مستوى إشباع الحاجات النفسية للنوع الاجتماعي وعلاقتها بمستوى التوافق المهني للعاملين في المؤسسات الحكومية في محافظات شمال الضفة الغربية من وجهة نظرهم
Date
2016-11-08
Authors
ألاء عزت بهجت, محمود
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
جامعة النجاح الوطنية
Abstract
هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى مستوى إشباع الحاجات النفسية للنوع الاجتماعي وعلاقتها بالتوافق المهني للعاملين في المؤسسات الحكومية في محافظات شمال الضفة الغربية من وجهة نظرهم. تكوَّن مجتمع الدراسة من جميع العاملين في المؤسسات الحكومية في محافظات شمال الضفة الغربية والبالغ عددهم (51400) عاملاً وعاملة، اختيرت منهم عينة طبقية عرضية تكونت من (400) عاملاً وعاملة، وزعت عليهم استبانة طورتها الباحثة شملت بُعدين رئيسين تناول الأول مستوى إشباع الحاجات النفسية، في حين تناول البعد الثاني مستوى التوافق المهني للعاملين، وبعد أن تم جمع البيانات وتحليلها توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج التالية:
أولا: أن مستوى إشباع الحاجات النفسية لدى العاملين في المؤسسات الحكومية في محافظات شمال الضفة الغربية بغض النظر عن النوع الاجتماعي قد كانت كبيرة، وبمتوسط (3.65)، ولم يكن للنوع الاجتماعي دوراً يذكر في تعديل هذه النتيجة، وأن مستوى التوافق المهني لدى العاملين في المؤسسات الحكومية في محافظات شمال الضفة الغربية بغض النظر عن النوع الاجتماعي قد كانت كبيرة، وبمتوسط (3.44)، ولم يكن للنوع الاجتماعي دوراً يذكر في تعديل هذه النتيجة.
ثانيا: عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤ 0.05)، في مستوى إشباع الحاجات النفسية للعاملين تبعا لمتغير الجنس للموظف، وذلك على مستوى الحاجات مجتمعة، وعلى كل مجال من مجالاتها الفرعية.
ثالثاً: عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤ 0.05)، في مستوى التوافق المهني للعاملين تبعا لمتغير الجنس للموظف، وذلك على مستوى المستوى الكلية للتوافق المهني، وعلى كل من المجالات: (مدعمات العمل الاقتصادي، والعلاقة بالزملاء، والإشراف، وقيمة العمل)، في حين تبين وجود فروق في التوافق لصالح الذكور على مستوى مجالات: ظروف العمل، ونوع العمل، والجندر، ولصالح الإناث على مستوى على مجالي: مدعمات العمل الاجتماعية، والإدارة.
رابعاً: وجود علاقة موجبة دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (α ≤ 0.05) بين مستوى إشباع الحاجات النفسية للعاملين: (التقبل والاحترام، الحب والاهتمام، المواساة والدعم والتشجيع، الاستقلالية، الانتماء والأمان، التقدير والرضا)، وكل مجال من مجالات التوافق المهني لهم: (مدعمات العمل الاقتصادية، ومدعمات العمل الاجتماعية، وظروف العمل، والعلاقة بالزملاء، والإشراف، والإدارة، ونوع العمل، وقيمة العمل، والجندر)، وأن قوة العلاقة ما بينها تختلف باختلاف الجنس للموظف.
بناء على ما توصلت إليه الدراسة من نتائج، أوصت الباحثة بضرورة اهتمام القائمين على المؤسسات الحكومية بالعمل على رفع مستوى التوافق المهني للعاملين في مجال مدعمات العمل الاقتصادية، وذلك للذكور والإناث على حد السواء، والتركيز على رفع مستوى توافق الإناث المهني في مجال النوع الاجتماعي (الجندر) وتلبية احتياجاتها فيه.
