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EFFECEVTIVNESS OF PULSE OXIMETRY SCREENING IN EARLY DETECTION OF CRITICAL CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AMONG TERM NEWBORN BABY
(An-Najah National University, 2025-12-30) Yassin, Bayan
Abstract Background: Up to 10% of all baby deaths are caused by congenital heart disease (CHD) . However, it is possible that some defects may not be detected until delivery or even after the baby has been discharged. . Pulse oximetry (POX) screening is a new cost-effective revolution added to newborn screening to enhance and increase the detection rate of CCHD so help in early diagnosis and early initiating of treatment and this decrease the morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to find out whether POX is a reliable and acceptable screening method for the early identification of CCHD among asymptomatic newborns aged up to 48 hours of life. Methods: observational prospective cohort study, conducted over June- July 2024,convenience sample of 250 newborn included from three hospitals in Nablus city –Palestine, pre-ductal saturation and post-ductal saturation taken from newborn aged up to 48 hour of life ,after routine physical examination . Positive POX screening and positive physical examination finding (murmur) undergoing echocardiogram. Pilot study conducted at 25 baby before starting data collection to assess questionnaire validity and appropriateness measured the real time required for completion, highlighted phrasing deficiencies. Results: Out of 250 case five babies detected with abnormal result, 1 had positive POX screening results confirmed later as CCHD case (HLHS) and 4 babies had positive physical examination finding (murmur) only one case diagnosed by echocardiogram as small PDA with mild pulmonary stenosis. the prevalence of CCHD among newborns is 0.4 % and the prevalence of Non-CCHD is 2.4 %, whereas the sensitivity and specificity PO screening test were 100% for each respectively. Conclusion: pulse oximetry screening is cost effective, painless and save method can help in early detection of CCHD and initiate early treatment, in addition to newborns physical examination ,POX screening should be done to all newborn before discharge at private and governmental hospitals and delivery care centers also train medical staff at neonatal intensive care unit and maternal wards, including midwives and nurses, on how to perform screening, so that it can be performed on all babies prior to discharge.
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PharmaX
(2025) Saif Shayeb; Osama Ishtaiwi
This report documents the design and implementation of PharmaX, a compact automated pharmacy dispensing system built around a three-axis cartesian gantry, dual ultrasonic verification (pre-pull and post-pull), and a dual-interface HMI (web UI and keypad+LCD). The motion layer (Arduino Mega) uses trapezoidal velocity profiles, homing via limit switches, software limits, and a bounded retry policy to increase reliability. Two ESP32 modules provide a Wi-Fi SoftAP web ordering interface and a local keypad/LCD interface. The system retrieves medication boxes from a fixed 3 × 4 shelf grid and delivers them via a servo-assisted ramp to a user bin. We detail theoretical background, related work, methodology, results, and recommendations. The prototype demonstrates high success rates and reduced handling time, validating deterministic, low-cost pharmacy automation.
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Smart weather station that supports wireless & power line communication technology
(2026) Ali Mohammad Ali Al-Khalili; Fathi Fadi Rashid; Kamel Sharif Kamel Qaraan; Mohammad Imad Jawad Zaid
Abstract (in English) This project aims to design and implement a smart weather station capable of accurately measuring and analyzing weather conditions in real time. The station supports two communication methods: "Wi-Fi and power line communication (PLC). This enhances its ease of use in diverse environments, whether with advanced or limited infrastructure. The station relies on a set of sophisticated sensors to monitor variables such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, rainfall, and gases. "A central control unit collects and analyzes this data, then transmits it to an electronic display interface, facilitating real-time weather monitoring. This station is an effective tool that can be used in various fields, such as smart homes, smart agriculture, energy management, and environmental planning, especially in remote areas or regions where access to reliable climate data is difficult. "The project has the potential to be developed for integration with smart forecasting systems or automated environmental "systems in the future.
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DotSense - An Intelligent Braille Conversion and Printing System
(2025) Ala’a Abdelrahim; Abdullah Shabib
Abstract This project presents the design and implementation of DotSense, an intelligent braille con- version and printing system that addresses critical accessibility barriers faced by the visually im- paired community. The system integrates advanced microcontroller technology with precision mechanical control to provide an affordable, user-friendly alternative to expensive commercial braille printers. DotSense employs a dual-microcontroller architecture utilizing Arduino Mega 2560 for real-time motor control and ESP32 for wireless connectivity and web server functionality. The mechanical system features NEMA 23 stepper motors for precise X-Y positioning and a linear actuator-based embossing mechanism that achieves international braille standards for dot for- mation. The system successfully produces high-quality braille output with positioning accuracy meeting tactile readability requirements. A key innovation is the multi-modal user interface design, incorporating voice recogni- tion, keypad input, and web-based interfaces. This ensures accessibility for users with diverse capabilities and technical backgrounds. The web interface supports multiple input methods including direct text entry, speech-to-text conversion, and PDF processing, enabling seamless integration into educational and professional workflows. The system includes features such as temperature monitoring, electrical isolation, and au- dio feedback systems. Testing demonstrates that DotSense achieves commercial-quality braille output while maintaining a component cost of approximately $600, representing significant cost reduction compared to traditional solutions. Comprehensive testing validates the successful integration of all subsystems, confirming re- liable mechanical precision and effective multi-modal interface operation. The project demon- strates how open-source technologies and accessibility-focused design principles can deliver professional-grade assistive solutions that significantly reduce cost barriers while enhancing independence for the visually impaired community. Keywords: Assistive technology, braille printer, voice recognition, embedded systems, vi- sually impaired, cost-effective design, microcontroller, braille conversion