1967 - 2005 . . - . 2008 1967 - 2005 : 2/4/2008 . 1 . . / ......................... 2 . . / ......................... 3 . / ......................... 4 . / .......................... .......... ......... ........ / : . . : " 1967 2005" . Declaration The work provided in this thesis, unless otherwise referenced, is the researcher's own work, and has not been submitted elsewhere for any other degree or qualification. : Student's name: : Signuter: : Date: 1 : : 7 1 9 2 12 3 13 4 16 5 22 : 25 1- 25 2 30 3 33 : : 37 1 37 - 41 - 43 2 46 3 48 5 51 6 54 : 56 1 56 2 58 3 60 4 61 5 62 6 63 7 64 : 66 1 1967 1977 66 2 1977 1993 68 3 1993 2005 70 : : 1967 2005 73 : 74 : )( 93 : 100 : 103 : 105 - 107 - 112 : : 114 1 114 2 117 3 118 4 118 5 119 6 120 : 121 : 124 : 126 : 130 : 133 : 135 : 137 : : 140 1 141 2 142 3 143 4 144 5 144 6 145 7 145 : 147 : 159 165 167 183 Abstract b 1 16 2 31 3 32 4 52 5 111 6 153 7 154 8 155 )1 (1967 184 )2 ( 185 )3 ( 186 )4 ( 187 )5 ( 188 )6 ( 189 )7 (2005 190 )8 ( 191 )9 ( 192 )10 ( 193 )11 ( 194 : . . . . . No Number Ibid P paper 1967 _ 2005 . . . . . . 2005 50 % . . 2911 . . .. . . 1 . . . 1- : . : 19671998 2 1949 1967 1998 . : : . : . : . : . : . 2- : . . 3 19672005 . : . . . . 4 . 3- : : . : . ) ( . : : . : 5 : : . : : : . . . :: . . 6 : 1 2 3 4 5 : 1- 2 3 7 :(1) 29.30 33.1534.15 35.40 34.15 29.30 - 32 (2). (3) (4) . 1837 (5)(6). (1) : . :41988163. (2):) .( ) .( ) .( ) .(. (3) : . :1 1993117 . (4) : 67 2414390 . : .43-44. (5) : .161. (6) :3979 19/11/2006. 8 1948(1) .1967 (2) . 1967 (3) 706 22 700 28(4). )( (5). . (1)15/5/1948. (2) :.1 198415. (3) : . (4) :) (21/1/2007. (5) :15- 37. 9 1- : 392(1) . (2) . ""1.065.000 26,319 400 (3) (4) 360 1300 45 (5). (1) :.1 ) .(192316 . : .1 19559 . : .219864. (2) :23. (3) : .15 . : .8-9 . (4) :1- .2- .3 .4- : .1 198123-24. (5) : .31. 10 23 200 (1). (2). : 1- : 190 (3) . 126 (4) (1) : / 1993 7. (2))346 :().( )( )(57. (3) . :)1878 1948( .1 198643. (4) : .186. 11 1958 (1). 2 :212 64001600 (2) . 3 : 250 209(3) 61(4) . 4 1967 700450 (5) . 6.5 13 9 22.5(6). (1) :31. (2) : .169. (3) :26. (4) : .216. (5) :1967 1998.1 200158. (6) : .192. 12 2- : 4.5 1317 32 26 40 43 48 50 55(1) . 305 153 88(2.) . : 1 : . 2 : . 3 : . (1) :28. (2.) : .26 27 . .1 92 93. 13 (1). 3-: : : : 1 : ) 157 ((2) . 2 : ) 258 ((3) . 3 : ) 157 ( . 4 : )20 ((4). . (1) : .28 29 . : 29. (2) : .163. (3) : .163-64 .: : . 118. (4) : .165-66. 14 (1) (2) (3) 165 2212(4) . 27.5- 3.5 4 212 390 50 200 104 194. 252(5) . (6) . (1) . : .118. (2) : .166. (3)1911 1934 42 . : .153 156. (4) .169 70 . : .41 43. (5)252 :145 " "18 21 194 .: .173 74. (6) . : .21 22 . : .1 77 79. 15 1966650 1200(1) . 1967144 2 5 (2) : : : : 32.5(3) . : 140 87: 1 : (4) 34 46 80 1 1 1 2 (1) : 20011. (2) :21/1/2007. (3)-8. (4) .9. 16 1 8 9 3 1 1 4 5 22 27 5 3 9 12 6 9 1 10 7 53 87 140 34 . 50 10013 (1). : . 4- 1917 (2). (1) .10. (2) :1 198642 43. 17 (1). . 1948 (2) (3).1948 . . (4) (5). (6). (1) :1856 1882 2 199019 20. (2) :71. (3) : .2552. (4) : . 287 288. (5) 2/4/2007. (6) : :) .( ) .( ) .( ) .(197. 18 1952490996.6% 742285(1). 1961662818% 805450(2) . 1948 1967 (3) 206 160 140 238 543 244 448 (4). (5) 1967 . (1) :1948 1974.1 197421. (2) .88. (3)1967)1 (. (4)1961 . .6453 457. (5) .1111. 19 85 70 1967 402500 12500 197020 221975261976 19751180 40001978(1). : :(2): 1 -:1996967. 2 - :1996478 . 3 - :199696. 4- (3). 