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Browsing Pharmacy by Author "Alaa Ahmad Lottfy Awwad"

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    PREVALENCE AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS (GBS) FROM NABLUS AREA
    (2023-09-19) Alaa Ahmad Lottfy Awwad
    Background: Group B streptococci (GBS) are gram-positive bacteria, normally colonize human's genital and gastrointestinal tract asymptomatically, they colonize 18% of women worldwide, they could be transmitted to 50% of newborns from their colonized mothers causing invasive diseases. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to find out GBS prevalence in Nablus, Palestine, the serotypes present, the antibiotics susceptibility and antibiotics resistance genes present on isolated GBS. Methodology: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from September 2022 to January 2023 at Rafidia Governmental Surgical Hospital and Al-Itihad Hospital, a convenient sampling technique was used to study 184 pregnant women with gestational age of 33 weeks and above. Descriptive data of participants was collected using questionnaires. A total of 184 vaginal swabs were taken from participants. Swabs were cultured on Uriselect 4 chrom media, bale blue colonies were confirmed by CAMP test and by PCR. Susceptibility pattern was performed. Antibiotic resistance genes and capsular polysaccharide antigens were also tested using PCR. Results: GBS prevalence was 11.4%, a significant association had been found between GBS colonization and residency in city (P-value: 0.014). 100% of GBS isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, linezolid, cefepime, and ceftriaxone, 71.4% were resistant to tetracycline, 28.5% resistant to erythromycin, 23.8% resistance to clindamycin and 4.7% resistant to levofloxacin. ermB resistance gene presented in 19% of isolates, mefA presented in 4.7% of isolates and the majority 90% presented with the tetM gene. Serotype III accounted for 42.8% of isolates, serotype V 23.8%, 14.2% were serotype II, 9.5% were serotype Ib, 4.7% were serotype IV whereas 4.7% were non-typeable. Conclusions: This study used combined methodology comparable to the international CLSI guidelines to confirm GBS isolates, serotypes, and the antibiotics profile. GBS isolates accounted for 11.4% of screened pregnant, GBS colonization was significantly associated with living in city (P-value 0.014), 100% of isolates were sensitive to penicillin, and 71.4% were resistant to tetracycline. Most isolates possessed the tetM resistance gene. Serotype III was the predominant (42.8%). Keywords: GBS, Streptococcus agalactiae, serotypes, antibiotics resistance genes