Occupational Stress Facing Bank Employees in the West Bank of Palestine

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Date
1999
Authors
امجد عبد الحميد محمد أبو نبعة
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This study aimed finding out the extent of occupational stress facing bank employees in the West Bank in the light of sex, age, years of banking experience, academic level, marital status, monthly salary and place of work. To achieve the goal of the study, the researcher used a 72- item questionnaire to measure the occupational stresses facing bank employees in the West Bank. He administered the questionnaire to a random sample of employees. Of these, 316 were males and 215 were females. The researcher selected 30% of the target population. The study data were analyzed by using descriptor statistics as well as the ore Way Analysis of Variance. Findings: The general average of occupational stress, among the subjects of the study, showed that the bank employees had faced above average occupational stress. The average of occupational stress, in this questionnaire, was 3.65 points out of maximum five points. That is to say it was 73%. The sources of occupational stresses, facing bank employees (90%) and higher) were mostly related to pressures resulting from salary promotion incentives, professional progress and the individual himself. This was in addition to type of work. However, some] 0% of bank employees and lower had a low degree of sources of occupational stresses. They were mostly related to their relationship with colleagues, superiors and clients as well as conflict of turns. The average weights of the eleven occupational stress domains showed that the bank employees were suffering from occupation stresses more than other stresses and these were as follows Salary promotional incentives, development and professional progress, type of work organizational structure, size of work, job security, role ambiguity colleagues, bosses and client. By using F- Test ANOV A has revealed the following results 1- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) level. That is to say, the male employees had suffered from occupational stresses less than female employees. The average of responses to the questionnaire reached 7.73 as opposed to x = 3.57. 2- There were statistically significant different at (α= 0.05) level in occupational stresses according to age groups variable. The first and second age groups, less than 25 years old and 25-30 years old respectively faced a high degree of occupational stresses compared with the third age groups (31-40 years old). The average responses to questionnaire was x = 3.85 and x 3.73 as opposed to x = 3.08. 3- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) level in the occupational stresses depending on educational level variable. That is, the B.A holders degree of suffering. from occupational stresses, was higher than the high school and community college diploma holder's suffering .. The average responses to questionnaire was x = 3.75 as opposed to x = 2,95 and x3.51. 4- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) level in occupational stresses according to years of experience variable. The first and the second groups 2-5 and 6-10 years, suffered from a higher degree of occupational stresses compared with the third and forth groups: 11-] 5 years and] 6 years and more respectively. 5- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) in occupational stresses, between married and signal employees. That is the dingle employee's degree of suffering, from occupational stresses. Was higher than the married employees. The average of their responses to questionnaire was x = 3.72 as opposed to x = 3.59. 6- There were statistically significant differences (α= 0.05) is occupational stresses depending on the monthly income. The first group (which received less than 300 Jordanian dinars) had a higher degree of suffering from occupational stresses, compared with the fifth group (which received 601 Jordanian dinars and more). The average of their responses to questionnaire was x = 3.65 as opposed to x = 2.97. The second group (401-500 Jordanian dinars) had a higher degree of suffering, from occupational stresses, compared with the groups (2.72) and the fourth group (50i-600) and the fifth group (601 diners and more ). The average of their response to the questionnaire was x = 3.79 as opposed to x = 2.97. 7- There were statistically significant differences (α= 0.05) level in occupational stresses according to place of work variable .Bethlehem, Ramallah, Tulkarm and Nabluse bank employee's degree of suffering, from occupational stresses, was higher than the degree of suffering among Heron bank employees. The average of their responses to the questionnaire was x = 3.86, x= 3.76, x= 3.86, and x= 3.62 as opposed to x=3.19. In the light of these finding, the researcher recommends that the senior bank management work to reduce the severe stress resulting from the too much emphasis on importance of accuracy as well as the risk of working in banks. This should be done by holding training serious for employees in order to raise their levels of performance to reach a high effetely in their profession. Furthermore, the bank management’s having to raise employees, salaries from time to time in order to match the cost of living. In so doing the employees will feel that they are psychological secure and they have job security. This will motivate them to give the best of what they can accomplish.