20052100(4) . :: 1 :4264. (1) .72 . (2) .21/1/2007. (3) : .6. (4). 20 2 :743. 3- :1299. 4 :373. 20056679. :2005: 1 :19783. 2 :872 . 3 :3886. 4 :1128 . 5 :789. 6 :1972 . 7 :937. 8 :6147. 9 74(1). 35588 45. (1) 2007. 21 . 22 5- : 1918 13 : 191910 1920 : . (1) .1922 : (2). (1) .12 13. (2) .171. 23 1945 (1) . (2). 1948 (3)1949 (4) 1950 . : . . (1) :1 2 3 4 5 6 . .614. (2) .31 32. (3) :1948 1949 201949 . .237 242. (4) .141. 24 1967 2 " "(1) . (2). 1981 947" " "" (3) . 1993 (4) . (1) :1 1982109. (2) : .6. (3): .28 31. (4)6 2006228. 25 : 1- 1967 . )( . 1948 (1) . )( 8 1967(2). (3). : (1) :1 199027. (2) :.1 ).(300. (3) :.1 198836. 26 :1967 1970 . 191967 (1) : 1-. 2-. 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 .(2) . .21 1968 1 :5 .2190 . (1) : :8/4/2007. (2) 27 . (1) "" (2) . 5840 141800(3). (4) (5) (6). (1)2890 61108172039 922410040-69 . (2) : . 273 277. (3) : .324. (4) : .3. (5) : .36. (6) :2/4/2007. 28 : 1970 1993 19701971 (1) . (2)" 1970"(3) . 1971 (4) . 1970 (5). (1) : .235 237. (2) :19231934 . :81 1984 7249. (3) : .35. (4) : .3/4/2007. (5) : .287 288. 29 :1994 2000 1993 1967 . 1994 : (1). :2000 2005 (2) . (3). (1) :.1 2002130. (2) : 1999 2006. (3) :1 2000148 149. 30 (1). 2-: . (2). 70 1 35 1967 . . . (1) .60. (2) : .1 . 31 19837000 (3). 48 50(1) (2). (3) 2 :1980(4) 21.6 32.4 7.5 49.8 12.8 72.1 8.1 50.1 1.4 62.9 (3) :38 39. (1) - .3. (2) .36. (3)- .2. (4) :92. 32 .15% 13 % 1981. 3 :1981(1) / 1174 2935 2500 1072 3216 3000 306 918 3000 270 945 3000 288 576 3500 400 1600 2000 122 488 4000 191 573 4000 141 423 3000 100 200 2000 20 80 4000 4084 : - . -200 400 . - . -. (1) 94. 33 -. 1 . (1) 93 % 3200 36002500 300 100 70(2). 3- : 1000 3 1503 1948 1967 (6). (1) :93 94. (2) :95. (6) :1 ) . (101. 34 (1) 1610 16503(2) 6003 (3). . 1948 (4). 3303 1967 (5). (1) .. (2) :.1 19807. (3) : .77. (4) : :47 50. (5) :21 /1 /2007. 35 1967 1998 92032503 (1) . . : 1929 (2). 1967 . (1) : .110. (2) :1920 1948.1 - 199943 44. 36 : 1 - - 2 3 4 5 6 : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 : 1 1967 1977 2 1977 1993 3 1993 2005 37 : 1- : . (1). (2) (3). (1) :.1 20057. (2) : 1897 . : 1967 1993.1 200134 35. (3):1948 1967.1 198382. 38 . " "(1) . " . .. "(2)" "(3) " "(4) . " "(5). (1)) : .( ) . :(15/18. (2) .26/3. (3) .28/12. (4) .12/4. (5) .1/10. 39 . "" (1). (2) " "(3) (4) 1967 " " : " (1) : .93 104. (2) ) :1886 1973 (1906 1948 . :.2 198337. (3) :6.1 ) .( 11. (4)) :1915 1981( 1948 . : 1963 1983.1 1983. 40 "(1) . : 1- "" )( . 2- (2) . 3- . (1) :)(.2 1996190-191. (2) : . 41 4- . 5- . 6- . -: " ... "(1) . (1) :6 /21. 42 (1) (2). " "(3). " "(4). (5) (1) :1974 . (2) : .6 56. (3) :6/26 27. (4) :4/21. (5). 43 (1) . : 1- . 2- . 3- . 4- . 5- . -: (1) 1. 44 (1). : - : (2) . - :1968 (3)" "(4). (5). - :" "(6). - : " (1) : .2. (2) : .26. (3) :1 1993103. (4) : .115. (5) : .104. (6) : .115. 45 "(1)(2) (3) . - : (4) (5) . : 1 . 2- . 3- . (1) : 4 /21. (2) : .61. (3) :.1 1984243. (4) : .43. (5) : . 115. 46 2- : 1967 : " "(1). (2) (3). 1967-1973 12(4). 24 36 (1) : .83. (2) : .287. (3) .324. (4) : .259. 47 (1) (2) . 1967 -(3) -(4) (5). (1):1 1987134. (2) : )(8. (3) :)1895 1969 (1913 1936 1939 . : .11989165. (4) : 1948 . : .1 1981240. (5) : .30-31. 48 (1). (2). . . 3- : (3). 1967 (1) : 11/2/2007. (2) :1575 8/6/2006 7/2/20072. org.alhewar.www (3) : .65. 49 50 (1) (2) . (3). 1967 20056410(4) 45 1967 12.5% 2005(5). (6). (1) :21/1/2007. (2) : .3 4. (3) .259. (4)2006 :9. (5) :620203. (6) :.1 200333. 