Description
The study aimed to identify The level of Satisfaction of the Gender-based Psychological need’s, and its Relationship to the Professional Compatibility of the Females and Males Employees in the Governmental Institutions in the West Bank’s Northern Province. The study population consisted of all employees in government institutions in the provinces of the north of the West Bank's (51400) factor and running, chosen them sample stratified random consisted of (400) factor and running, have been distributed a questionnaire developed by the researcher included two dimensions presidents dealt with first level satisfying psychological needs, while eating the second dimension level of professional consensus for workers, moreover, the researcher interviewed 80 domestic workers employed in these institutions - from outside the study sample Alriash- of domestication say in identifying the obstacles that prevent satisfy psychological needs, and reduce the Twaped professional level, but domesticated by the researcher in the interpretation of some of the results, after the data has been collected and analyzed the study found the following results:
First, that the level of satisfaction of the psychological needs of the employees in government institutions in the provinces of the northern West Bank, regardless of gender has been great, and the average (3.6450), and not gender role mentioned in the amendment this result, and that the professional level of consensus among workers in enterprises government in the provinces of the northern West Bank, regardless of gender has been great, and the average (3.4366), and did not mention gender in modifying this result role.
Second, it turned out to be the most important obstacles that disturb the balance of satisfying psychological needs, and reduce the level of psychological satisfaction among workers in government institutions in the provinces of the northern West Bank regardless of the sex of the employee and prevent achieve professional consensus by more than the (95%) had represented the absence of standards to upgrade, and that recruitment is not based on the principle of efficiency, lack of coordination between departments and departments within the workplace, and destructive criticism.
While they were the most important of these obstacles from the standpoint of working men, which got a percentage of answer was (100%) of the men are: low salaries, lack of incentives, and lack of coordination between departments and departments within the workplace, and randomness at work, and the lack of proportionality between qualification and the nature of the work, and the nature of the work does not fit the employee's ambition, and lack of cooperation within the organization.
The obstacles that got proportion answer (100%) of the interview sample of women members were represented by: the absence of promotion criteria, and that recruitment is not based on the principle of efficiency, and the prevalence of destructive criticism, and the lack of nursery for the children of employees close to the action, psychological, functional and social problems and central in the work, and lack of installation and stability in the work and the extension of contracts (lack of job security), racial discrimination (sex), and lack of interest of officials, including the employee of ideas concerning the work, and the loss of communication between the worker and administrator, and lack of commitment to job description when the distribution of tasks on employees, and non-mainstream updates regarding the organization of employees in the organization.
Third, the lack of statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05), the level of satisfaction of the psychological needs of employees according to gender of the employee, and the level of the combined needs, and on each of its sub-fields.
Fourth, the lack of statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05), the level of professional consensus for employees depending on the variable sex of the employee, at the level of the college class of professional consensus, and on each of the areas of: (desmostylia economic action, relationship with colleagues, supervision, and the value of work), while the existence of differences in compatibility turned out in favor of males at the level of areas: working conditions, type of work, and gender, in favor of females at the level of the fields of: desmostylia social work and management.
Fifth, a linear relationship is positive statistically significant at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the level of satisfaction of the psychological needs of employees (acceptance, respect, love and attention, sympathy, support and encouragement, autonomy, belonging and safety, appreciation and satisfaction), and every area of professional compatibility them: desmostylia economic work, desmostylia social work, working conditions, and the relationship with colleagues, supervision, administration, and the type of work, and the value of work, and gender, and that the relationship between them strength vary in the event that the employee's a man or a woman.
Based on the findings of the study results, the researcher recommended the promotion of respect for and appreciation of women's efforts and deal with them justly, and to reduce their working hours when it is working on additional roles for men; Kaldor reproductive, child care, and the affairs of the house, and the realization of the principle of social justice in the workplace; and so through employment and occupancy of all positions based on qualifications and efficiency of the employee not to race.
Keywords
Psychological needs , Professional compatibility , Gender (gender) , Government institutions