Transportation Engineering
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Browsing Transportation Engineering by Author "Dr. Osama Abaza"
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- ItemApplication of Superpave System for Binder Selection Based on Local Conditions(2008) Ala'a Shafiq Lutfi Abdullah; Dr. Osama Abaza; Dr. Khaled Al-SahiliThis thesis generally, aims to apply the Superpave system in West Bank regions. This system was developed in the U.S.A during period 1987- 1993. The temperature data for West Bank regions was obtained from Directorate of Meteorology at the Ministry of Transportation. The latitude for each city was obtained from geographical maps. The analysis of data showed that most of Palestinian areas require one Type of binder which is PG 64-10 excluding Jericho, which requires PG 70-10. According to a study conducted in Jordan about the properties of local binders, which is the same type of binder used in the West Bank, it appeared that it has the same properties of PG 64-16. Therefore, the local binder can be used in all West Bank regions excluding Jericho. In this thesis several special cases were studied as such as slow traffic, standing traffic, and heavy traffic volume. The optimum binders for these cases were determined accordingly. Finally, it is recommended to use Superpave system in the West Bank because it has better performance over the Marshall mix design, as found by several studies.
- ItemDeveloping a Roughness Criterion as a Basisfor Performance Measurement of Palestinian Roadway Network(2004) Ma’amoun Awni Mahmoud Al-Ghalieh; Dr. Osama AbazaWell known fact states that a good roadway network has strong and positive relationship with the national economy. Therefore, research is applied in most countries and academic institutions to find a suitable approach to evaluate pavements so as to develop a pavement management system “PMS”. The pavement evaluation should be measured objectively and not subjectively. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a machine utilizing roughness criteria as a basis for PMS program. The proposed machine will have the capability of reading the road coordinates. A mathematical model was developed to measure those parameters that form the basis for the software developed for processing the input data. The serviceability can be determined by the use of the static profile. The new machine determines the road level every 0.64m, and with using rating systems such as the International Roughness Index “IRI”, the decision can be made to find out the maintenance strategy needed. Based on the results obtained in this thesis, the mathematical model developed in association with the machine designed for implementing this model reflects the true coordination of pavement structure from the point of view of performance and road profile.
- ItemModeling Pedestrian Behavior on Pedestrian Crosswalks(2007) Zahir Wasfi Tawfiq Abu Sa'a; Dr. Osama AbazaEver since the revitalization of the central city area has become an urgent issue, especially for the countries where motorization accelerates the urban sprawl and the center of the city, there has been a tendency to emphasize the importance of studying the walking behavior and environment of pedestrians. Insight into walking behavior is essential for theory and model development describing the behavior of pedestrians on pedestrian crosswalks. In turn, combined models (Birth-Death process) can be used to test and compare different infrastructure designs, both from the perspective of efficiency and safety. To calibrate these models, simple data is required such as pedestrian arrival rate and pedestrian departure rate. This thesis deals with an approach to estimate the actual green time for pedestrian signal. The objective relates to the management of the pedestrians crosswalks to enhance utilization of traffic signals, which is considered one of the main issues facing transportation system especially inside the congested cities. A mathematical model was made to describe the behavior of pedestrians at and during the crossing of the roadway at signalized crosswalks. The queuing theory was utilized to model this process. The proposed model was derived and developed for CBD areas based on actual field measurements of key parameters at crosswalks in the urban area of Nablus-Palestine. The model was tested and calibrated on other locations in the city and the CBD area of the city of Ramallah and showed that it can be applied with significant efficiency which eventually will be reflected in the design of pedestrian signal.
- ItemUtilization of Olive Husk as a Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Portland cement Concrete Mixes for Non-Structural Uses(2007) Iyad Jameel Ahmad Bani Odi; Dr. Osama AbazaThis research aims at partially solving the environmental problem of olive oil wastes (husk & ash) by utilizing this waste in non-structural concrete mixes. On the other hand, this research aims at studying the effects of using olive oil wastes (husk & ash) on the physical properties of Portland cement concrete. To achieve the purpose of this thesis, the following methodology will emphasize and express the physical characteristics of Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) when olive oil waste (Husk) and Burned Husk (Ash) are used in the production of lightweight concrete, the following tests were done: sieve Analysis and specific gravity for coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, olive husk, olive ash. Different percentage replacements of olive husk or ash were used (0, 25, 50, 75, 100) % for concrete grades (PCC150,PCC200, PCC250, PCC300, PCC450), for each grade four samples for each proportion were done to test slump, density and compressive strength. In addition, three samples were prepared for testing absorption, abrasion, noise insulation, and thermal insulation. Results for all percentage replacements of olive husk and ash for all grades were ranging from (23-29) mm for slump. For olive husk and ash (density & compressive strength) are decreased as percentage replacement increases. For water absorption, as percentage replacement by olive husk and olive ash decrease, water absorption increases. For abrasion test, losses in weight due to abrasion increase as a percent replacement of olive husk or ash increases. For noise insulation, sound reduction increases as the percentage replacement of olive husk or ash increases. For thermal insulation, it increases as percent replacement of olive husk increases; however, it decreases as percent replacement of olive ash increases. Key words: Portland cement concrete, olive oil waste, husk, burned husk, ash, utilization, non-structural concrete.
- ItemUtilization of Waste Tires in the Production of Non-Structural Portland Cement Concrete(2007) Saleem Mohammed Saleem Shtayeh; Dr. Osama AbazaThis thesis, generally, aims to explore the potential utilization of waste crumb tires in various Portland Cement Concrete categories for the production of non-structural Portland cement concrete to study the structural behavior of concrete, and to help partially solving environmental problem produced from disposing waste tires. Raw materials of coarse and fine aggregate used in this thesis were tested, fine aggregate (sand) was replaced using volumetric method by waste crumb tires with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% replacements for the various PCC categories of B-150, 200, 250, 300, and B-450 kg/cm2. Several tests were made on fresh and hardened concrete, like compressive strength, slump, water absorption, density, modulus of elasticity, noise and thermal insulation tests, and abrasion resistance, Compressive strength, density, and modulus of elasticity decreased as the percent replacement by waste crumb tires increased; water absorption initially decreased and started to increase after an increasing in the percent of replacement, slump showed no significant change. Abrasion resistance, noise and thermal insulation increased as the percent replacement increased. Finally it is recommended to use waste crumb tires for non-structural Portland cement concrete, such as floor rips, partitions, back stone concrete, concrete blocks, and other non-structural uses. Key words: Portland cement concrete, waste crumb tire, physical properties, utilization, non-structural concrete.