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Communities in DSpace

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Recent Submissions

RoboScout
(Dr. Mahmoud Assad Dwikat, 2025-09-09) Noor al-huda Hamayel; Aseel Maradwi
The RoboScout project presents the design and implementation of a smart exploration vehicle capable of remote navigation, real-time monitoring, and environmental awareness. The system was developed to address the need for safe and efficient exploration in environments where direct human presence may be difficult or unsafe. The vehicle is built on a tank chassis for enhanced stability and is powered by an Arduino Mega that controls DC motors, servo motors, and lighting systems. Wireless communication between the handheld controller and the vehicle is achieved using ESP32 modules with ESP-NOW protocol, enabling low-latency transmission of joystick commands and sensor feedback. A Raspberry Pi 4, equipped with Raspberry Pi Camera v2 and a microphone, provides live video and audio streaming to the operator’s mobile device. Multiple sensors were integrated to enhance safety and monitoring, including an ultrasonic sensor for obstacle detection, a DHT11 for temperature and humidity measurement, an MQ sensor for gas detection, an MPU6050 gyroscope for tilt monitoring, and an INA219 sensor for battery level tracking. The system also features a timed safety mechanism: when an obstacle is detected within 20 cm, forward motion is blocked for 10 seconds while reverse movement remains allowed. To improve usability, an LCD with I2C interface and a buzzer on the handheld controller provide immediate feedback, while headlights and an LED strip automatically adjust to ambient light conditions for improved visibility. A custom 3D-printed enclosure houses the controller, which includes dual joysticks for navigation and camera control. Additionally, a mobile application allows alternative vehicle control and real-time monitoring of sensor data. The results demonstrate that the RoboScout is a reliable, cost-effective, and user-friendly platform that successfully integrates robotics, sensing, and multimedia streaming into a compact system suitable for exploration, monitoring, and educational applications.
Code Treasure
(Eng. Oula Mardawi, 2026-01-23) Noor al-huda Hamayel; Rand Hamayel
Code Treasure is a gamified educational platform available as a mobile application and a website, designed to make learning programming concepts more engaging and interactive for players. The platform combines learning with gameplay by presenting educational content in the form of levels, maps, and challenges, where players progress by answering questions and completing tasks in an entertaining environment. The system consists of two main user roles: Admin and Player. The admin is responsible for fully managing and supervising the platform. This includes creating and organizing levels, categories, questions, avatars, and tresures, as well as defining rewards such as coins for each level. The admin also manages in-game coin packages, avatars (free or paid), references for each category, announcements, and notifications. In addition, the admin dashboard provides comprehensive statistics and analytics, such as the number of players, levels, categories, questions, active users, online players, and most played levels. The admin can also monitor player feedback through comments, manage transactions generated from real payment operations, and control admin accounts. On the other hand, the player can explore levels displayed on an interactive map, answer questions, and complete levels to earn coins as rewards. Player performance is evaluated based on time, incorrect answers, and hint usage, while progress reflects the number of questions completed within each level. Coins earned by players can be used to purchase hints and avatars. Each avatar is associated with a specific tresure on the map, enhancing the sense of gameplay and immersion. Players can also rate levels, add comments, view other players’ profiles, and communicate with each other through a built-in chat feature. To enhance engagement, the platform includes an AI chatbot for assistance, a secure payment system for purchasing coin packages, password recovery functionality, and a welcoming onboarding experience that grants new players free coins to start playing. Through its interactive design and educational gameplay, Code Treasure aims to transform learning into an enjoyable and motivating experience, bridging the gap between education and entertainment.
PATTERNS AND FACTORS INFLUENCING TRAFFIC CRASHES IN RAMALLAH AND AL BIREH GOVERNORATE
(An-Najah National University, 2026-04-09) Amro, Bashar Khader M.
