Carbon dioxide capture from automobile flue gas: Materials and technology potentials Asmaa Khuwaireh  Aseel Mousa  Muna Shubaiteh Supervisor: Prof. Hamdallah Bearat Table of content: Introduction  Reactors Experiment and Result System I:Compressed Air system  System II: Pure CO2 system  Conclusions and Recommendation What is the problem?  How we can solve it? CO2 capture process steps Fig1: CO2 capture process steps We used Sodium hydroxide as binding material to capture CO2 NaoH is a white solid with a melting point of 318°C. Sodium hydroxide crystals absorb water very easily. Solid sodium hydroxide burns the skin. Solid sodium hydroxide reacts easily with CO2 . Fig 2 :Sodium Hydroxide NaOH NaOH & CO2 reactions 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O ∆H = -169.8 kJ/mol CO2 NaOH+ CO2⟶NaHCO3 ∆H = -127.44 kJ/mol CO2 These reactions are very exothermic. 9 Reactor 1 Reactor 2 Reactor 3 Alloy 316L SS 304L SS 316L SS Length 8 inch (203 mm) 10.9 inch (277mm) 14.5 inch (365mm) Diameter 1.9 inch (48.2 mm) 3.5 inch (88.9mm) 1.9 inch (48.2 mm) Thickness 0.24 inch (6.1) 0.18 inch (4.6mm) 0.24 inch (6.1) Weight 3 lb (1.362 kg) 6.5 lb (2.9kg) 5.6 lb (2.5kg) Internal Volume 150 ml 1000ml 300ml Pressure Rating 5000 psi (344 bar) 1800 psi (124 bar) 5000 psi (344 bar) Table 1:Group reactors and their specifications Reactors Fig3 : Bearat’s Group reactors Fig 4:The reactor used in GP2 Fig 5:The pipe wrench Fig6 : Cylinder used . Experiment and Result In our experiments we used two systems : System I: For reaction between NaOH with Air. System II: For reaction between NaOH with pure CO2. System I:Compressed Air system Plastic container. Compressed air source. Fig7:Compressed Air Source Fig8 :Sample Container Fig9 : NaOH before reaction with air. Fig:10 NaOH after reaction with air. Result of air: Table 2: readings of changed the weight of NaOH with time. Fig11 : Relation between ∆m\m and time. . Y-Values 5 10 15 30 60 120 180 2.300000000000001E-2 2.5000000000000046E-2 0.127 0.16600000000000026 0.31700000000000106 0.36700000000000038 0.41800000000000032 Time(min) ∆m\m1 Drying of NaOH after reaction with air : Table3 :changed the weight of NaOH after drying NaOH+CO2 NaHCO3 %reacted of NaOH Amount of reacted NaOH Time (min) ∆m (NaOH)(g) m2(NaOH) (g) m1(NaOH) (g) Exp. num 2.12 0.127 5 0.14 6.14 6.0 1 2.26 0.136 10 0.15 6.15 6.0 2 12.59 0.763 15 0.84 6.59 6.06 3 15.09 0.918 30 1.01 7.09 6.08 4 28.78 1.727 60 1.9 7.90 6.0 5 33.33 2 120 2.2 8.2 6.0 6 38.02 2.281 180 2.51 8.51 6.0 7 Table 4: readings of changed the amount reacted of NaOH with time. Fig12 : Relation between and amount of reacted NaOH with time.. Amount of reacted NaOH 5 10 15 30 60 120 180 0.127 0.13600000000000001 0.76300000000000145 0.91800000000000004 1.7269999999999972 2 2.2810000000000001 Time(min) Amount of reacted NaOH. Amount of CO2 in 1m3 air : By assume this data In our planet the percentage CO2 of air is 0.0409% The total pressure is 1.013 atm Assume the room temp is 22C In volume = 1m3 = 1000L by some calculations get   In1m3 of air there is 0.77g of CO2 Amount reacted of CO2 Amount reacted of NaOH Time(min) Exp. num 0.1397 0.127 5 1 0.1496 0.136 10 2 0.8393 0.763 15 3 1.0098 0.918 30 4 1.8997 1.727 60 5 2.2 2 120 6 2.5091 2.281 180 7 Table 5: readings of changed the amount reacted of NaOH and the amount of reacted CO2. System II: Pure CO2 system Fig 13 :System II Fig14 : NaOH before reaction Fig 15 : NaOH after reaction Time (min) (gm) m2 (NaOH) gm m1 (NaOH) gm Flow Rate (L/min) EXP. NUM 60 0.24 7.97 40.91 32.94 5 1 60 0.25 8.74 43.22 34.48 10 2 60 0.34 11.8 46.26 34.46 15 3 60 0.44 13.28 43.65 30.37 20 4 60 0.35 12.7 49.61 36.91 25 5 One Hour: Table6: The relation between and Flow Rate : Fig 16 : The relation between and Flow Rate : قيم ص 5 10 15 20 25 0.24000000000000021 0.25 0.34 0.44 0.35000000000000031 flow rate (L/min) m/m1 (gm) Temperature of the reaction: Fig 17: Thermocouple. Fig 18 : The relation between time and temperature at flow rate =5 L/min قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 24 25 44 57 61 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 24 25 44 57 61 Time (min) Temp (C) At flow rate =10 L/min At flow rate =15 L/min At flow rate =20 L/min At flow rate =25 L/min قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 25 28 36 66 63 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 25 28 36 66 63 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 25 28 36 66 63 Time (min) Temp (C) قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 21 25 28 33 55 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 21 25 28 33 55 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 21 25 28 33 55 Time (min) Temp (C) قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 23 25 26 39 85 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 23 25 26 39 85 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 