Current Status of Stone-Cutting Waste Management in Palestine Team Members 2 Abdelraheem khateeb Bara’a Abu Baker Rahaf Ghozzi Saad Jodallah o Table of Contents 01 02 03 Objectives Problem Statment 07 06 05 Conclusion and Recommendation Research Gap Data analysis Methodology Introduction Introduction 1 01 02 03 04 One of 50 largest and most powerful marketplaces worldwide. 10% annual increase in global stone and marble sales. 600 Million m2 the annual consumption of stone. $28 Billion Value of sales. Stone & Marble Industry 5 My First Template 12th Largest stockholder of construction stones 4% Of world production 4.5% Of Palestinian GDP 20,000 Employees Palestinian Stone Market share for stone and marble industry 7 70% 70% of the total production go to Israel occupying market. 10% 10% of the total production exporting to global market. 20% 20% of the total production go to domestic market. Distribution of quarries and stone factories 8 Number of Factories Bethlehem Hebron Nablus Jenin Ramallah Tulkarem Salfit Qalqilya 210 200 86 78 55 8 8 7 15%-85% Of Total material extracted is lost. 1.24 million tons Of solid and liquid waste (slurry/sludge) will be generated annually in Palestine. 9 Stone Waste Stone Waste Types 10 Quarrying Main types Stone Waste Other types Equipment Spent Petroleum Products Fabricating Cracked Stones Small Stones and Rocks Little Broken Stone Pieces Stone Powder Rubbish Wastewater Sludge Problem Statement 2 The stone industries in Palestine produce a large amount of waste and a small percentage of it is exploited. Objectives 3 Objective of The project 14 Assess the current approaches of waste management in stone-cutting industries in Palestine Provides the best practices to deal with waste Research Gap 4 All of previous studies conducted: 1- for specific areas in Palestine . 2- for specific type of waste. Methodology 5 18 Step 8 Step 7 Step 6 Step 5 Step 4 Step 3 Step 2 Step 1 Conduct a Sufficient Relevant Literature Review Study Tool Analyzing data Draw Conclusions & Recommendations State the study questions, and Formulate proper Hypotheses Collect Data Test the hypothesis Document all results in a report (the project report) 19 Study Tool Tools Interviews Software analysis Questionaries Communicating with specialists and officials in this field Designing questionnaires to collect appropriate data for this study Make proper analysis using SPSS, Minitab and excel Sample Size Calculated by Herbert Arken formula Sample Size The sample size is calculated using the Herbert Arken formula : n The following parameters were used: N= 629 P= 0.5 SE= 9.96 t=1.64 for 90% confidence level. The accurate sample size is approximately: n= 62 20 Data analysis 6 Objective of The project 23 production input resources production quantity 52% 26% 87% Yield percentage The percentage of waste from raw material The percentage of liquid waste compared to water input Management issues Mean score Level of agreement Matters related to growth and creativity in the enterprise. 2.009434 Agree   Matters related to the company’s internal operations. 2.289308   Agree Customer matters. 2.386792 Agree Financial matters. 2.215094 Agree Agreement to implement a waste management system with a small additional cost? 1.603774   Strongly Agree   NO. Hypothesis Status of acceptance or rejection 1 There are no statistically significant differences between the age of the machines in the factory and the percentage of produced solid waste. Reject. 2 There are no statistically significant differences between water consumption in the factory and the presence of the silo. Accept. 3 There are no statistically significant differences between the ratio of the number of automatic machines to the total number of machines in the factory and the percentage of solid waste produced. Accept. 4 There are no statistically significant differences between matters related to the financial aspect and the presence of a silo in the factory. Accept. Conclusion & Recommendation 7 Conclusion: Even though the stone sector is an important and ancient sector, it was concluded that most of factories don’t have certifications such as ISO 9000 and ISO 14000. Also, most of factories don’t care to renew the machines, as most of the machine’s age was more than 10 years. In addition, the largest proportion of factories dispose the solid waste in crushers, and treat the liquid waste by purification plant and silo. While factories who don’t treat the liquid waste, most of them get rid of the liquid waste in random landfill. For sludge, most of factories don’t use it, and dispose it in dedicated landfill. It’s important also to mention that the largest proportion of factories always take the size of the vehicle into account with the quantity transported, but most of them never care about choosing a proper time for transportation. 31 Recommendation All of the factories that we visited don’t have any waste management model, because of that we recommend every factory manager to have one The stone industry depends mainly on electricity, and due to the high price of kilowatt-hours, which increases the burden on factory owners, we recommend the use of renewable energy. The amount of stone waste depends on several factors, the most effective factor is the quality of raw stone. So, attention should be paid to this factor and to choose a raw stone without any cracks As we mention, most of the machine’s age was more than 10 years. These machines have high running cost (electricity consumption and maintenance cost). So, machines should be renewed to decrease the waste and increase profitability. Materials used in the construction of roadbeds. Filler for construction. Landscaping and ornamental applications. Gabion fill for retaining walls. Development of residential driveways. Solid waste Agricultural applications. Cement production. building material and wall painting. Ceramics manufacturing, particularly floor and roof tiles. Sludge Porcelain manufacturing Challenges 01 02 03 Finding the locate of stone factories on the West Bank. There is also difficulty in communicating with the Stone and Marble Association. Large number of stone and marble factories in the West Bank. visiting 53 factories was a burden in terms of effort and cost. many factories refused to fill the questionnaire 04 05 Do you have any question? 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