market cultures. The conceptual model was built on "institutional theory" to explain the relationships between the study variables. A questionnaire was used as a quantitative tool for data collection from 90 respondents from 26 public and private hospitals working in West Bank-Palestine. Partial least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used for analysis. The findings indicated high levels of implementation of TQM practices (4.0989) and OC practices (4.2155). Moreover, organizational sustainability of hospitals was implemented at high level (3.938). The structural analyses indicated a significant and positive impact of TQM on HS (β =0.649, T =10.705, P-value =0.000). This indicates that TQM significantly enhances organizational capabilities to achieve sustainability outcomes. TQM also proved to have a significant and positive impact on OC (β =0.743, T =13.080, P-value =0.000). Moreover, a similar impact of OC is found on HS (β =0.235, T =3.512, P-value =0.000). Finally, OC was found to act as a partial mediator in the relationship between TQM and HS (β = 0.174, T = 3.266, P-value =0.001). The analysis revealed that TQM is equally important for all hospitals (public and private) for sustainability of hospitals, at different levels of organizational culture. This study provides practical implications for achieving the hospital sector’s sustainability by merging OC with practices of TQM, which provides valuable insights into the hospital’s policies and practices and individuals vital to data exchange and policy enforcement within the sustainability of organizations.
- ItemEXAMINING LOCAL PALESTINIAN MARKET READINESS TO ADAPT TO EXTENDED REALITY TECHNOLOGY THROUGH ACADEMIC-INDUSTRIAL PARTNERSHIP(An-Najah National University, 2024-06-29) Atawneh, MohammadThe rapid development of Extended Reality (XR) that consists of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) technology holds immense potential for various industries to revolutionize their operations. However, successful adoption of XR requires a market that is prepared to integrate this new technology. This thesis investigates the readiness of the Palestinian local market to embrace XR. This research proposes a model to assess the local market's readiness to adopt extended reality technology. The research utilized the questionnaire and interviews as quantitative and qualitative approaches, respectively. The study covered the research community, with 80 samples representing the Palestinian government as well as private institutions and companies. The researcher distributed and analysed questionnaires using the SMART-PLS program, as well as conducted manual analysis of 20 interviews with different institutions. The model consists of eight variables: training, trainees, innovation readiness, strategic readiness, and resource readiness, which are independent variables; organizational performance and industrial-academic partnership (IAP), which are intermediate variables; and the organization’s readiness to adapt to the technology of extended reality, which is a dependent variable. The study concluded that the Palestinian local market is already ready to adapt XR technology, and the interviews provided an insight into the opinions of Palestinian institutions with XR technology, the obstacles that exist, and how to overcome them through the industrial-academic partnership. The study revealed the local market's interest in XR technology across various sectors, particularly the engineering sector, despite the challenges faced by each sector, including material constraints and a shortage of qualified human resources. The study confirmed that the industrial-academic partnership will help overcome these barriers and challenges by providing training and addressing material obstacles. Accordingly, the researcher recommended establishing industrial academic partnerships, providing the necessary resources to adopt this technology in all sectors, and supporting start-up companies in this field.