23 25 26 39 85 Time (min) Temp (C) قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 23 31 44 94 68 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 23 31 44 94 68 قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 23 31 44 94 68 Time (min) Temp (C) NaOH+CO2 NaHCO3 %of reacted NaOH Amount of reacted NaOH (gm) m2 (NaOH)gm m1 (NaOH)gm Flow rate (lit/min) Exp. Num 21.99% 7.24 7.97 40.91 32.94 5 1 23.04% 7.94 8.74 43.22 34.48 10 2 29.4% 10.72 11.8 46.26 34.46 15 3 39.7% 12.07 13.28 43.65 30.37 20 4 31.12% 11.54 12.70 49.61 36.91 25 5 The amount of reacted NaOH and it's percentage: Table7 Chemical Reaction: Fig19 : The relation between flow rate and Amount of reacted NaOH. قيم ص 5 10 15 20 25 7.24 7.94 10.72 12.07 11.54 flow rate L/min Amount of reacted NaOH(gm) One and half hour: Time (min) (gm) m2 (NaOH)gm m1 (NaOH)gm Flow rate (lit/min) Exp. Num 90 0.21 7.90 44.75 36.85 5 1 90 0.25 9.28 46.20 36.92 10 2 90 0.28 10.34 47.18 36.84 15 3 90 0.33 12.17 48.96 36.79 20 4 90 0.32 11.73 48.64 36.91 25 5 90 0.31 11.53 48.43 36.90 30 6 Table8: The relation between and Flow Rate : Fig 20 : The relation between and Flow Rate قيم ص 5 10 15 20 25 30 0.21000000000000021 0.25 0.28000000000000008 0.33000000000000201 0.32000000000000173 0.31000000000000155 flow rate (L/min) m/m1 Temperature of the reaction: Fig 21: Thermocouple. Fig 22 : The relation between time and temperature at flow rate =5 L/min قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 24 25 44 57 125 105 84 Time(min) Temp (c) At flow rate =10 L/min At flow rate =15 L/min At flow rate =20 L/min At flow rate =25L/min قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 25 28 39 66 110 91 71 Time(min) Temp (c) قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 21 22 23 24 26 126 84 Time(min) Temp (c) قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 23 25 26 66 85 125 60 Time(min) Temp (c) قيم ص 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 23 31 121 94 67 59 50 Time(min) Temp (c) 2NaOH+CO2 Na2CO3+H2O %of reacted NaOH Amount of reacted NaOH (gm) m2 (NaOH)gm m1 (NaOH)gm Flow rate (lit/min) Exp. Num 65.9% 24.30 7.90 44.75 36.85 5 1 77.33% 28.55 9.28 46.20 36.92 10 2 86.45% 31.82 10.34 47.18 36.84 15 3 97.8% 36.19 12.17 48.96 36.79 20 4 97.0% 35.69 11.73 48.64 36.91 25 5 95.2% 35.16 11.53 48.43 36.90 30 6 Table 9: The amount of reacted NaOH and it's percentage Chemical Reaction: Fig 22: The relation between flow rate and Amount of reacted NaOH 42 قيم ص 5 10 15 20 25 30 24.3 28.55 31.82 36.190000000000012 35.690000000000012 35.160000000000011 flow rate (L/min) Amount of reacted NaOH(gm) Table 10: Comparison between hour , half and hour of the percentage of reacted NaOH & CO2 Comparison between hour and half and hour : %of reacted co2 %of reacted co2 Flow rate (lit/min) %of reacted NaOH %of reacted NaOH 21.99% 32.95% 5 21.99% 65.90% 23.04% 38.67% 10 23.04% 77.33% 29.40% 43.23% 15 29.40% 86.45% 39.70% 48.90% 20 39.70% 97.80% 31.12% 48.50% 25 31.12% 97.00% 1 H 1.5 H 1.5 H 1 H Fig23: Comparison between hour , half and hour of the percentage of reacted CO2 One hour 5 10 15 20 25 0.21990000000000023 0.23039999999999999 0.29400000000000026 0.39700000000000041 0.31120000000000025 one half hour 5 10 15 20 25 0.3295000000000004 0.38665000000000033 0.43225000000000002 0.48900000000000032 0.48500000000000032 Conclusions and Recommendation Co2 capture process Co2 flow rate Time Problems  A nitrogen (N2) cylinder was installed in the lab instead of CO2. This caused us a lot of delay because of wasted experiments.  Problems in the balance: readings were sometimes very wrong.  Knowing the flow rate of the air from the lineof laboratory and possibility to vary it.  The lack of vise to assemble and disassemble the reactor in the laboratory. To help improve the research we started, some points must be recommended: ● Making a tool suitable for cars exhaust that contains NaOH to capture CO2 gas into stable and environmentally friendly products. ● Searching for materials that are cheaper than sodium hydroxide and with the same efficiency. ● Studying the temperature and the pressure in the reaction of sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide and compare them with the conditions of the car. ● Studying more about the resulting material from the reaction of sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide and how will the recovered CO2 be used in other applications. image2.jpeg image3.jpeg image4.jpeg image5.jpeg image6.jpeg image7.png image8.jpeg image9.jpeg image10.jpeg image11.png image12.jpeg image13.png image14.jpeg image15.jpeg image16.gif image17.jpeg image18.png image19.png image20.jpeg image21.jpeg image22.png image23.png image24.png image25.png image26.jpeg image27.jpeg image28.png image29.png image30.jpeg image31.png image32.png image33.jpeg image34.png image36.jpeg image37.png /docProps/thumbnail.jpeg