Traffic crashes in Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate increased due to population growth, urban expansion, and the rising number of vehicles on the roads, placing sustained pressure on the road network between 2019 and 2024. This thesis addresses a local evidence gap by combining official crash records from the General Directorate of the Palestinian Police (GDPP) and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) to examine where crashes occur, how severe they are, and which factors are most consistently associated with them. The analysis followed three stages. First, data collection and validation were completed using police and PCBS records. Second, spatial analysis was performed using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Global and Local Moran's I to identify concentration patterns and spatial outliers. Third, Chi-square tests and descriptive trend analysis were used to assess how crash cause, crash type, and severity varied over time. Results show a persistent concentration of crashes in urban corridors and major intersections, while global spatial autocorrelation was not statistically significant at the governorate scale. Local Moran's I identified a limited number of locally distinct sites, including an outlier segment on Al-Tireh Main Road. Chi-square outputs showed significant year-to-year variation in crash characteristics. The findings were interpreted against prior local, regional, and international studies, with explicit attention to data-quality limits such as underreporting of minor crashes and mobility disruptions during COVID-19 and later political restrictions. This thesis provides an evidence base for targeted enforcement, infrastructure prioritization, and safer mobility planning in Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate.
MUNICIPAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: CASE OF PALESTINE
(An-Najah National University, 2026-05-17) Jabareen, Anas
The municipalities in Palestine function as the main organizations which deliver essential public services while they also participate in developing their communities. The Palestinian situation requires a complete approach for performance evaluation to help service delivery because the country faces unique social, economic and political challenges. The study assessed how the Palestinian municipalities performed and outlined an evaluation system that matches the needs of developing countries, specifically the Palestinian context. A descriptive-analytical methodology was followed to achieve the aim of the research. A structured questionnaire was prepared after conducting a thorough literature review and studying international best practices, and was used to collect data. The study sample included department managers and administrative staff from 28 representative Palestinian municipalities across the West Bank. The instrument's reliability was established through statistical testing which showed a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 92.7% that confirmed high internal consistency. The assessment examined five main performance areas which included Financial Performance and Sustainability, Institutional Performance, Transparency, Accountability and Community Participation. The assessment showed that municipalities performed at an extremely high level because their average score reached 4.35 which corresponds to 87%. The strongest performance areas of the assessment showed Financial Performance and Community Participation. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance showed that demographic factors such as gender, years of experience and job position did not affect evaluation outcomes except for educational qualification which created significant differences. The research ends by introducing a conceptual framework which can be used to evaluate the operational effectiveness of the municipalities. The framework functions as a solution to governance problems by enabling cities to allocate their financial resources based on performance metrics which the Municipal Development and Lending Fund assess. The framework emphasizes the need for re-engineering organizational structures, continuous investment in capacity building, and maintaining strong legal and transparent frameworks which municipalities must follow to achieve sustainable development in their challenging geopolitical context.
Smart Robotic Warehouse Management System
(Dr. Raed Qadi, 2026-01-28) Mohammad Murad Esawi; Jawad Nimer Hamdan
The rapid growth of e-commerce and logistics industries has increased the demand for efficient, accurate, and automated warehouse management solutions. This project presents the design and implementation of a robotic warehouse system that integrates mechanical automation, and web-based software control to optimize storage and retrieval operations. The proposed system utilizes a robotic arm mounted on a linear motion rail, a conveyor belt for product transportation, RFID technology for product identification, and multiple sensors for position and occupancy detection. The system is controlled by a microcontroller-based architecture and communicates with a centralized server through wireless connectivity. A web-based control interface enables both manual and automatic operation modes, allowing real-time monitoring, task scheduling, and storage strategy selection. Several storage strategies are implemented, including fixed and nearest-available placement, ensuring efficient space utilization while preventing collisions and incorrect storage. Experimental testing demonstrates that the system improves storage accuracy, reduces human intervention, and enhances operational efficiency compared to traditional manual warehouse processes. The modular and scalable design of the system allows for future expansion and integration with intelligent optimization algorithms, making it suitable for small to medium-scale warehouse applications.