50 4- : (1). 1(2). . 1967 (3). (1) .75. (2) A..R .I .J :. Natural Resources in the Jordan Valley Constrand Potentials . Jerusalem . P10 . (3) :44 46. 51 (1). (2) (3) . 1977 (4). 5-: 1967 (5). . (1)2/4/2007. (2) :1967 1980.1 198132. (3) .: .5 14. (4) .32. (5) : .70. 52 (1). (2)1982 53 1998 : 2(3) 1.3 0/0 10.758 3 0/0 25.412 2.7 0/0 23.000 47.1 0/0 400.000 . 46% . (1) :.1 1991. (2) :117: .2 199921. (3) : .4. 53 "" (1). (2). (3) . (1) :121 123. (2) Foundation of Middle east Peace : Report Israeli Sattlement , Volume November , No 4 , Jerusalem , 1997 , p 10- 17 . (3) :8. 54 (1) . 6- : (2). (3). (1)668 69. (2) : .50. (3) : .239. 55 )((1). (2) (3) " " . (1) .153. (2) :28. (3) : .44. 56 : (1): 1 : : : : . : (1) : .62. 57 (1). 1967 1968 : 1 . 2 15 25 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 (2). (3). 1968: " (1) :.1 19874-5. (2) :3. (3) :2. 58 "(1) . . . 2 : 1977 9/9/1977 : 1 . 2 . 3-(2) . (1) : .168. (2) :241. 59 (1). 1979 : 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 3 20. 5 . 6 . (2). : 1 5 1015 20. 2 : .. (1) :3. (2) :242. 60 .)5 (. .)45 (. .. .35. -(1). 42% (2). 3 : 1981 1977-1981 1983 1987 . (1) :4. (2) .3. 61 . ) ( ) ( (1) ) ( . 4 : 1974 ) ( )( " " 1976 (2). (1) :10. (2) :.1- 198421. 62 : 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . (1). 1977 198139 (2). 5 (3) : 19781980 1981 (1) :246. (2)9. (3). 63 (1) (2). )((3). (4). 6 : 1994 : 1 . 2 . 3 . (1) : .139. (2) :4. (3) :646. (4) .8. 64 11% . 5 8 )( (1). . 7 : (2) . . 20042005 (3) (1) :5. (2) : 2000 . .: :.. (3). 65 602004 58 200532 3200 (1) . . . (1) : .3. 66 : : 1- 1967 1977: " " (1) . (2). (1) : .34 35. (2) : .84. 67 : 1 1967. 2 . 3 . 4 (1). (2). : 1 . 2 . 3 . 25002 40%(3). 21 137(1) (1) .24 25. (2) : .30 31. (3) : .32. 68 .1977 200030 (2). 2 1977 1992: 1977 . (3). (4) (5). 1977 1984 (1) :)( . .18. (2) : .32. (3) : .88. (4) )1913 1992 :(1942 1977 1983 . : .7246 247. (5) :11. 69 (1). 1984 (2) 19851987(3) . (4). 1988 " ... ... "(6). (1) : .48. (2) : .88. (3) :318. (4) .165 166. (6) :.1 1989145 .: .154. 70 . 1988 1993 1987 (1). 3 1993 2005: 1993 (2). 1997 )( (1) . 304. (2) :21. 71 (1). 1998 1999 (2) (3). 2005490 200(4). " " . (1) : .233 235. (2) :19421959 1999. (3): .89. (4) 25122 26/7/2005. 72 :1967 2005. : :) ( :. : : - -: 73 : 1967 2005: 28/2/1968 . : 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . 8 . 74 9 (1). 10 : 80(2). (3) :. :: 1 : 26/2/1968 1969 15 (1) :256 257. (2) Friedman,lara :Settlements in Focus Eastern Strip of the West Bank - September 2005 www.peacenow.org.il/site/en/peace.asp? 7/2/2007 (3) 5. http://www.peacenow.org.il/site/en/peace.asp? 75 7(1) (2)1998265 2005 362 (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) (8)(9). 2 : 2002 (1) :1967-1977.1 197885 : .99 . : . 103. (2) : .228. )3( :1996 20052006 . org.btselem.www3/3/20073 . (4) : . : .17. (5) :1922 1956 . : .19. (6) : .85. (7) : .99. (8) : 1978 . (9) : .104. 76 (1) . (2) (3). 3 ) ) (:( 1979 (4)(5) . (6) 621. )1( : ..org.attareek.www 9/2/2007. (2) :5/1/2007. (3) peacenow Outpost Name, www.peacenow.org.il 5/2/2007. (4) : . : .17. (5) : . : .17. (6) : .104. http://www.peacenow.org.il 77 (1)1998) 330 ( 2005)516 ((2) (3). 4 : 20/10/198412/11/1984 50 200 (4) 2003) 24 ( 152005(5) (6). (1) : .228. (2) : .2. (3) .105. (4) : .227. (5) :10/3/2007 . www.rotem-yahad.org (6) :1927 1981 . : .16. http://www.rotem-yahad.org 78 5 ):( 25/7/1983 15/10/1984(1) )90(44 30 40(2). 