This study aimed finding out the extent of occupational stress facing bank employees in the West Bank in the light of sex, age, years of banking experience, academic level, marital status, monthly salary and place of work. To achieve the goal of the study, the researcher used a 72- item questionnaire to measure the occupational stresses facing bank employees in the West Bank. He administered the questionnaire to a random sample of employees. Of these, 316 were males and 215 were females. The researcher selected 30% of the target population. The study data were analyzed by using descriptor statistics as well as the ore Way Analysis of Variance. Findings: The general average of occupational stress, among the subjects of the study, showed that the bank employees had faced above average occupational stress. The average of occupational stress, in this questionnaire, was 3.65 points out of maximum five points. That is to say it was 73%. The sources of occupational stresses, facing bank employees (90%) and higher) were mostly related to pressures resulting from salary promotion incentives, professional progress and the individual himself. This was in addition to type of work. However, some] 0% of bank employees and lower had a low degree of sources of occupational stresses. They were mostly related to their relationship with colleagues, superiors and clients as well as conflict of turns. The average weights of the eleven occupational stress domains showed that the bank employees were suffering from occupation stresses more than other stresses and these were as follows Salary promotional incentives, development and professional progress, type of work organizational structure, size of work, job security, role ambiguity colleagues, bosses and client. By using F- Test ANOV A has revealed the following results 1- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) level. That is to say, the male employees had suffered from occupational stresses less than female employees. The average of responses to the questionnaire reached 7.73 as opposed to x = 3.57. 2- There were statistically significant different at (α= 0.05) level in occupational stresses according to age groups variable. The first and second age groups, less than 25 years old and 25-30 years old respectively faced a high degree of occupational stresses compared with the third age groups (31-40 years old). The average responses to questionnaire was x = 3.85 and x 3.73 as opposed to x = 3.08. 3- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) level in the occupational stresses depending on educational level variable. That is, the B.A holders degree of suffering. from occupational stresses, was higher than the high school and community college diploma holder's suffering .. The average responses to questionnaire was x = 3.75 as opposed to x = 2,95 and x3.51. 4- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) level in occupational stresses according to years of experience variable. The first and the second groups 2-5 and 6-10 years, suffered from a higher degree of occupational stresses compared with the third and forth groups: 11-] 5 years and] 6 years and more respectively. 5- There were statistically significant differences at (α= 0.05) in occupational stresses, between married and signal employees. That is the dingle employee's degree of suffering, from occupational stresses. Was higher than the married employees. The average of their responses to questionnaire was x = 3.72 as opposed to x = 3.59. 6- There were statistically significant differences (α= 0.05) is occupational stresses depending on the monthly income. The first group (which received less than 300 Jordanian dinars) had a higher degree of suffering from occupational stresses, compared with the fifth group (which received 601 Jordanian dinars and more). The average of their responses to questionnaire was x = 3.65 as opposed to x = 2.97. The second group (401-500 Jordanian dinars) had a higher degree of suffering, from occupational stresses, compared with the groups (2.72) and the fourth group (50i-600) and the fifth group (601 diners and more ). The average of their response to the questionnaire was x = 3.79 as opposed to x = 2.97. 7- There were statistically significant differences (α= 0.05) level in occupational stresses according to place of work variable .Bethlehem, Ramallah, Tulkarm and Nabluse bank employee's degree of suffering, from occupational stresses, was higher than the degree of suffering among Heron bank employees. The average of their responses to the questionnaire was x = 3.86, x= 3.76, x= 3.86, and x= 3.62 as opposed to x=3.19. In the light of these finding, the researcher recommends that the senior bank management work to reduce the severe stress resulting from the too much emphasis on importance of accuracy as well as the risk of working in banks. This should be done by holding training serious for employees in order to raise their levels of performance to reach a high effetely in their profession. Furthermore, the bank management’s having to raise employees, salaries from time to time in order to match the cost of living. In so doing the employees will feel that they are psychological secure and they have job security. This will motivate them to give the best of what they can accomplish.
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