Sources and Molecular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress, and its Role in disease
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Date
2011-05-04
Authors
Eva Liebaude
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Abstract
<p>The utilization of oxygen in biological systems is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).While ROS have some beneficial roles through the involvement in redox regulation and intracellular signaling of thecell, they can readily react with biologically relevant molecules and modification or damage of DNA, proteins, lipidsand carbohydrates have been related to pathogenesis of various diseases. To uphold the delicate balance betweenROS levels and oxidative damage, cells utilize a multilayered defense system of enzymatic and non-enzymaticantioxidants. Oxidative stress occurs when there is a disturbance in the balance between oxidant-antioxidant statesin favor of the oxidant environment, leading to a disruption of signaling and redox regulation and/or moleculardamage and pathological processes. Oxidative stress as cause, result or epiphenomenon in degenerative disease andthe free-radical theory of aging will be discussed.</p>
<p>The utilization of oxygen in biological systems is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).While ROS have some beneficial roles through the involvement in redox regulation and intracellular signaling of thecell, they can readily react with biologically relevant molecules and modification or damage of DNA, proteins, lipidsand carbohydrates have been related to pathogenesis of various diseases. To uphold the delicate balance betweenROS levels and oxidative damage, cells utilize a multilayered defense system of enzymatic and non-enzymaticantioxidants. Oxidative stress occurs when there is a disturbance in the balance between oxidant-antioxidant statesin favor of the oxidant environment, leading to a disruption of signaling and redox regulation and/or moleculardamage and pathological processes. Oxidative stress as cause, result or epiphenomenon in degenerative disease andthe free-radical theory of aging will be discussed.</p>
<p>The utilization of oxygen in biological systems is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).While ROS have some beneficial roles through the involvement in redox regulation and intracellular signaling of thecell, they can readily react with biologically relevant molecules and modification or damage of DNA, proteins, lipidsand carbohydrates have been related to pathogenesis of various diseases. To uphold the delicate balance betweenROS levels and oxidative damage, cells utilize a multilayered defense system of enzymatic and non-enzymaticantioxidants. Oxidative stress occurs when there is a disturbance in the balance between oxidant-antioxidant statesin favor of the oxidant environment, leading to a disruption of signaling and redox regulation and/or moleculardamage and pathological processes. Oxidative stress as cause, result or epiphenomenon in degenerative disease andthe free-radical theory of aging will be discussed.</p>