6 : 198215 (3) (4) 50 1998) 100 ( (5). 2005 (6). (1) .50. (2) : .227. (3) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid . (4). (5) : .227. (6) peacenow Outpost Name, Ibid. 79 7 : 2/10/1979 198715 (1)142 1998) 60 ((2)2005 )140 ((3)(4). 8 : 1975 75 (5). 9 ):( 19761978 800(6)1991 4000 (7) (1) : .67. (2) : .226. (3) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid (4) : .67. (5) : .226. (6) : .85 . : .44. (7) :7/4/1975 . 80 1991) 120 ((1) 2000 )144 (2005)117 ((2) (3) (4). 10 : 28/6/1972 (5) 500 6600 1991) 135 ((6)2005)156 ((7) (8) (9). (1) : .45. (2) : .2. (3) :1944 . : .17. (4) : .45. (5) : .86. (6) : .44. (7) : .1. (8) : .17 18. (9) : .44. 81 11 : 20/11/19681971 (1) 26/7/1968 (2) 8600 (3) 40 . (4)1991) 130 ((5) 2005 )166((6) . (1) : . .263. (2) : .90. (3) :1901 1918 . : 1948 1965.1 ). ( ). ( 196556. (4) : .3 4. (5) : .25. (6) : .1. 82 12 : 24/11/1969 (1) 1974 (2) 5000 (3)2000 1996) 132 ((4) 2005 )136((5) . 13 : 1977 (6) (7). (1) : .90. (2) :1936 1961 . : .18. (3) : .85. (4) : .112. (5) : .3. (6) :59. (7)7/10/2007. 83 14 ):( 1977)( 500 197920 (1) 1967 19803000 1991) 80 ((2) 2005) 99 ((3) . 15 : 7/12/1970 (4)3000 .1975 (5) (1) : .110-111. (2) : .43 44. (3) : .4. (4) : .87. (5) : .16. 84 19914000 )250 ((1) 2005)215( (2). 16 : 1975 33000(3). 1978. 1979 (4) 1996) 263 (2005)281 ((5). 17 : 15/10/1970 13 4000. (6).1991 )130 (2005)164 ((7) . (1) : .43. (2) : .1. (3) : .27 . : .57. (4) : .27. (5) : .2. (6) : .60. (7) : .2. 85 (1)(2) 1973(3). 18 : 1975(4)1976 (5) 1000(6)1991 36000 1991) 120 ( 60(7)2005 )127 ((8)(9). 19 ):( 22/12/1970(10)1977 10 20 (1) : .61. (2) .224. (3) : .61. (4) .118. (5) : .88 . : .102. (6) : .224. (7) : .118. (8) : .4. (9) : .102. (10) : .88 . : .103 . : .120. 86 1977 (1). 8 (2)1991) 55 ((3) 2005 )49 ((4)(5). 20 ) :( 19702700 (6) 1967 1976(7). 1983 26/5/1985(8) (1) : .120. (2) : .103. (3) : .120. (4) : .4. (5) : .120. (6) : .88 . : .111 . : .123. (7) : .111. (8) : .123. 87 6(1) 1996) 78 (2005)156 ( (2). 21 : 2005 350 . (3). 22 ):( 15/1/1975 (4) 1985 . )((5) 20(6)1996 )131 (2005)130 ((7). (1) : .111. (2) : .4. (3) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid . (4) : .119. (5) : .103 104. (6) : .119. (7) : .4. 88 23 : 9/3/1982 5/10/1983 1987(1) 2003) 753 ( 50(2) . 24 : 1999 (3)2002 21(4)200520 30 (5). (1) : .28. (2) : 20/5/200418/3/2007 .uk.asharqalardi.www (3) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid . )4( 15/ 3/2007 . communities , il.org.jordanvalley.www (5) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid . . 89 25-: 1982 (1) (2). 26 : 31/3/1980 4(3) 5000 (4). 1991) 150 ((5) 2005) 156 ((6). 27 ) :( 5/4/1981 13/3/1984 5800 (1) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid (2) . (3) : .61 . : .88. (4) : .61. (5) : .88. (6) : .3. 90 (1) (2) (3). 28 : 2/7/1980 14/11/1984 1948 (4) (5)1991) 30 ((6) 2005 )83 ((7) . 29 ) :( 1/2/1968- - (8).8/5/19741977 (1) : .102. (2) peacenow Outpost Name , Ibid . (3) 1/2/2007 . (4) : .45. (5) : .22. (6) : .45. (7) : .4. (8) : .89 . : .10 . : .29. 91 (1)5000 ) ( (2) (3)1991 )100 ((4) 2005)159 ((5) . 30 ):( 1977 1978(6)1500 2000 )7((7) 1991) 250 ((8)2005 )271 ((9)(10). (1) : .10 . : .29 . (2) : .30. (3) : .10. (4) : .30. (5) : .1. (6) : . 63 . : .98. (7) : .65. (8) : .98. (9) : .3. (10) : .98. 92 : 1- 1967 . 2- )( . 3- . 4- . 5- . . 6- . 7- 93 . : )(: : 1 : 15/1/1976 (1) 19/7/1979 (2) (3). 2 ):( 4/5/197110 (1) : .81 . : .97. (2) : .97. (3) . 94 600(1) 1991) 180 ((2) 2005(3) (4). 3 ) :( 28/12/19721976 4800 20 (5) (6) 1996) 105 (2005)120 ((7) (8). (1) : .86 . : .31 . : .64. (2) : .64. (3) : .2. (4) : .64. (5) : .101 . : . 113. (6) : .113. (7) : .3. (8) : .113. 95 4 ):( 24/8/1972(1) 1975 10 3001968 1972 580 19791200 (2) . (3) 1991) 120 ((4)2005 )191 ((5)(6) (7). 5 : 1/8/198314/5/1984 11/12/19852 9 (8)11656 241 (1) : .80 .: .58. (2) : .58. (3) : .80. (4) : .58. (5) : .2. (6) .2. (7) : .58. (8) .111. 96 1996 )118 ((1) 2005)150( (2) (3). 6 : 19701975 19785/1/1981 13(4) )((5) 5000197819891300 . (6) 1980 )500 (. (1) : .223. (2) : .3. (3) : .111. (4) .113. (5) : .87. (6) : .93. 97 1991400 (1)2005) 1423 ((2). 7 : 1975 100 1977 1000 4000 5000. (3) 1996 )696( 2005 )1449((4). 8 : 8/2/1977 (5)300 1980800 (1) : .113. (2) : .3. (3) : .77. (4) : .4. (5) : .42 . : .74-75. 98 19751980 10(1) 1996 )389(2005)561((2) (3). 9 : 19841990 600 1991 )44( 400(4). 10 : 8/10/1974 . .1977 (5).22 3 (1) : .75. (2) : .2. (3) : .75. (4) .38. (5) : .82 . : .110. 99 (1). 50 (2)1996 )938()1536( 2005(3) (4). : 1- . 2 . 3- . (1) : .110. (2) : .81. (3) : .4. (4) : .111. 100 4- . :: : 1 ) ( 1992 2001772150218 65003% 1.3%34 (1). 2 20/5/1998(2) . (1) ARIJ : The Israeli Security Zones make up 45.25 % of the West Bank Including 158 Israeli Settlements, 18 June 2002 www.arij.org 5/2/2007. (2) : 1997 1998 1998186. http://www.arij.org 101 3 3/9/1998 (1) 9/2/1998(2). 4 1987 25 130 . (3). 5 1/9/1997 (4). 6 15/2/199890 60 (5). 7 (1) .167. (2) .183. (3) :692. (4) 97/98 154. (5) .193. 102 2005 ) ( (1) . 8 24/8/1998 (2). 9 2005 (3). 10 2005 (4) 19 (1) :37375/3/2006. (2) :97/98187. (3) : 359018/10/2005. (4) 1/6/2007. 103 (1) (2). :: 2001 . )( 1441010480 1190(3) 1998(4). : : 10. : 10 . : 8. : 8. (1) 212005) ( 8500 . :1342027/12/2006. (2) :416 2006 .6/2/2007. org.fmep.www (3) : . (4) :97/98187. 104 : 8. : 6(1) . 2004 ) ( 44425 : 1 100. 2 125. 3 125. 4 525 . 5 125. 6 100. 7 50. 8 150. 9 375(2) . 1675. 316 (1) : .235. (2) :12759 27/2/2005. 105 315 1996 318 (1). . :. :: . (1) : .234. 106 : 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 (1) . 2004 . 21/2/2005145 (2). 2/10/2003378 1970 (1) :1225330/9/2003. (2) :416324/6/2005. 107 (1) . (2) . 2004:" (3) "(4) . 88.3% (5). -: (1) 6. (2) : )(- 20054. (3) 7. (4) :5. (5) :2006. 108 : 1 : 90 . 2 : . 3 : . 4 : . 5 . 6 . 7 . 90 . 109 (1) . ).( (2) . (1) 20002005. (2) 12721/2/2006. 110 2001 (1) . - : 8 11/7/2001(2). 2002 (3) . (1) :364110/3/2006 . : 1720036 7. (2) :2001. (3) :20045/3/2007 www.aad-online.org http://www.aad-online.org 111 . . (1) . (2) . . 29.4% 566121664 2 . 5 : (3). 2 2002 2 % 30.8 2 % 34.97 1% 10.48 52% 863.88 (1) 12721/2/2006. (2) :131887/5/2006. (3) :7. 112 43% 721 0.04 % 0.69 0.13 % 2.23 100 % 1664.05 : 1-1% . 2 2% 43% . 3- . 113 : 1 2 3 4 5 6 : : : : : : : 114 : : 1 : (1) (2) 1977 (3). 330 1967. (1) : .309. (2) : .39. (3) :126. 115 : 1 . 2-. 3 . 4- (1) . : 1 (2). 2 6 (3). 3 (4). (1) :21/1/2007. (2) : .19. (3) .11. (4) :125. 116 4 (1). 5 (2). 6 (3). 7 (4). 8 (5). 9 (6). 10 (7). . (1) : .77. (2) : .90. (3) : .16. (4) .103. (5) .10. (6) : .113. (7) : .80. 117 : 1 . 2 . . 2- : (1) 80 100 (2). (1) :.1 ).(26. (2) 2007. 118 3 : (1) . (2). 30 (3). 4 : (1) :126. (2) : .5. (3) : .184. 119 (1) . (2) (3). (4). 5 : . : (1) 2007 . (2) :19481925 . (3) :. 1 /6/2007. (4) .. 1. 120 1- . 2 . 3 . 4 (1). 6- : 12 (2) . (1) 10/7/2007 ) . (. (2) : .255 256. 121 :: (1). ) (2004 500 105 1881(2). 1994582932 38071(3). (1) : 3/3/2007. org.amnesty.www (2) :12643 30/10/2004. (3) Shah , Samara : the by pass road in the West Bank , Alhaq ,Ramallah Palestine , 1997 , p11 . 122 :(1) (2) : 1 90. 2 . : 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 (3). 2 (4). (1) . (2) : 3-4. (3) 8. (4) 1-2. 123 : 1 80 90 . 2-. 3 . 4 . 5 (1) (2). 6 . " " . (1) : . (2) :97/98181. 124 :: 1948 19524980%(1). (2) . 144 1961 2061961102 140 (1) (2) . (1) : .8. (2) : .122. (1) 1. (2) 3721 27/2/2006. 125 (1) . (2) (3). (4) . . (1) : .1254 257. (2) .1100 101. (3) 1997 / 1998 :97/98162 165 182 187. (4) :3737 15/3/2006. 126 : 120012 (1). (2). : 1 (3). 2 : - . . (1) : .287. (2) : 28 1996202 (3) : .22 127 (1) (2). - (3). 3- (4). 4 (5). 5 (6) (1) : .81. (2) : .111. (3) . (4) : .258. (5) 2001 . (6) :1/6/2007 . 128 6- (1). 7 (2) (3). 8 (4) . 9 (5). (1) 2004 319. (2) :10/2/2007. (3) : 97/98181. (4) :3431 8/8/2005 . (5) : .288. 129 (1) . (2). (1) 6/3/2007 org.btselem.www (2) :10/3/2007. 130 : 1967 (1). (2) 1987 4001987 250250 (3). 1996 34.3700 32.244.2(4). (1) : .21. (2) :28 /2/2007. (3) : .6. (4) : .46 47. 131 (1). (2) . (3) . (4) (1) :21/1/2007. (2) :3101 17/10/2003. (3) :97/98182 184. (4) : 7/5/2007. 132 (1) (2) (3) (4). (1) : .80. (2) : .3. (3) :1/7/2007. (4) :10/2/2007. 133 (1). : . "" . (2) : (1) :3017 19/6/2004. (2) :373715/3/2006 . 134 1 1745 (1). 2 )( (2). (3) . 4 (4). (1) :79/98186. (2) :3737 15/3/2006. (3) :15/7/2007. (4) :79/98182. 135 . : (1) . : 1 :1967 . 1967 1967 (1) :.1 199532. 136 (1). 2 : ) ((2). 3 :19995 (3). 4 : (4). 1992 (1) : .300-301. (2) :21 22. (3) : .280. (4) .326. 137 (1). (2) . : . 20032320 (3). (1) : .39. (2) : .153. (3) :16/7/2007. 138 . 139 : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 : 1 1967 1992 2 1993 2005 : 140 : . 50% 40700(1). 59 1967 (2). 1977 "" 1967(3). : (1) : .21/1/2007. (2) :15168. (3) : .252. 141 1 : 5 20 (1). 200 .388 (2)1974 496 .1976 677 (3). 50001972801973 (1) : 19/3/19983. (2) :)( 198539. (3) :3110. 142 20 2001982 (1). 2 : 1967 23/7/1967 58" ) ( 7/6/1967 "(2) ) ((3) . . (1) : .40 42. (2) :11967245 . : .62 63. (3) : .64 . : .278. 143 3 : 11 1967 : 1 321. 2 . 3 291 (1). (2). (1) : .64 65 . : :38. (2) : .280. 144 4 : " ." 31/7/196759 (1). 800(2). 5 : 1967 (3) (4)(5). (1) . :276. (2) : .46. (3) : .281. (4) : .102. (5) : .103. 145 6 : : (1) . 2004 (2). 7 : 61 419 (1) .32. (2) :373715/3/2004. 146 (1) . (2). 40% (3) . (4). . (1) : .119. (2) :11822414 11/8/1985. (3) :4339 22/11/2007. (4) :21/1/2007. 147 : 1 1967 1992 : 1967 (1)1968 (2). 1970 1973 1976 1967 30/3/1976 19481967 1948 (1) :48. (2) :.3 ) . ( 244 246. 148 (1). 1977 1987 (2). 1987 (3). 18/1/1988 21/1/1988 (1) : .162 163. (2) : .291 298. (3) :334 241. 149 (1). 2 1993 2005 : 1993 (2) (3) (4). : 1 : 63 (1) : .304-307. (2) .309. (3) : .147. (4) : .310. 150 (1) . . -- 12/6/2003(2) . 23 (1) 7/11/2007. (2) 8 9 . : 70 2007130 135. PALESTNE TIMES No 16350 - 16 / 1 / 2007 , P 6 . 151 (1). 2003 (2) . (3) . 1967 (1) 119022 119023 1210799 10 11 . : 4. (2) .2/4/2007. (3) 3. 152 (1). 11/8/2002 2002 (2) . : 1 . 2 . 3 . (1) :. (2) : .10/2/2007. 153 4 1948. 2 : 1993 1967 (1) . : : : 6 : / 500 500 175 (1) : 1-3. 154 50 50 140 225 140 40 7 20 160 2.5 60 (1). : 7 : (2) : / 20 1.5 50 (1) : 1-3. (2) 1-2. 155 120 25 50 50 30 45 921995 2005 8 : (1): 71.795.585 1.206.210 1.524.785 689.800 959.000 1.348.050 340.000 2.352.788 1.378.094 3.019.000 92.855.722 . (1) : 1-2. 156 3 : "" " "(1). (2) . 22 2001 (1) :193173 11/7/2001. (2) .. 157 (1) (2). 4 : . (3) : . 2001. . (1) : 127 26/8/2001. (2) :1831 1/7/2001. (3) : 24/6/2002 2005 .55 200358-63. 158 (1). (2). (3) . . . (1) :)( 20071-4. (2) : 2. (3) :24/12/2007. 159 : : : 1996 (1) . 6/6/2004 (1) 25/12/2007. 160 (1) . : 1990 (2). 2002 (1) . 2-5. (2) :15/12/2007. 161 . ) ( (1). (2). 1979 (1) :2/5/2007 . www.stopthewall.org (2) 1/6/2007. 162 . 2001. (1) (2). (3) . -: (1) :11/2/2007. (2) : .318 319. (3) : .322 325. 163 . (1) . 21/5/1998 . . . (1) 13/11/2007. 164 (1) . . (1) :- 21/5/1998. 165 . . . . : 1 . 2 . 166 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . 8 . 9 . 167 : - : * 1 : - :319. - :152. 2 -. 3 . -. -. -. -) (. -. - : . 168 - : . - : . - : . - : . 4 - - : 1997 1998-1998. 5 : - 119022 11923 121079. - . 6- . - :1. - :15. 169 - :31. 7 : - : . - : * 1- -6 2006. --2007. 2 - 2005 . : 1 Foundation of Midale east Peace : Report Israeli Settlement , Volume November , No 4 , Jerusalem , 1997 :: 1 ).( ).(. 2- :)346( ) .( ).( ).(. : 170 -: 1- :-.1 1990. 2- :.1- 1993. 3- : .1 -1984. 4- . :)1878 1948( .1 1986 . 5- :.1 1991 . 6- :1963 1983 .1 1983 . 7- :.1- -1989 . 8- :.2- 1986. 9- :1967 1980.1 1981. 171 10- : .1 2000. 11- :.1 2003. 12- : .4 6 -1988. 13- :.1 ).( . 14- :.1 1980. 15-: 1948 1967.1 1983 . 16- : .1 1955. 17 :.1 1986. 18- :.1 -1989. 19 :1920 1948.1- 1999. 20 :.1 1982. 172 21 :1856 1882 :.2 1990. 22- : 1949 1993.1 2002. 23 :.1 1993. 24- :.1) .( 1923. 25 :.1 1988 . 26- :-1948 1965.1 ) .( ).( 1965 . 27- :1967- 1977.1 1978. 28- :.1 1981. : .1 1984 15 . 173 29- :1967 1993.1 200134 35 . 30- :1967 1998 .1 2001 . 31- :.1 2002. 32 :) .() . ( ) .( ) .(. 33 :.1 ) .(. 34- : .1 ).(. 35 : ) .( ) .( ) .( ) .(. 36 :.1 1987. : .1 1987134. 174 : 6.1 ). (. 37 :.1 2005. 38 :.3 ) .( . 39 :)(.2 1996. 40- : :.1 1981 . 41- : .2 1999. 42- :1948 1974.1 197421. 43- :.2 1983. - : 1 A..R .I .J :. Natural Resources in the Jordan Valley Constrained Potentials . Jerusalem . 175 2 Shah , Samara : the by pass road in the West Bank , Alhaq ,Ramallah Palestine , 1997 . : 1- 2 1984. 2 71 1984. : 1 : 1995. 2 : - 19/3/1998. 3 : 1995. 4 : 21/5/1998. : 1 : 19872000 2004. 176 : 1 : 2005. 2 : )(. 3 : . 4 : 1993. 5- : 2001. 6 2001 2002. 7 : 1985. 177 : - : 1--: 14719/6/2004. 34318/8/2005 . 364110/3/2006. 2 : 310117/10/2003. 341415/3/2004. 359018/10/2005. 373715/3/2006 . 372127/2/2006. 397919/11/2006. 433922/11/2007. 3 - : 1225330/9/2003. 1264330/10/2004. 178 1275927/2/2005. 131887/5/2006. 1342027/12/20061. 4 -: 12721/2/2006. 1- 19317311/7/2001. 2 18311/7/2001 . 2512226/7/2005. 3 . 12726/8/2001. 416324/6/2005. : PALESTNE TIMES , Ramallah No 16350 16 / 1 / 2007 . 179 : 1- : 28 -1996. 2 : 70 2007. 3 : 17 2003. 4 55 2003. : 1- : 11/2/2007. 2 :1/6/2007 3 :5/1/2007. 4 : 12/11/2007. 5 : 15/12/2007 6 :7/5/2007. 7 :16/7/2007. 180 8 :10/2/2007. 9 :24/12/2007. 10 : 25/12/2007 . 11 :8/4/2007. 12 : 21/1/2007. 13 :10/3/2007. 14 ) .(:10/7/2007. 15 : 2/4/2007. 16- :1/7/2007 . 17 : 7/11/2007. : 1 1/2/2007. 2 7/10/2007. 181 : - 1 : 416 20066/2/2007 org.fmep.www 2 :1996 2005 20063/3/2007 org.btselem.www 3-: 20/5/2004 18/3/2007 uk.asharqalarbi.www 3 : .. 9/2/2007org.attareek.www 4- : 1575 8/6/2006 6/2/2007 org.alhewar.www 5 : 3/3/2007 org.amnesty.www 182 6- :2004 5/3/2007 www.aad-online.org : 1 ARIJ: The Israeli Security Zones make up 45.25 % of the West Bank 2002June 18 Israeli Settlements, 158 Including . 5/2/2007 org.arij.www 2 :10/3/2007 org.yahad-rotem.www 2 - Friedman,lara :Settlements in Focus Eastern Strip of the West Bank September 2005 7/2/2007 www.peacenow.org.il -15 /3/2007About us , communities , il.org.jordanvalley.www 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 7 : 191 192 193 185 AN- Najah National University Faculty of Graduate Studies The Zionist Settlement in the Jordan valley 1967 2005 Prepared by Tariq Yousif M.qasem Supervised by Prof. Nizam Izat Abbasi Submitted in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History, Faculty of Graduate Studies, at An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. 2008 b The Zionist settlement in the Jordan valley 1967 2005 By Tariq Yousif M.qasem Supervisor Prof. Nizam Izat Abbasi Abstract The Jordan Valley is considered one of the special areas in Palestine . As the area is below sea level it warm in winter and hot in Summer which makes, it suitable for growing crops which are different from those grown in other parts of Palestine . Besides these crops earlier than other areas. When Israel occupated the West bank , it began to transfer the Palestinians in the Valley as a step to plant colonists instead of the Arab people to join the Valley to the Jewish state. In fact the Jordan Valley isn t the only area where settlement were set up , but it preceded other area . In fact the first settlement was created a few months after occupation . The Israeli parties disagreed about the occupation of the Arab land but they agreed about occupation in the Jordan Valley . All of that was because of the impotence of the Valley for the Zionist project. The Zionist occupation in the Jordan Valley went through many stages, and in 2005 Israel it occupied 50% of the Jordan Valley, moreover it closed the Valley area and the eastern hills . Israel established tow series settlements in the Jordan Valley . c One along the Jordan Valley, and the other along the eastern hills so as to protect each other from any attacks from the east . Settlement sites along the river Jordan up to 29, while on the eastern hills there were around ten. The previous sites were expanded and took up the near by areas , the number of settlement also increased rapidly there . Israel's occupation destroyed large area and most of the aspects of life of the Palestinians . Thy also confiscated land as well as water resources. the Palestinians movement was restricted while that of the settlers were free. For the benefit of the settlers , occupation constructed alternative roads and put check points that changed the Palestinian land separate units. However , the Palestinians stood firm in the face of occupation in the Jordan Valley . Even though the support to the Palestinians provided by public and government institution was not enough , it contributed much to defending the Palestinian territories . 2 This document was created with Win2PDF available at http://www.win2pdf.com. The unregistered version of Win2PDF is for evaluation or non-commercial use only. This page will not be added after purchasing Win2PDF. http://www.win2pdf.com